Diode laser measurements of line strengths and collisional half-widths in the ν1 band of OCS at 298 and 200K

Absolute line strengths and self-broadened half-widths have been measured at 298 and 200 K for spectral lines ranging from J = 1 to 55 in the ν₁ band (860 cm^-1) of ¹⁶O¹²C³²S, using a tunable diode laser spectrometer. The vibrational transition moment (6.412 ± 0.16 × 10^-2D) as well as the absolute intensity (29.63±1.48 cm^-2-atm^-1 at 298 K), of the ν₁ band are determined from these line-strenght measurements. By applying two semi-classical impact theories of collisional broadening, we have obtained results for half-widths at 298 and 200 K which are significantly larger than the experimental data for |m|<50. However, the variation of the linewidths with temperature is well reproduced theoretically.     

Generalized Kähler Geometry, Gerbes, and all that

We review recent advances in generalized Kähler geometry while stressing the use of Poisson and symplectic geometry. The derivation of a generalized Kähler potential is sketched and relevant global issues are discussed.     

Influence of Chemical Effect on the Kβ/Kα Intensity Ratios and KβEnergy Shift of Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn Complexes

报导了钴、镍、铜、锌络合物中的化学效应对Kβ/Kα强度比和Kβ能量位移的影响. 实验样品用241Am环状放射源发出的能量为59.5 keV的γ射线激发. 对样品发射的K段X射线进行检测的检测器在5.9 keV处的分辨率为150 eV. 观察了不同配体对钴、镍、铜、锌络合物的Kβ/Kα强度比和Kβ能量转移的影响,并试图解释这些配体的性质对中心原子产生的化学效应. 对实验得到的Kβ/Kα强度比数据,理论计算获得的Kβ/Kα强度比数据及其它实验得到的纯钴、镍、铜、锌的Kβ/Kα强度比数据进行了比较.     

Thickness Effect on Kβ/Kα Intensity Ratios in Barium,Lanthanum, Samarium,Gadolinium, Dysprosium,and Holmium

INTRODUCTION

Knowing the K_β/K_α intensity ratio is of great practical importance in the analysis of X-ray spectra. The information is needed in the experimental investigations of various phenomena in the fields of atomic, nuclear and radiation physics and non-destructive testing of materials and elemental analysis using X-ray fluorescence techniques. K_α, X-ray arise from transition from the L shell to K shell and K_β, X-ray arise from transition from the M, N, 0 shells to K shell.     

Relativistic oscillator strengths for the Cs isoelectronic sequence and collapse of ⨍ and d orbitals

Model potential calculations have been performed to investigate the influence of valence-core electron exchange on oscillator strengths in the Cs isoelectronic sequence. It is demonstrated that inclusion of valence-core electron exchange in the model potential calculations of oscillator strengths for transitions involving orbitals which undergo the collapse phenomenon (usually d or f orbitals) is important and may modify the character of the transition (emission or absorption) due to the change in the relative positions of the states involved. In the collapse region, oscillator strengths for these transitions may also depend strongly on the form of the exchange approximation used. The reason for this influence is that valence-core electron exchange greatly facilitates the collapse phenomenon, thus affecting the positions of states and radial transition integrals. For transitions which do not involve orbitals undergoing collapse or occur in members of the isoelectronic sequence distant from the collapse region, the exchange effects, although still important are much weaker and good results may be obtained not only with a model potential employing empirically adjusted exchange but also for a simple, free from adjustable parameters, semiclassical exchange approximation.     

Yield strengths and stress induced crackles in copper films：effects of substrate and passivated layer

Yield strengths in unpassivated and 530 nm TiN passivated Cu films deposited on Ti, high-speed steel and Ni substrates have been measured by x-ray diffraction (XRD) in combination with the four-point bending method. The results show that, although the texture and average grain size, investigated by XRD and transmission electron microscopy respectively, do not vary with different substrate, the yield strength of the Cu film increases obviously when a thin passivated layer is present and varies slightly with substrates. Many crackles appear in the passivated Cu film on Ti substrate but do not appear in other samples. The experimental results have been explained satisfactorily with an expression for the yield strength of thin films given previously.     

Instantons, Poisson Structures and Generalized Kähler Geometry

Using the idea of a generalized Kähler structure, we construct bihermitian metrics on CP² and CP¹×CP¹, and show that any such structure on a compact 4-manifold M defines one on the moduli space of anti-self-dual connections on a fixed principal bundle over M. We highlight the role of holomorphic Poisson structures in all these constructions.     

Determination of Chemical Effect on the Kβ1/Kα, Kβ2/Kα, Kβ2/Kβ1 and Kβ/Kα X-Ray Intensity Ratios of 4d Transition Metals

It is clear that detailed studies performed under identical experimental conditions are desirable to determine the effect of the chemical environment on the value of intensity ratios. To better understand this effect, we conducted measurements on Kβ₁/Kα, Kβ₂/Kα, Kβ₂/Kβ₁ and Kβ/Kα x-ray intensity ratios. The Kα and Kβ_1,2 emission spectra for compounds of 4d transition metals Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo were measured using a Si(Li) solid-state detector. The samples were excited by 22.69 keV x-rays emitted from a ¹⁰⁹Cd radioisotopes source. The experimental results for pure elements are compared with the other experimental and theoretical values.     

Direct measurement of the resonance strengths and branching ratios of low-energy(p, γ) reactions on Mg isotopes

Proton capture reactions on Mg isotopes are significant in the Mg-Al cycle in stellar H-burning.In particular,the resonance strengths and branching ratios of low-energy resonances in Mg(p,y)26 A1 reactions determine the production of ~(26)Al,which is one of the most important long-lived radioactive nuclei in nuclear astrophysics.In this article,we report our first experiment using the intense proton beam of approximately 2 mA provided by the JUNA accelerator ground laboratory and a new technique that can minimize the composition change of targets under intense beam irradiation.The resonance strengths and branching ratios of E=214,304,and 326 keV resonances in the reactions of ~(24)Mg(p,γ)~(26)Al,~(25)Mg(p,γ)~(26)Al,and ~(26)Mg(p,γ)~(27)Al,respectively,were measured with high accuracy.The success of this experiment provides a good calibration for the nuclear astrophysical experiment at the Jinping underground laboratory.     

Elementary muon, pion, and kaon particles as resonators for neutrino quanta. Calculations of mass ratios for e, μ, π0, π±, K 0, K ±, and ν e

Masses of a number of elementary particles are calculated on the basis of the model suggested in [1] with the use of one parameter. In this model, an electron is considered as an electric cloud enclosed inside an elastic lepton shell, electron neutrino ν _е is considered as an elastic lepton shell contracted to a minimal size, and muon, pion and kaon are considered as resonators for quanta of virtual neutrinos excited inside the elastic lepton shell. The number and type of these quanta are determined from the decay scheme for μ, π, and K: 2 for the muon (ν _е and ), 3 for the pion (ν _е , ν _μ, and ), and at least 21 for the kaon. The model allows mass ratios approximating the experimental data for these particles to be obtained for the first time, with the ratio of μ and е masses equal to (6πℏс/е ²)^2/3 ≅ 188, the ratio of π ⁰ and μ masses equal to (3/2)^2/3, and the ratio of K ⁰ and π ⁰ equal masses to 7^2/3. The calculated e, μ , π ⁰, and K ⁰ masses are in the 0.547:105.707:134.963:493.87 (MeV) ratios (normalized by the neutral pion mass). This is in good agreement with the available experimental data. The mass ν _е (≅ 0.02 eV) is also estimated in this model, and the variety of K-meson decay schemes is naturally explained as a result of the variety of excited intrinsic neutrino field structures with the same energy. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 1, pp. 23–29, January, 2009.     

Densities and mixing volumes of mixtures of fluorobenzene, α,α,α-trifluorotoluene, tert-butylmethyl ether, and ethanol at temperature 298.15 K and pressure 0.1 MPa

The volumetric properties were evaluated from density data for the binary mixtures of (fluorobenzene + tert-butylmethyl ether), (α,α,α-trifluorotoluene + tert-butylmethyl ether), (tert-butylmethyl ether + ethanol), and the ternary mixtures of (fluorobenzene + tert-butylmethyl ether + ethanol) and (α,α,α-trifluorotoluene + tert-butylmethyl ether + ethanol). The observed densities were obtained by means of a vibrating-tube densimeter at the temperature 298.15 K and the pressure 101 kPa.The excess molar volumes of the ternary mixtures were estimated from binary solution data using several empirical equations with mean standard deviation less than 0.03 cm³·mol^-1. Stable chemical cross-associations among the molecules forming the mixtures were revealed.     

Scalar mesons in ππ and K¯K scattering

The s-wave pion scattering amplitude is analysed with the aim to clarify the mass spectrum of scalar mesons and to find evidence of lightest glueball. The S-matrix and K¯K coupled channel formalism is used. The existence of scalar mesons S^* and is implied by the data. The production K¯K and the elastic K¯KK¯K coupled amplitudes are predicted from the scattering data. The couplings c f S^* to and K¯K states are determined.     

Moment Maps,Scalar Curvature and Quantization of Kähler Manifolds

Building on Donaldsons work on constant scalar curvature metrics, we study the space of regular Kähler metrics E, i.e. those for which deformation quantization has been defined by Cahen, Gutt and Rawnsley. After giving, in Sects. 2 and 3 a review of Donaldsons moment map approach, we study the essential uniqueness of balanced basis (i.e. of coherent states) in a more general setting (Theorem 2.5). We then study the space E in Sect.4 and we show in Sect.5 how all the tools needed can be defined also in the case of non-compact manifolds.     

On puzzles and non-puzzles in B→ππ,πK decays

Recently, we have seen interesting progress in the exploration of CP violation in B⁰ _d→π⁺π^-: the measurements of mixing-induced CP violation by the BaBar and Belle collaborations are now in good agreement with each other, whereas the picture of direct CP violation is still unclear. Using the branching ratio and direct CP asymmetry of B⁰ _d→π^-K⁺, this situation can be clarified. We predict , which favours the BaBar result, and we extract γ=(70.0^+3.8 _-4.3)^°, which agrees with the unitarity triangle fits. Extending our analysis to other B→πK modes and B⁰ _s→K⁺K^- with the help of the SU(3) flavour symmetry and plausible dynamical assumptions, we find that all observables with colour-suppressed electroweak penguin contributions are measured to be in excellent agreement with the standard model. As far as the ratios R_c,n of the charged and neutral B→πK branching ratios are concerned, which are sizeably affected by electroweak penguin contributions, our standard-model predictions have almost unchanged central values but significantly reduced errors. Since the new data have moved quite a bit towards these results, the “B→πK puzzle” for the CP conserving quantities has been significantly reduced. However, the mixing-induced CP violation of B⁰ _d→π⁰K_S does look puzzling; if confirmed by future measurements, this effect could be accommodated through a modified electroweak penguin sector with a large CP violating new-physics phase. Finally, we point out that the established difference between the direct CP asymmetries of B^±→π⁰K^± and B_d→π^∓K^± appears to be generated by hadronic and not by new physics.