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多孔材料塑性极限载荷及其破坏模式分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
运用塑性力学中的机动极限分析理论,研究韧性基体多孔材料的塑性极限承载能力和破坏模式。以多孔材料的细观结构为研究对象,将细观力学中的均匀化理论引入到塑性极限分析中,并结合有限元技术,建立细观结构极限载荷的一般计算格式,并提出相应的求解算法。数值算例表明:细观孔洞对材料的宏观强度影响明显;在单向拉伸作用下,孔洞呈现膨胀扩大规律;多孔材料破坏源于基体塑性区的贯通。 相似文献
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牛顿迭代一致性算法及其在板弹塑性有限元分析中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文简略讨论了有限载荷增量弹塑性有限元分析中传统切线刚度法丧失精度和牛顿迭代平方收敛速度的原因,并提出保持牛顿迭代平方收敛速度、保证一阶精度和无条件稳定性的一致性算法.一致性算法具备以下两个特征:1)采用路径无关计算格式;2)采用一致弹塑性切线模量。根据一致性算法构造出以弯矩和曲率为基本变量的弹塑性板弯曲有限元NIDKQ元。数值结果表明NIDKQ元具有令人满意的精度,同时验证了有限载荷增量下牛顿迭代一致性算法的平方收敛率特性,而传统切线刚度法随着塑性区的扩展将大大降低收敛速度。 相似文献
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牛顿迭代一致性算法及其在板弹塑性有限元分析中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文简略讨论了有限载荷增量弹塑性有限元分析中传统切线刚度法丧失精度和牛顿迭代平方收敛速度的原因,并提出保持牛顿迭代平方收敛速度、保证一阶精度和无条件稳定性的一致性算法.一致性算法具备以下两个特征:1)采用路径无关计算格式;2)采用一致弹塑性切线模量。根据一致性算法构造出以弯矩和曲率为基本变量的弹塑性板弯曲有限元NIDKQ元。数值结果表明NIDKQ元具有令人满意的精度,同时验证了有限载荷增量下牛顿迭代一致性算法的平方收敛率特性,而传统切线刚度法随着塑性区的扩展将大大降低收敛速度。 相似文献
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本文根据塑性流动理论的基本公式,由隐式积分导出了与路径无关的变量更新算法和一致切线模量。采用单元广义应力应变直接离散塑性流动定律,构造了杂交应力单元一致切线刚度矩阵的显式表达式,编制了结构有限元程序SAFE,数值算例表明:本文的计算方法和计算程序是正确可靠的,可用于弹塑性板壳结构的非线性分析,计算结果屈曲临界载荷和极限承载能力。 相似文献
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自然单元法是一种以自然邻近插值为试函数的新兴无网格数值方法,其形函数的计算不涉及矩阵求逆,也不需要任何人为参数。为了充分发挥自然单元法的优势,本文基于极限分析上限定理建立了轴对称结构极限上限分析的整套求解算法。轴对称结构的位移场由自然邻近插值构造,并且采用罚函数法处理材料的不可压条件。为了消除目标函数非光滑所引起的数值困难,采用逐步识别刚性区和塑性区,并对两者用不同方法进行处理。数值算例结果表明,本文提出的轴对称结构极限上限分析方法是行之有效的。 相似文献
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基于随机有限元的非线性结构稳健性优化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合结构优化技术和摄动随机有限元方法研究了非线性结构稳健设计问题。将结构稳健性优化设计问题构造为双目标优化问题。优化目标包含结构性能函数的期望值和标准差。约束函数的变异也给予考虑,并采用基于函数梯度的算法进行求解。为对具有路径相关特征的非线性结构性能及结构响应的平均值及标准差进行分析。本文采用缩减的随机变量,提出了基于增量法的摄动随机有限元计算格式。在此框架下,进一步提出以一般泛函形式表达的结构性能的平均值和方差及其灵敏度的计算格式。为显示方法的有效性。文中给出几个数值算例。 相似文献
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边坡稳定的剪切带计算 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了解决边坡稳定分析中剪切带有限元网格的依赖性问题,采用梯度塑性理论,从本构关系中引入特征长度入手,建立计算模型。提出了一种8节点缩减积分的梯度塑性单元,并采用梯度塑性理论推导了Drucker-Prager屈服准则的软化模型的有限元格式,在ABAQUS中进行了二次开发,嵌入了本文提出的8节点单元和本构模型,并用ABAQUS软件进行了边坡剪切带的计算。计算结果表明,本文提出的方法消除了经典有限元计算的网格依赖性问题,可以得到与单元剖分无关的稳定的剪切带宽度。本文所提出的方法可适用于其他场合的剪切带计算。 相似文献
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Previous work which established upper and lower bounds on the creep life of steadily loaded structures is extended to cater for load and temperature variations in non-homogeneous structures. The investigation is limited to the range where short term plasticity and fatigue damage can be ignored. For proportional loading, the upper bound which is based on limit analysis, is similar in form to that for constant loading. In the more general case, the upper bound is less stringent and is based on the mean load and temperature distribution over the lifetime. A lower bound on life is taken as the time for the first part of the structure to fail.The bounds are applied to three simple structures. For proportional loading the upper bound predicts the lifetime with the same accuracy as for constant loading except for extreme load variations. The presence of a temperature distribution alters the accuracy of the upper bound prediction but in most cases the change is small. In contrast, the lower bound is very sensitive to the temperature gradient.The authors use these results to develop approximate techniques for estimating the creep life of components subjected to variable loads and temperature distributions. Simplified design procedures based on the upper bound are examined and suitable amendments are proposed. 相似文献
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The strengths of individual boron fibers extracted from various as-received and thermally-fatigued aluminum alloy matrix materials were measured. The results are described in terms of a Weibull distribution, and strengths of composites fabricated from these fibres are calculated in terms of lower and upper bounds. Tests conducted on composites specimens indicated that strengths approaching the upper bounds can be achieved in composites fabricated by normal diffusion bonding techniques. Cyclic temperature changes effectively reduced the strength values towards the lower bounds. It was concluded that this effect resulted from the degradation of the strength of the fiber-matrix bond. 相似文献
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Pen-Yuan Shih 《International Journal of Solids and Structures》1978,14(12):1013-1026
A general derivation of expressions for lower bounds to fundamental frequencies and buckling loads is given for the class of structures governed by linear elastic theory in the prebuckling state. These expressions involve two Rayleigh quotients both of which are upper bounds for the fundamental frequency under a prescribed load. The displacement trial functions must satisfy force and kinematic continuity but no other conditions are required. Thus, if appropriate high order base functions are used, the finite element procedure can be used to systematically narrow the difference between the upper and lower bounds.The theory is illustrated with several column and plate problems. The finite element method is applied to uniform and nonuniform columns with a representative set of boundary conditions. Elementary trial functions are used to show that reasonable bounds can also be obtained for plates subjected to known states of stress. Since the lower bound is obtained with a variation of the classical technique of Rayleigh, these results indicate that the method may be suitable for conservatively estimating buckling loads and fundamental frequencies of engineering structures. 相似文献
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A new model is put forward to bound the effective elastic moduli of composites with ellipsoidal inclusions. In the present paper, transition layer for each ellipsoidal inclusion is introduced to make the trial displacement field for the upper bound and the trial stress field for the lower bound satisfy the continuous interface conditions which are absolutely necessary for the application of variational principles. According to the principles of minimum potential energy and minimum complementary energy, the upper and lower bounds on the effective elastic moduli of composites with ellipsoidal inclusions are rigorously derived. The effects of the distribution and geometric parameters of ellipsoidal inclusions on the bounds of the effective elastic moduli are analyzed in details. The present upper and lower bounds are still finite when the bulk and shear moduli of ellipsoidal inclusions tend to infinity and zero, respectively. It should be mentioned that the present method is simple and needs not calculate the complex integrals of multi-point correlation functions. Meanwhile, the present paper provides an entirely different way to bound the effective elastic moduli of composites with ellipsoidal inclusions, which can be developed to obtain a series of bounds by taking different trial displacement and stress fields. 相似文献
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The analysis of the stresses in one-, two- and three-dimensional spinning bodies is discussed in a systematic and comprehensive way. First elastic solutions are derived for rods, for elliptical-shaped flat disks and for ellipsoidal solid bodies spinning about their sideways axes. Then the spins for first plastic yield are found in each case using each of the Tresca and the von Mises yield conditions. Then upper and lower bounds on the maximum allowable limit spins where the body would globally fail assuming perfectly plastic behavior are derived. The elastic solutions at first yield always give a lower bound to that limit spin, but global failure generally does not occur until the spin is increased. A way to calculate an improved lower bound is illustrated. Upper bounds are found in a simple and new way. The method uses the fact that the volume-averaged stresses can be calculated directly from the loadings without the need for any actual stress solutions, and then it is proved that the use of those average stresses in the yield functions always gives an upper bound to the limit loads. That use of the statically determinate average stresses to obtain meaningful plastic upper bounds to limit loads is though to be a new method, and can be applied to any shape. Finally, several finite element calculations are used to determine the quantitative relations between the lower and upper bounds and the actual limit spins for ellipsoidal bodies.The results are of interest in the spin of planetary bodies, where they explain the nature of an average-stress approximate method, and in the analysis of spinning bodies in general. In addition, the approach gives a very interesting example of the utility of the limit analysis approaches of plasticity theories. 相似文献
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计算具有区间参数结构特征值范围的一种新方法 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
基于区间效学的包含单调性和区间函效所表述的实际物理意义,把广义区间特征值问题转化为两个以非确定参效为优化变量,以关心的特征值为目标函效的全局优化问题,并采用遗传算法对优化问题求解,计算得到结构特征值的区间范围。通过效值算例对本文方法的有效性进行了验证,并和区间摄动法的计算结果进行了比较。 相似文献
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Tungyang Chen 《Journal of Elasticity》2010,101(1):1-27
We derive upper and lower bounds for the torsional rigidity of host shafts containing a number of cylindrical fibers. The
transverse cross-sections of the host shaft and the fibers are simply connected, but could be arbitrary in shape. Utilizing
the fact that the torsion solution of a homogeneous host shaft with simply connected cross-section can be known, we propose
a method to construct statically and kinematically admissible fields interior to the matrix and to the fibers. Previous developments
on bounding the torsional rigidity of composite shaft so far are confined to circular fibers. Here we try to simulate fibers
with non-circular cross-section and incorporate the interactions of the cross-sectional shapes of the host shaft and the fibers
at the same time. Proceeding from extremal principles of elasticity, together with propositions of some domain integration
procedures, we provide a universal expression for bounds on the torsional rigidity of the composite shaft. The exact expressions
depend on the constituent information of the fibers and the host shaft, which could offer useful information to tailor the
shape and the arrangement of the constituents to achieve an optimal value. 相似文献
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《Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids》1987,35(5):497-517
The linear orthotropic relations between stress and infinitesimal strain require only seven, instead of the usual nine, independent elastic moduli, and one of them can be identified as a bulk modulus coincident with that common to all the grains. Each of the remaining six overall moduli is placed between upper and lower, “Voigt-Reuss-Hill”, and also “Hashin- Shtrikman”, bounds, in terms of the grain moduli and of three measurable parameters that take account of the particular mix of lattice orientations. One or more of them can be determined at once in exceptional cases where the grains all have a particular fixed or somewhat variable lattice orientation: the upper and lower bounds come to the appropriate coincidence then. Generally the vagaries of the configuration have an influence in keeping each pair of bounds apart, but effective estimates of the overall elastic moduli can be offered, except perhaps when the grains have a very pronounced cubic anisotropy. We shall refer in particular to the more symmetrical, tetragonal and transversely isotropic, textures for which correspondingly fewer overall moduli and orientation parameters are required. 相似文献