无水钾镁矾类复盐(A＋)2Cd2(SO4)3的热化学

The standard molar formation enthalpies of (A＋)2Cd2(SO4)3[A＋ is NH＋ 4 or K＋] are determined from the enthalpies of dissolution (ΔsHm) of [(A＋)2SO 4(s)＋2CdSO4(s)] and (A＋)2Cd2(SO4)3(s) in twice distilled water or 3 mol•L－1 HNO3 solvent respectively,at 298.2 K,as: ΔfHm [(NH4)2Cd2(SO4)3,s,298.2K]=－3031.74±0.08 kJ•mol－1 ΔfHm [K2Cd2(SO4)3,s,298.2K]=－3305.52±0.17 kJ•mol－1     

无水钾镁矾类复盐(A~ )_2Cd_2(SO_4)_3的热化学

The standard molar formation enthalpies of (A＋ )2Cd2(SO4)3[A＋ is NH＋ 4 or K＋ ] are determined from the enthalpies of dissolution (Δ SHm) of [(A＋ )2SO4(s)＋ 2CdSO4(s)] and (A＋ )2Cd2(SO4)3(s) in twice distilled water or 3 mol· L－ 1 HNO3 solvent respectively,at 298.2 K,as: Δ fH m[(NH4)2Cd2(SO4)3,s,298.2K]=－ 3031.74± 0.08 kJ· mol－ 1 Δ fH m[K2Cd2(SO4)3,s,298.2K]=－ 3305.52± 0.17 kJ· mol－ 1     

复盐K2Zn(IO3)4·2H2O的热化学研究

The standard enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^?_m［K₂Zn(IO₃)₄·2H₂O,s,298.2K］=-2210.68 kJ·mol^-1) of a double salt K₂Zn(IO₃)₄·2H相似文献   

复盐K2Mg(IO3)4 2H2O的热力学性质

由于碱金属碘酸盐晶体在电学性质的利用上有重要价值和发现碘酸盐晶体非线性性质［‘］，七十年代以来，Vinogradov等对碘酸盐-碘酸-水系统发生了极大的兴趣，做了大量研究工作［’－‘］，发现在碘酸盐．碘酸一水三元体系里有碘酸盐复盐K2M（IO3）4·2H2O（M＝Mn2＋、Co2＋、N     

SrB4O7·3．5H2O的合成、表征与热化学研究

合成了一种新型碱土金属硼酸盐SrB4O7·3．5H2O,并对它进行了化学分析、红外光谱（IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）及热分析（TC—DTA）等一系列物相鉴定与表征。通过设计热力学循环,利用微热量计测定了SrB4O7·3．5H2O溶解于约1mol·L^-1 HCl水溶液中的摩尔溶解焓,再结合H3BO,在HCl（aq）的摩尔溶解焓,Sr（OH）2·8H2O（s）溶解于[HCl（aq）＋H3BO3（aq）]的摩尔溶解焓,以及H2O（1）、Sr（OH）2·8H2O（s）与H3BO3（s）的标准摩尔生成焓,得到了SrB4O7·3．5H2O的标准摩尔生成焓为-（4435．15±3．30）kJ·mol^-1。     

SrB_4O_7·3.5H_2O的合成、表征与热化学研究

合成了一种新型碱土金属硼酸盐SrB4O7·3.5H2O,并对它进行了化学分析、红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)及热分析(TG-DTA)等一系列物相鉴定与表征.通过设计热力学循环,利用微热量计测定了SrB4O7·3.5H2O溶解于约1 mol·L-1HCl水溶液中的摩尔溶解焓,再结合H3BO3在 HCl(aq)的摩尔溶解焓,Sr(OH)2·8H2O(s)溶解于[HCl(aq)+H3BO3(aq)]的摩尔溶解焓,以及H2O(l)、Sr(OH)2·8H2O(s)与 H3BO3(s)的标准摩尔生成焓,得到了SrB4O7·3.5H2O的标准摩尔生成焓为–(4435.15± 3.30)kJ·mol–1.     

复盐Zn2HIO6• 1.25H2O的热化学研究

由于高碘酸盐及其复盐晶体具有优良的电学性能和抗腐蚀性能,在分析上也很有应用价值［１］三元相高碘酸盐－高碘酸－水系统早在６０年代就引起了人们的兴趣,Ｄｒａｔｏｖｓｋｙ等人对它进行了大量的研究［２－５］．八十年代Ｎａｂａｒ等人用新的方法合成了几种新的高碘...     

水合偏硼酸钾的热化学研究

Hydrated potassium monoborate(KBO₂·4/3H₂O) was obtained from an aqueous solution in a mole ratio of K₂O∶B₂O₃=2∶1 and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)， infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy. The enthalpy of solution of hydrated potassium monoborate， KBO₂·4/3H₂O， in approximately 1mol·dm^-3 aqueous hydrochloric acid was determined. Together with the previously determined enthalpies of so-lution of H₃BO₃ in approximately 1mol·dm^-3 HCl(aq) ，and of KCl in aqueous(hydrochloric acid+boric acid)， the standard molar enthalpy of formation of -(1411.11±0.84)kJ·mol^-1 for KBO₂·4/3H₂O was obtained from the standard molar enthalpies of formation of KCl(s)， H₃BO₃(s)， and H₂O(l). The standard molar entropy of formation of -422.94J·K^-1·mol^-1 and standard molar entropy of 163.47J·K^-1·mol^-1 for KBO₂·4/3H₂O were calculated from the thermodynamic relations. A group contribution method is applicable to KBO₂·4/3H₂O.     

烟酸钠Na(C6H4NO2)(s)的低温热容和热化学

选择分析纯烟酸和无水醋酸钠作为反应物, 用室温固相合成方法合成了无水烟酸钠. 利用FTIR和X射线粉末衍射等方法进行了表征, 利用化学分析和元素分析确定其组成为Na(C6H4NO2). 用精密自动绝热热量计测量其在78~400 K温度区间的低温热容. 研究结果表明, 该化合物在此温度区间无热异常现象发生. 用最小二乘法将实验摩尔热容对温度进行拟合, 得到热容随温度变化的多项式方程. 用此方程进行数值积分, 得到在此温度区间每隔5 K的舒平热容值和相对于298.15 K时的热力学函数值. 在此基础上, 通过设计合理的热化学循环, 选用1 mol/L NaOH溶液作为量热溶剂, 利用等温环境溶解-反应热量计分别测得固相反应的反应物和产物在所选溶剂中的溶解焓, 得到固相反应的反应焓. 最后, 计算出无水烟酸钠的标准摩尔生成焓为: ΔfHm0[Na(C6H4NO2), s]=-(548.96±1.11) kJ/mol.     

四水氯化锰与对甲基苯胺配位反应的热化学研究

用溶解量热法测定聚凝相反应的焓变,并进一步得到指定物质未见报道的标准生成焓数据,是一种较准确的研究手段。所得到结果可完善物质的标准热力学性质,满足化学研究与应用的需要。本文选择氯化锰（NnCl2.4H2O)与对甲基苯胺（CH3C6H4NH2,简称p-tol)进行反应,合成了配合物Mn(p-tol)2Cl2。用新型的具有恒定温度环境的反应热量计^[1],以溶解量热法^[2,3],用一定比例的HCl(3.0mol.L^-1)与无水乙醇的合溶液作为量热溶剂,分别测定了反应物,产物的溶解熔,设计了一个新的热化学循环,得到了配位反应的反应焓,并计算出了配合物Mn(p-tol)2Cl2的标准生成焓。     

氯化钐与甘氨酸配合物Sm(Gly)2Cl3·3H2O热化学研究

A complex of samarium with glymine， [Sm(Gly)₂Cl₃·3H₂O]， was synthesized and characterized by DSC， TG and DTG. A possible mechanism of thermal decomposition of this complex was suggested. The heat capacities of the complex were measured by a precision adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 82 to 375 K. The solution enthalpies of reactants [SmCl₃·6H₂O+2Gly] and the products [Sm(Gly)₂Cl₃·3H₂O+3H₂O] were determined by an isoperibel solution- reaction calorimeter at 298.15 K， respectively; the standard molar enthalpy of formation of [Sm(Gly)₂Cl₃·3H₂O] was calculated through a designed thermochemical cycle.     

五种西佛碱配合物对金黄色葡萄球菌代谢抑制的热化学研究

用微量热法研究了五种西佛碱金属配合物对金黄色葡萄球菌代谢抑制作用。发现不同西佛碱金属配合物对金黄色葡萄球菌的作用效果不同 ,其药效为 :Cu( ) - L>Cu( ) - OVG>Co( ) - L>Zn( ) - OVG>Zn( ) - L,半抑制浓度 HIC依次增大。不同金属配合物作用下 ,金黄色葡萄球菌代谢热谱有所不同 ,说明不同西佛碱金属配合物对金黄色葡萄球菌作用的方式不同。     

Cs2CuCl4标准生成焓的热化学研究

用自行研制的具备恒定温度环境的新型反应热量计，以０．０１ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液为量热溶剂，分别测定了（２ＣｓＣｌ（ｓ）＋ＣｕＣｌ２．２Ｈ２Ｏ（ｓ）和ＣｓＣｕＣｌ４的溶解焓，根据Ｈｅｓｓ定律设计了一个热化学循环，求出了Ｃｓ２ＣｕＣｌ４的标准生成焓，推荐其值为     

稀土配合物[Pr(C3H7NO2)2(C3H4N2)(H2O)](ClO4)3的标准生成焓及热分解动力学研究

合成了高氯酸镨和咪唑(C₃H₄N₂), DL-α-丙氨酸(C₃H₇NO₂)混配配合物晶体. 经傅立叶变换红外光谱、化学分析和元素分析确定其组成为[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃. 使用具有恒温环境的溶解-反应量热计, 以2.0 mol•L^－1 HCl为量热溶剂, 在T＝(298.150±0.001) K时测定出化学反应PrCl₃•6H₂O(s)＋2C₃H₇NO₂(s)＋C₃H₄N₂(s)＋3NaClO₄(s)＝[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s)＋3NaCl(s)＋5H₂O(1)的标准摩尔反应焓为Δ_rH_m^ө＝(39.26±0.11) kJ•mol^－1. 根据盖斯定律, 计算出配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为Δ_fH_m^ө{[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s), 298.150 K}＝(－2424.2±3.3) kJ•mol^－1. 采用TG-DTG技术研究了配合物在流动高纯氮气(99.99%)气氛中的非等温热分解动力学, 运用微分法(Achar-Brindley-sharp和Kissinger法)和积分法(Satava-Sestak和Coats-Redfern法)对非等温动力学数据进行分析, 求得分解反应的表观活化能E＝108.9 kJ•mol^－1, 动力学方程式为dα/dt＝2(5.90×10⁸/3)(1－α)[－ln(1－α)]^－1exp(－108.9×10³/RT).     

Thermodynamics of Silicon Nitride. Standard molar enthalpy of formation of amorphous Si3N4 at 298.15 K

The standard molar enthalpy of formation Δ_f H _m ⁰=–760±12 kJ for amorphous silicon nitride a-Si₃N₄ has been determined from fluorine combustion calorimetry measurements of the massic energy of the reaction: a-Si₃N₄(s)+6F₂(g)=3SiF₄(g)+2N₂(g). This value combined with Δ_f H _m ⁰= –828.9±3.4 kJ for a-Si₃N₄ indicates that determined for the first time molar enthalpy change for the transition from amorphous to α-crystalline form Δ_trs H _m ⁰=69±13 kJ is very evident, in spite of its large uncertainty range resulting from impurity corrections. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Thermochemistry of rare earth complexes [Ln(Ala)2(Im)(H2O)](ClO4)3 (Ln=Pr, Gd)

The two complexes, [Ln(Ala)₂(Im)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃ (Ln=Pr, Gd), were synthesized and characterized. Using a solution-reaction isoperibol calorimeter, standard enthalpies of reaction of two reactions: LnCl₃⋅6H₂O(s)+2Ala(s)+Im(s)+3NaClO₄(s)=[Ln(Ala)₂(Im)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s)+3NaCl(s)+5H₂O(l) (Ln=Pr, Gd), at T=298.15 K, were determined to be (39.26±0.10) and (5.33±0.12) kJ mol^–1 , respectively. Standard enthalpies of formation of the two complexes at T=298.15 K, Δ_fH^Θ_m {[Ln(Ala)₂(Im)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s)} (Ln=Pr, Gd), were calculated as –(2424.2±3.3) and –(2443.4±3.3) kJ mol^–1 , respectively.     

High‐spin states in tetrahedral X4 clusters (X = H,Li, Na,K)

The high‐spin electronic states for lithium, sodium, and potassium four‐atom clusters were studied. In particular, we performed coupled cluster geometry optimization of the quintet state in tetrahedral geometry. The quintet state of these systems is characterized by having all the valence electron unpaired, giving rise to the so‐called no‐pair bonding. Single‐point full configuration interaction computations on the equilibrium geometries for the various clusters are also presented. The analysis of the valence orbitals in a localized representation confirms the importance of the p atomic orbitals to explain this unusual type of bond. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010