The PHENIX forward spectrometer upgrade

The forward spectrometer upgrade of the PHENIX detector aims to add capabilities at forward rapidities to: probe nucleon structure through W production and promptphotons in polarized p + p, study nucleon structure in nuclei at high parton densities in p + A collisions through the measurement of γ and π⁰ in the forward region, greatly extend the acceptance for high p _T γ-jet measurements (jet tomography) in A + A, and increase our capabilities to measure the production quarkonium states by giving sensitivity to the χ _c through the J/ψ + γ channel. for the PHENIX Forward Upgrade Collaboration Presented in the Poster Session “Future Experiments and Facilities” at the 18th International Conference “Quark Matter 2005”, Budapest, Hungary, 4–9 August 2005.     

The RHIC polarized source upgrade

The RHIC polarized H^? ion source is being upgraded to higher intensity and polarization for use in the RHIC polarization physics program at enhanced luminosity RHIC operation. The higher beam intensity will allow reduction of the longitudinal transverse beam emittance at injection to AGS to reduce polarization losses in AGS. There is also a planned RHIC luminosity upgrade by using the electron beam lens to compensate the beam-beam interaction at collision points. This upgrade is also essential for future BNL plans for a high-luminosity electron-proton (ion) Collider eRHIC. The basic limitations on the high-intensity H^? ion beam production in charge-exchange collisions of the neutral atomic hydrogen beam in the Na-vapor jet ionizer cell were experimentally studied.     

The Forward Vertex upgrade detector for PHENIX

The PHENIX detector at RHIC has been built with a strong heavy quark particles identification capability. These unique probes of matter are essential to adequately understand in-medium energy loss and to test the basic properties of QCD. The current PHENIX heavy flavor physics program will be significantly enhanced by the addition of the Forward Silicon Vertex upgrade detector (FVTX) in the acceptance of the existing muon arm detectors (1.2<|y|<2.4). The proposed tracker is planned to be put into operation in FY2011. Each arm of the FVTX detector consists of 4 disks of silicon strip sensors combined with FPHX readout chips and provides a precision measurement of the radial coordinate of the track. The current status of the detector design and construction and expectations for the physics signal extraction will be presented.     

The upgrade of endcap CMS muon system

The configuration and composition of the CMS muon system are presented. The paper is focused on cathode strip chambers (CSC) used as the endcap muon system detectors. The goals and objectives of the endcap muon system upgrade are formulated. The main results of works accomplished for the ME1/1 CSCs upgrade and the new ME4/2 muon station construction during the LHC Long Shutdown-1 (2013–2014) are presented. The improved performances of the endcap muon system are shown using experimental data obtained after the upgrade (Run2 data).     

LHC detector upgrade

The European Physical Journal C - There has already been a study in some depth about the physics reach and the needed upgrades to the LHC experiments, ATLAS and CMS, in the recent past [1]....     

The ISOLDE RILIS pump laser upgrade and the LARIS Laboratory

On account of its high efficiency, speed and unmatched selectivity, the Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS) is the preferred method for ionizing the nuclear reaction products at the ISOLDE on-line isotope separator facility. By exploiting the unique electronic energy level ‘fingerprint’ of a chosen element, the RILIS process of laser step-wise resonance ionization enables an ion beam of high chemical purity to be sent through the mass selective separator magnet. The isobaric purity of a beam of a chosen isotope is therefore greatly increased. The RILIS, comprising of up to three frequency tunable pulsed dye lasers has been upgraded with the installation of a Nd:YAG pump laser as a replacement for the old Copper Vapor Laser (CVL) system. A summary of the current Nd:YAG pumped RILIS performance is given. To accompany the RILIS pump laser upgrade, a new ionization scheme for manganese has been developed at the newly constructed LAser Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (LARIS) laboratory and successfully applied for on-line RILIS operation. An overview of the LARIS facility is given along with details of the ionization scheme development work for manganese.     

The magnet design for the HLS storage ring upgrade project

In order to improve the performance of the Hefei Light Source (HLS), in particular to get higher brilliance synchrotron radiation and increase the number of straight section insertion devices, an upgrade project called HLSII will be launched soon. The storage ring lattice, which has a double bend achromatic structure with four periods, comprises eight dipoles, 32 quadrupoles and 32 combined function sextupoles. The design and analysis of the magnets are shown in this paper, along with the optimization of the multipurpose combined function magnet, which consists of three magnets: skew quadrupole, horizontal dipole and vertical dipole, with the main sextupole magnet. This type of magnet is the first one that has been designed and used in China. The mechanical design and fabrication procedures for the magnets are also presented.     

Nose-cone calorimeter: PHENIX forward upgrade

PHENIX is a high rate experiment efficient at measuring rare processes, but has limited acceptance in azimuth and pseudorapidity (η). The Nose Cone Calorimeter (NCC), a W–Si sampling calorimeter in the region of 0.9<η<3, is one of the upgrades which will significantly increase coverage in both azimuth and pseudorapidity. The NCC will expand PHENIX’s precision measurements of electromagnetic probes in η, reconstruct jets, perform a wide scope of correlation measurements, and enhance triggering capabilities. The detector will significantly contribute to measurements of γ-jet correlations, quarkonia production, and low-x nuclear structure functions. This report discusses details of the detector design and its performance concerning a sample of the physics topics which will benefit from the NCC. In view of recent funding difficulties, outlook of the activities is discussed.     

ANU LINAC upgrade using multi-stub resonators

A proposal has been prepared to upgrade the LINAC at ANU, using re-plated PbSn split loop resonators performing at 3.6 MV/m, and the addition of two- and three-stub resonators. The system is designed to provide 6 MeV/a.m.u. ¹⁰⁷Ag starting with gas-stripped beam from the 14 UD, which is then foil-stripped before the LINAC. No major changes to the beam optics components will be required other than addition of a large bore rebuncher in the middle of the 180° achromat. Models of the two- and three-stub resonators have been built and optimized for the goal frequency, for the separation of accelerating and other modes as well as for the minimization of the current in the demountable joints. A copper prototype has been constructed and is being plated with PbSn for cold testing.     

LHC accelerator R&D and upgrade scenarios

The European Physical Journal C - I report the results of a CERN task force set up to investigate a possible staged upgrade of the LHC and of its injectors, with a view to increasing the machine...     

The upgrade of the kinematic separator VASSILISSA—experimental results and plans

Within the past twelve years, the recoil separator VASSILISSA has been used for the investigations of evaporation residues produced in heavy-ion-induced complete fusion reactions. In the course of the experimental work, fourteen new isotopes have been identified by the parent-daughter correlations in the region of elements with 92≤Z≤94. The study of the decay properties and formation cross sections of the isotopes of elements 110, 112, and 114 was performed using high-intensity ⁴⁸Ca beams and ²³²Th, ²³⁸U, and ²⁴²Pu targets. At the beam energies corresponding to the calculated cross-section maxima of the 3n evaporation channels, the isotopes ²⁷⁷110, ²⁸³112, and ²⁸⁷114 were produced and identified. For further experiments aimed at the synthesis of the superheavy element isotopes (Z≥110) with the use of intensive ⁴⁸Ca extracted beams, improvements in the ion optical system of the separator and the focal plane detector system have been made.     

Clock auto-synchronization method for BESIII ETOF upgrade

An automatic clock synchronization method implemented in a field programmable gate array(FPGA)is proposed in this paper.It is developed for the clock system which will be applied in the end-cap time of flight(ETOF) upgrade of the Beijing Spectrometer(BESIII).In this design,an FPGA is used to automatically monitor the synchronization circuit and deal with signals coming from the external clock synchronization circuit.By testing different delay time of the detection signal and analyzing the signal state returned,the synchronization windows can be found automatically by the FPGA.The new clock system not only retains low clock jitter which is less than 20 ps root mean square(RMS),but also demonstrates automatic synchronization to the beam bunches.So far,the clock auto-synchronizing function has been working successfully under a series of tests.It will greatly simplify the system initialization and maintenance in the future.     

Heavy Higgs bosons at the LHC upgrade

We evaluate the discovery potential for the heavy Higgs bosons at the LHC energy upgrade with \begin{document}$\sqrt{s}=27$\end{document} TeV. We assume the degenerate mass spectrum and an approximate alignment limit in the Type-II Two Higgs Doublet Model for illustration. We explore the observability of the heavy neutral Higgs bosons by examining the clean signals from \begin{document}$H^0\to W^+W^-, ZZ$\end{document} via gluon-gluon fusion production. The associated production of a top quark and a charged Higgs boson via \begin{document}$gb\to t H^\pm$\end{document} is adopted to predict the discovery potential of heavy charged Higgses. We also emphasize the potential importance of the electroweak production of Higgs boson pairs, i.e. \begin{document}$pp\to W^\ast \to H^\pm A^0$\end{document} and \begin{document}$pp\to Z^\ast/\gamma^\ast \to H^+ H^-$\end{document}. These are only governed by pure electroweak gauge couplings and can provide complementary information to the conventional signals in the determination of the nature of the Higgs sector.     

A sixteen-channel multiplexing upgrade for single channel receivers

With the increasing interest in phased arrays in magnetic resonance imaging, imaging system receivers capable of acquiring larger number of parallel signals are needed. Suggested techniques for rapid imaging propose the use of arrays with as many as 128 elements. While simply duplicating the number of receiver chains as needed is a viable technique, it quickly becomes both cumbersome and expensive.Time domain multiplexing offers an alternative solution to this problem. By using RF multiplexing switches, a single receiver can be upgraded to an array receiver capable of multi-channel data acquisition giving users array capability. Additionally, it can be used to dramatically increase acquisition capability of multiple receiver systems.This paper reports results from a multiplexing system upgrade, which converts a single channel standard clinical imaging system to a 16-channel array system. The upgrade includes both the RF multiplexing front-end and an external data acquisition system with image processing capability. Issues concerning the implementation of high channel-count multiplexers are also discussed.     

钢中化学元素的X－射线荧光光谱分析

本文叙述合金钢中１５种元素的Ｘ射线荧光光谱快速定量分析方法。用Ｘ４０软件中的ＰＨ模式进行共存元素间的谱线重叠和基体吸收－增强效应的校正。对于合金中的微量重元素如Ｃｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｎｂ，Ｗ和Ｎｉ以０．０６５ｎｍ处的散射背景为内标局部补偿样品表面结构、仪器波动和基体效应等因素造成的影响。所得分析结果满足生产要求。     

Studies on BEPC upgrade from pretzel to double-ring

Physics opportunity in the charm and τ energy region calls for higher luminosity of the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC).The BEPC has experienced continuous improvement since its completion in 1988.BEPCII,as a major upgrading project of the BEPC,aims at enhancing its luminosity of factor 30–100,following the principle of one machine,two purposes as adopted in BEPC,so that both high energy physics and synchrotron radiation experiments can be carried out with BEPCII.From the BEPC to BEPCII,the double-ring scheme with multi-bunch e +-e-collision in the large crossing angle was studied in comparison with the single-ring pretzel scheme.For the dedicated synchrotron radiation operation,artful bridges are designed to connect two halves of the outer ring in both the southern and the northern crossing regions.This paper reviews the studies on the BEPC upgrade from pretzel to double-ring structure of BEPCII.     

The electron-hole-liquid in 15R-SiC

The observation of an electron-hole-liquid in a semiconductor with rhombohedral structure — the multivalleyed, polar material 15R-SiC — is reported from a study of excitation dependent and time delayed spectra. The EHL lifetime is found to be < 15 nsec from which a density > 1.8 × 10¹⁹ cm^?3 and a critical temperature > 60 K are estimated. The EHL binding energy is found to be 20±5 meV.