Stability and Spectral Properties of General Tree-Shaped Wave Networks with Variable Coefficients

The stability of general tree-shaped wave networks with variable coefficients under boundary feedback controls is considered. Making full use of the tree-shaped structures, we present a detailed asymptotic spectral analysis of the networks. By proposing the from-root-to-leaf calculating technique, we deduce an explicit recursive expression for the asymptotic characteristic equation and the spectral properties are further obtained. We show that the spectrum-determined-growth (SDG) condition holds. Thus the stability analysis of the closed-loop system can be completely converted to the infimum estimation of the asymptotic characteristic equation. Especially, we further show that the infimum is positive so as to obtain the exponential stability by estimating the recursive expression in from-leaf-to-root order. Some numerical simulations are presented to illustrate and support the theoretical results.

     

Stability estimate for a multidimensional inverse spectral problem with partial spectral data

In Bellassoued, Choulli and Yamamoto (2009) [4] we proved a log-log type stability estimate for a multidimensional inverse spectral problem with partial spectral data for a Schrödinger operator, provided that the potential is known in a small neighbourhood of the boundary of the domain. In the present paper we discuss the same inverse problem. We show a log type stability estimate under an additional condition on potentials in terms of their X-ray transform. In proving our result, we follow the same method as in Alessandrini and Sylvester (1990) [1] and Bellassoued, Choulli and Yamamoto (2009) [4]. That is we relate the stability estimate for our inverse spectral problem to a stability estimate for an inverse problem consisting in the determination of the potential in a wave equation from a local Dirichlet to Neumann map (DN map in short).     

Linear stability and positivity results for a generalized size-structured Daphnia model with inflow§

We employ semigroup and spectral methods to analyze the linear stability of positive stationary solutions of a generalized size-structured Daphnia model. Using the regularity properties of the governing semigroup, we are able to formulate a general stability condition, which permits an intuitively clear interpretation in a special case of model ingredients. Moreover, we derive a comprehensive instability criterion that reduces to an elegant instability condition for the classical Daphnia population model in terms of the inherent net reproduction rate of Daphnia individuals.     

Rigorous Justification of the Whitham Modulation Equations for the Generalized Korteweg–de Vries Equation

In this paper, we consider the spectral stability of spatially periodic traveling wave solutions of the generalized Korteweg–de Vries equation to long‐wavelength perturbations. Specifically, we extend the work of Bronski and Johnson by demonstrating that the homogenized system describing the mean behavior of a slow modulation (WKB) approximation of the solution correctly describes the linearized dispersion relation near zero frequency of the linearized equations about the background periodic wave. The latter has been shown by rigorous Evans function techniques to control the spectral stability near the origin, that is, stability to slow modulations of the underlying solution. In particular, through our derivation of the WKB approximation we generalize the modulation expansion of Whitham for the KdV to a more general class of equations which admit periodic waves with nonzero mean. As a consequence, we will show that, assuming a particular nondegeneracy condition, spectral stability near the origin is equivalent with the local well‐posedness of the Whitham system.     

Hyperbolic boundary value problems for symmetric systems with variable multiplicities

We extend the Kreiss-Majda theory of stability of hyperbolic initial-boundary-value and shock problems to a class of systems, notably including the equations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), for which Majda's block structure condition does not hold: namely, simultaneously symmetrizable systems with characteristics of variable multiplicity, satisfying at points of variable multiplicity either a “totally nonglancing” or a “nonglancing and linearly splitting” condition. At the same time, we give a simple characterization of the block structure condition as “geometric regularity” of characteristics, defined as analyticity of associated eigenprojections. The totally nonglancing or nonglancing and linearly splitting conditions are generically satisfied in the simplest case of crossings of two characteristics, and likewise for our main physical examples of MHD or Maxwell equations for a crystal. Together with previous analyses of spectral stability carried out by Gardner-Kruskal and Blokhin-Trakhinin, this yields immediately a number of new results of nonlinear inviscid stability of shock waves in MHD in the cases of parallel or transverse magnetic field, and recovers the sole previous nonlinear result, obtained by Blokhin-Trakhinin by direct “dissipative integral” methods, of stability in the zero-magnetic field limit. We also discuss extensions to the viscous case.     

Stability of Semilinear Delay Equations with Positive Solutions

We prove stability for a semilinear delay equation, whose nonlinearity is majorized by a linear positive operator. The key ingredients are a spectral condition, positivity of solutions to the linear problem, and lattice properties of the Banach space.     

Inverse problem for an equation of parabolic-hyperbolic type with a nonlocal boundary condition

For an equation of the parabolic-hyperbolic type, we consider an inverse problem with a nonlocal condition relating solution derivatives that belong to different types of the equation in question. We justify a uniqueness criterion and prove the existence of a solution of the problem by the spectral analysis method. We prove the stability of the solution with respect to the nonlocal boundary condition.     

Differential equations in spaces of compact operators

We study a system of differential equations in C(H), the space of all compact operators on a separable complex Hilbert space, H. The systems considered are infinite-dimensional generalizations of mathematical models of learning, implementable as artificial neural networks. In this new setting, in addition to the usual questions of existence and uniqueness of solutions, we discuss issues which are operator theoretic in nature. Under some restrictions on the initial condition, we explicitly solve the system and represent the solution in terms of the spectral representation of the initial condition. We also discuss the stability of those solutions, and describe the weak, strong, and uniform limit sets in terms of their respective spectral properties.     

On stability of Alfvén discontinuities

We study Alfvén discontinuities for the equations of ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The Alfvén discontinuity is a characteristic discontinuity for the hyperbolic system of the MHD equations but, as for shock waves, the gas crosses its front. By numerical testing of the Lopatinskii condition, we carry out spectral stability analysis, i.e. we find the parameter domains of stability and violent instability of planar Alfvén discontinuities. We also show that Alfvén discontinuities can be only weakly stable in the sense that the uniform Lopatinskii condition is never satisfied. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic behavior of a heat equation with memory

This paper addresses the spectrum‐determined growth condition for a heat equation with exponential polynomial kernel memory. By introducing some new variables, the time‐variant system is transformed into a time‐invariant one. The detailed spectral analysis is presented. It is shown that the system demonstrates the property of hyperbolic equation that all eigenvalues approach a line that is parallel to the imaginary axis. The residual spectral set is shown to be empty and the set of continuous spectrum is exactly characterized. The main result is the spectrum‐determined growth condition that is one of the most difficult problems for infinite‐dimensional systems. Consequently, a strong exponential stability result is concluded. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Necessary conditions for the stability of difference schemes

For difference equations of the form uⁿ⁺=Auⁿ+f ⁿh, n ≤ T/h the necessary condition for stability due to von Neumann is well known; this condition is expressed in terms of the spectrum of the operator A: r(A)≤1+ch. In this note, for a certain class of difference equations, we express this condition in terms of the spectral radius of the symbol of the operator A.     

一类交叉扩散系统的定态解的分歧分析及稳定性

利用Liapunov-Schmidt方法证明了一类交叉扩散系统的发自平凡解的非平凡正定态解的存在性,并利用谱分析方法得到关于这个分歧解的稳定性的一个条件。     

Fourier spectral approximation to long-time behavior of three dimensional Ginzburg-Landau type equation*

In this paper, we consider a three dimensional Ginzburg–Landau type equation with a periodic initial value condition. A fully discrete Galerkin–Fourier spectral approximation scheme is constructed, and then the dynamical properties of the discrete system are analyzed. First, the existence and convergence of global attractors of the discrete system are proved by a priori estimates and error estimates of the discrete solution, and the numerical stability and convergence of the discrete scheme are proved. Furthermore, the long-time convergence and stability of the discrete scheme are proved. *This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.: 10432010 and 10571010)     

Pointwise Green function bounds and stability of combustion waves

Generalizing similar results for viscous shock and relaxation waves, we establish sharp pointwise Green function bounds and linearized and nonlinear stability for traveling wave solutions of an abstract viscous combustion model including both Majda's model and the full reacting compressible Navier-Stokes equations with artificial viscosity with general multi-species reaction and reaction-dependent equation of state, under the necessary conditions of strong spectral stability, i.e., stable point spectrum of the linearized operator about the wave, transversality of the profile as a connection in the traveling-wave ODE, and hyperbolic stability of the associated Chapman-Jouguet (square-wave) approximation. Notably, our results apply to combustion waves of any type: weak or strong, detonations or deflagrations, reducing the study of stability to verification of a readily numerically checkable Evans function condition. Together with spectral results of Lyng and Zumbrun, this gives immediately stability of small-amplitude strong detonations in the small heat-release (i.e., fluid-dynamical) limit, simplifying and greatly extending previous results obtained by energy methods by Liu-Ying and Tesei-Tan for Majda's model and the reactive Navier-Stokes equations, respectively.     

On a nonlocal problem for a degenerating parabolic-hyperbolic equation

For an equation of mixed type in a rectangular domain, we use spectral analysis to establish a uniqueness criterion for the solution of a problem with a nonlocal condition relating the values of the unknown solution that belong to different types of the considered equation. We prove the stability of the solution with respect to the nonlocal condition.     

Global exponential stability of impulsive fuzzy cellular neural networks with mixed delays and reaction-diffusion terms

In this paper, the global exponential stability of impulsive fuzzy cellular neural networks with mixed delays and reaction-diffusion terms is considered. By establishing an integro-differential inequality with impulsive initial condition and using the properties of M-cone and eigenspace of the spectral radius of nonnegative matrices, several new sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the global exponential stability of the equilibrium point for fuzzy cellular neural networks with delays and reaction-diffusion terms. These results extend and improve the earlier publications. Two examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the obtained results.     

Study on vibration and stability of an axially translating viscoelastic Timoshenko beam: Non-transforming spectral element analysis

Engineering systems, such as rolled steel beams, chain and belt drives and high-speed paper, can be modeled as axially translating beams. This article scrutinizes vibration and stability of an axially translating viscoelastic Timoshenko beam constrained by simple supports and subjected to axial pretension. The viscoelastic form of general rheological model is adopted to constitute the material of the beam. The partial differential equations governing transverse motion of the beam are derived from the extended form of Hamilton's principle. The non-transforming spectral element method (NTSEM) is applied to transform the governing equations into a set of ordinary differential equations. The formulation is similar to conventional FFT-based spectral element model except that Daubechies wavelet basis functions are used for temporal discretization. Influences of translating velocities, axial tensile force, viscoelastic parameter, shear deformation, beam model and boundary condition types are investigated on the underlying dynamic response and stability via the NTSEM and demonstrated via numerical simulations.     

Generalized joint spectral radius and stability of switching systems

This paper extends the notion of generalized joint spectral radius with exponents, originally defined for a finite set of matrices, to probability distributions. We show that, under a certain invariance condition, the radius is calculated as the spectral radius of a matrix that can be easily computed, extending the classical counterpart. Using this result we investigate the mean stability of switching systems. In particular we establish the equivalence of mean square stability, simultaneous contractibility in square mean, and the existence of a quadratic Lyapunov function. Also the stabilization of positive switching systems is studied. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.     

Stability, Convergence, and Conditioning of Stationary Iterative Methods of the Form x(I+1)=Px(I)+q for the Solution of Linear Systems

A statistical approach to the study of the stability of a stationaryiterative method for solving a linear system x=Px+q is studied.An asymptotic stability factor is introduced. The relationsbetween this stability measure, the spectral radius of the iterationmatrix, and the condition number of the system are studied.The special case when the iteration matrix is normal is treatedseparately from the general one. For iteration matrices thatare normal, the following logical implications are found: large condition number large asymptotic stability factor poorconvergence. In the general case, a large asymptotic stability factor doesnot imply poor convergence, i.e.: large condition number large asymptotic stability factor poorconvergence.     

The construction of some efficient preconditioners in the boundary element method

The discretization of first kind boundary integral equations leads in general to a dense system of linear equations, whose spectral condition number depends on the discretization used. Here we describe a general preconditioning technique based on a boundary integral operator of opposite order. The corresponding spectral equivalence inequalities are independent of the special discretization used, i.e., independent of the triangulations and of the trial functions. Since the proposed preconditioning form involves a (pseudo)inverse operator, one needs for its discretization only a stability condition for obtaining a spectrally equivalent approximation. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.