Structure of dichloroethanolaminecopper(II) and dibromoethanolaminecopper(II)

CuCl₂(NH₂CH₂CH₂OH) is monoclinic, space group C2/c, witha+11.092(2),b+10.012(2),c+6.401(1) Å, =121.71(1)°, andV=604.8(2)ų withZ+4. The structure was refined to a final value ofR+0.27 for 518 unique observed reflections with |F|>3. The ethanolamine and halide ions coordinate to the copper(II) ion forming a pseudoplanar four-coordinate monomeric CuCl₂L² complex (L²+bidentate ligand). The copper ion also interacts with the halides of neighboring complexes through the formation of semi-coordinate Cu-Cl linkages (2.926(1) Å) between oligomers. The copper thus attains a 4+2 elongated octahedral coordination geometry. In this space group, the ligand is statisticallydisordered The Cu-Cl distance is 2.267(1)Å while the Cu-N/O distances are 2.025(2)Å. The dibromide structure is isomorphous with the dichloride structure, with space group C2/c, anda+11.285(2),b+10.218(2),c+6.715(1) Å, =121.65(1)°, andV=659.2(2)ų.     

Cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes ofN-protected amino acids. Crystal and molecular structure of bis (N-acetylglycinato)tetraaquocobalt(II)

Binary complexes of formula [M(II)(acgly)₂(H₂O)₄] (M(II)=Co(II), Ni(II), acgly=N-acetylglycinate ion) were synthesized, and for the Co(II) complex the crystal and molecular structure was determined. The crystals are monoclinic, space groupP2₁/c,a=4.838(1),b=10.785(2),c=14.340(6) Å,=96.96(2)°,Z=2. The structure was solved by the heavy-atom method and refined through full-matrix least-squares calculations toR=0.0394 for 1069 observed reflections. The coordination around the cobalt atom is slightly elongated octahedral arising from one carboxylate oxygen of each of the two centrosymmetrically related monodentateN-acetylglycinate anions and four water molecules.     

Metal-betaine interactions. II. Crystal structures of catena-dichloro(betaine)cadmium(II) and dimeric diaquabis(betaine)tetrachlorodicadmium(II)

Two cadmium(II) complexes of betaine (BET) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. [Cd(BET) (–Cl)₂] (1), is a one-dimensional polymer in which each cadmium atom is coordinated by two pairs of bridging chlorine atoms [Cd-Cl=2.631(2), 2.614(2) Å] and two oxygen atoms from different bridging carboxylate groups [Cd-O=2.291(6), 2.329(6) Å] in the form of a compressed octahedron. [Cd(BET)(H₂O)Cl(–Cl)]₂ (2) is a dimer with each cadmium atom in a distorted octahedral coordination environment, being surrounded by a chelating bidentate carboxylate group [2.480(2), 2.332(3) Å], one aqua ligand [2.364(3) Å], two bridging chlorine atoms [2.659(1), 2.557(1) Å], and one terminal chlorine atom [2.480(1) Å].     

Synthesis and structural characterization of dihexamethylenetetraminetetraaquocobalt(II) hexaaquocobalt(II) sulfate hexahydrate

The synthesis and crystal structure of a new three dimensional cobalt(II) complex [Co(C₆H₁₂N₄)₂(H₂O)₄Co(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂.6H₂O are reported. It crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with a = 13.394(3), b = 16.077(3), c = 9.282(2) Å, = 89.71(2), = 90.42(2), = 114.02(2)°, V = 1825.6(7)ų and Z = 2. The structure is comprised of [Co(C₆H₁₂N₄)₂ (H₂O)₄Co(H₂O)₆][SO₄]₂ units and H₂O molecules. Two molecules of ligand and four molecules of water chelate one type of Co^II in an octahedral fashion through two N and four O atoms: the four O atoms form the equatorial plane and the two N atoms occupy the apical positions. The other type of Co^II cation is chelated by six water molecules.     

Crystal and molecular structures oftrans-dichloro-(ethylene) (4-methylpyridine)platinum(II) andtrans-dichloro(ethylene) (2,4,6-trimethylpyridine)platinum(II)

The crystal and molecular structures oftrans-[PtCl₂(C₂H₄)(4-MeC₅H₄N)] (I) andtrans-[PtCl₂(C₂H₄)(2,4,6-Me₃C₅H₂N)] (II) have been determined by single-crystal x-ray methods.I crystallizes in space groupP2₁/c witha= 4.991(1), b=21.658(3), c=10.675(3) Å, =110.17(2) °,Z=4;II is orthorhombic (Pbca) witha=10.295(6),b=12.393(8),c=20.370(10) Å,Z=8.Full-matrix least-squares refinements have given finalR factors of 0.053 (1520 reflections) forI and 0.042. (1412 reflections) forII. The intensities were recorded by counter methods, and only those reflections havingI>3(I) were used in the analyses.In both complexes, platinum is four-coordinate with the two chlorine atoms, the double bond of the ethylene, and the nitrogen atom of the substituted pyridine. The two structures are discussed in terms of the arrangement of the pyridine ligand with respect to the PtCl₂(C₂H₄) moiety.     

Crystal structures of isomorphous cadmium(II) and lead(II) oxalate trihydrates

The isomorphous cadmium(II) oxalate trihydrate (I) and lead(II) oxalate trihydrate (II) crystals belong to space groupP¯1 withZ=2. The crystallographic parameters for compoundI are:a=6.006(1),b=6.663(1),c=8.497(1)Å,a=74.76(1),=74.39(1), =80.94(1)°, andR=0.028 for 2643 observed MoK reflections; forII:a=6.008(1),b=6.671(1),c=8.493(1)Å,a=74.70(1),=74.33(1), =80.98(1)°, andR=0.065 for 4536 reflections. In the crystal structure, the metal atom is surrounded by seven oxygen atoms (including two aqua ligands) in the form of a distorted pentagonal bipyramid. The coordination polyhedra are interconnected through bridging oxalate groups to form a thick layer matching the (020) plane. Adjacent layers are further linked by hydrogen bonds involving both ligand and lattice water molecules to generate a three-dimensional network.On leave from Central Laboratory, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.     

Nickel(II) and cobalt(II) nitrate and chloride networks with 2-aminopyrimidine

The coordination chemistry of 2-aminopyrimidine (PymNH₂) with nickel(II) and cobalt(II) nitrate and chloride is reported, including seven new X-ray crystal structures. Two [Ni(NO₃)₂(PymNH₂)₂(OH₂)] isomers were found (A: C2/c, a=13.3006(5), b=7.9727(3), c=28.5453(11), β=101.758(2), V=2963.48(19), Z=8 and B·1/2 acetone: P2₁/c, a=7.66060(10), b=10.6792(2), c=20.6790(3), β=100.2970(10), 1664.48(5), Z=4). In both cases one nitrate is monodentate and the other is chelating and the PymNH₂ ligands coordinate through ring nitrogen atoms. Hydrogen bonding results in double sheet structure for isomer A, and a three dimensional channeled network for isomer B. [Co(NO₃)₂(PymNH₂)₂(OH₂)] (C2/c, a=13.3507(2), b=7.99520(10), c=28.6734(3), β=102.3540(10), V=2989.77(7), Z=8) is isostructural to Ni isomer A. [CoCl₂(PymNH₂)] (Cmcm, a=3.6139(2), b=14.3170(7), c=12.9986(7), V=672.55(6), Z=4) is a sheet coordination network, consisting of corner-sharing chains of Co₂(μ-Cl)₂ bridged by PymNH₂ through ring nitrogen atoms; [CoCl₂(PymNH₂)₂] (C2/c, a=11.2774(6), b=6.5947(4), c=16.5687(9), β=92.269(3), V=1231.27(12), Z=4) is a tetrahedral molecule knit into a ribbon structures through pairs of hydrogen bonds. Isostructural trans-[NiCl₂(PymNH₂)₄] (C2/c, a=7.67760(10), b=18.7224(3), c=15.0418(2), β=99.6740(10), V=2131.41(5), Z=4) and trans-[CoCl₂(PymNH₂)₄] (C2/c, a=7.69120(10), b=18.5957(2), c=15.1091(2), β=99.5280(10), V=2131.14(5), Z=4) are simple octahedral molecules, with hydrogen-bonding producing sheet structures.     

Crystal and molecular structures of trans-bis(acetonitrile)bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) perchlorate and trans-diamminebis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) perchlorate

The structures of trans-[(MeCN)₂(bpy)₂Ru](ClO₄)₂(I) andtrans-[(NH₃)₂(bpy)₂Ru](ClO₄)₂(II) have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. (I) forms monoclinic crystals in the space groupP2₁/c witha=8.399(2),b=10.406(2),c=15.590(3) Å,=93.78(2)° andZ=2 atT=293 K. The final refinement gaveR=0.040 for 2448 reflections withF _o ² >3(F _o ² ). (II) crystallizes in the triclinic space groupP¯1 witha=1.702(1),b=8.439(2),c=10.525(2) Å,=107.56(2),=104.63(1), =100.89(2)° andZ=1 atT=293 K. Refinement using 1878 reflections withF _o ² >3(F _o ² ) produced a finalR value of 0.036. Both of these structures have the ruthenium atom located on a crystallographic inversion center. The bipyridine ligands in both structures are in the bowed conformation as a means of circumventing the steric problems associated with the trans arrangement of the bipyridine ligands. The Ru-N(monodentate) distance is longer for the ammonia complex (2.106(3) Å) than for the acetonitrile complex (2.008(4) Å); there are no significant differences in the distances and angles of the two Ru(bpy)₂ frameworks.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of thiosemicarbazide complexes of nickel(II) and copper(II)

Thiosemicarbazide complexes of nickel(II) [Ni(TSC)₂](HSal)₂ (I) and copper(II) [Cu(TSC)₂](HSal)₂ (Ia) (TSC is thiosemicarbazide and HSal is a salycilate anion), as well as complexes [Ni(TSC)₂](SO₄) · 2H₂O (II) and [Ni(TSC)₃]Cl₂ · H₂O (III), are synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Monoclinic crystals I and Ia are isostructural; space group P2₁/n, Z = 2. Crystals II are monoclinic, space group P2₁/m, Z = 2. Crystals III are orthorhombic, space group Pbca, Z = 8. In I and Ia, two planar salycilate anions sandwich a planar centrosymmetric [Ni(TSC)₂]²⁺ cation to form a supermolecule. The cation and anions are additionally bound by hydrogen bonds. Other hydrogen bonds connect supermolecules into planar layers. In structure II, centrosymmetric [Ni(TSC)₂]²⁺ cations are connected by ??-stacking interactions into supramolecular ensembles of a specific type. The ensembles, water molecules, and (SO₄)^2? anions are bound in the crystal via hydrogen bonds. In the [Ni(TSC)₃]²⁺ cation of structure III, ligands coordinate the Ni atom by the bidentate chelate pattern with the formation of five-membered metallocycles. These metallocycles have an envelope conformation unlike those in I and II, which are planar. In III (unlike in analogous complexes), a meridional isomer of the coordination octahedron of the Ni atom is formed. Together with Cl1^? and Cl2^? anions, cations form supermolecules, which are packed into planar layers with a square-cellular structure. The layers are linked by hydrogen bonds formed by crystallization water molecules that are located between the layers.     

Growth and characterization of diaquatetrakis (thiocyanato) cobalt (II) mercury (II) N-methyl-2-pyrolidone (CMTWMP) single crystals

Single crystals of diaquatetrakis (thiocyanato) cobalt (II) mercury (II) N-methyl-2-pyrolidone, (CoHg(SCN)₄·(H₂O)₂·2(C₃H₆CONCH₃) (abbreviated as CMTWMP) were grown using slow solvent evaporation technique. The structure of the grown crystals was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The optical properties of the crystals were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–Vis–NIR transmission spectra. The grown crystals of CMTWMP were also subjected to dielectric, photoconductivity, thermal and microhardness studies. The photoconductivity study of CMTWMP confirms the electrochromism behaviour in the sample. The SHG efficiency of the sample was measured by Kurtz and Perry powder technique and its value is almost comparable with KDP.     

Structures of bis(N-n-butylsalicylideneiminato)cobalt(II) and bis(N-tert-butylsalicylideneiminato)cobalt(II) complexes and reactivity towards oxygen and nitric oxide

The cobalt(II)-Schiff base complexes [Co(nbsal)₂] and [Co(tbsal)₂] [nbsal=N-n-butylsalicylideneiminate and tbsal=N-tert-butysalicylideneiminate,o-OC₆H₄CH=NR,R+Buⁿ and Bu^t, respectively] both have distorted tetrahedral structures, but the presence of thetert-butyl groups in [Co(tbsal)₂] causes much greater angular distortion, of the coordination tetrahedron. Although [Co(nbsal)₂] will react with nitric oxide and oxygen, [Co(tbsal)₂] reacts with neither and this appears to be due to the shielding of the cobalt by thetert-vutyl groups. The reactive complex [Co(nbsal)₂] crystallizes in the tetragonal system,a+14.244,c+5.395, Å,Z+2 and space group $P\bar 4$ . The structure was determined by the heavy-atom method, using MoKα diffractometer data, and refined by full matrix least-squares toR+0.035 for 777 reflections. The unreactive complex [Co(tbsal)₂] crystallizes in the orthorhombic systemPbc2₁,a+10.977,b+20.037,c+9.866 Å,Z+4. The structure was determined as above toR+0.051 for 1458 reflections.     

Synthetic and structural studies of the trans bis(2-N-H-pyrrolylcarbaldimine) complexes of nickel(II) and palladium(II)

The molecular bis(2-N-H-pyrrolylcarbaldimine)nickel(II) and palladium(II) complexes are isolated in moderate yield (30–35%) from in situ assembly of the Schiff base with metal(II) salt, base, and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde in aqueous ammonia solution. The nickel(II) complex, 1, is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c, with a=11.289(6) ?, b=5.611(3) ?, c=8.287(5) ?, β=111.620(6)°, and V=488.0(5) ?³ with Z=2, for d _calc=1.667 Mg/m³. The palladium analog, 2, is isomorphous, space group P2₁/c, with a=11.481(3) ?, b=5.5738(10) ?, c=8.276(2) ?, β=110.923(12)°, and V=494.7(2) ?³ with Z=2, for d _calc=1.965 Mg/m³. In both crystal structures, the metal resides on an inversion center. In the IR spectra, ν(C=N) appears at 1561 cm⁻¹ in 1, and 1557 cm⁻¹ in 2, while ν(N–H) shows at 3345 cm⁻¹ and 3335 cm⁻¹, respectively. The ¹H-nmr spectra reveal the C–H and N–H protons of the imine group as sharp and broad doublets, respectively, at 7.62 and 8.38 δ in 1 and at 7.92 and 9.73 δ in 2.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of Mn(II) and Zn(II) complexes with 1,3,5-tris(carboxymethoxyl)benzene ligand

Two complexes (H₂bipy)[M₂(TB)₂(H₂O)₈]·5H₂O (M = Mn 1, Zn 2) (bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, H₃TB = 1,3,5-tris(carboxymethoxyl)benzene) were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding metal salt with ligand H₃TB and 4,4′-bipy in an aqueous methanol solution at room temperature, respectively. Their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Both complexes 1 and 2 crystallize in the triclinic space group with the crystal parameters of 1: a = 9.725(12) ?, b = 10.651(13) ?, c = 10.882(13) ?, α = 91.72(2)°, β = 96.41(2)°, γ = 97.72(2)°, V = 1109(2) ?³, Z = 1 and 2: a = 9.610(10) ?, b = 10.55(2) ?, c = 10.83(2) ?, α = 91.60(4)°, β = 95.32(2)°, γ = 97.73(4)°, V = 1082(3) ?³, Z = 1. Complexes 1 and 2 have the same dinuclear structure, in which each metal atom is six coordinated with distorted octahedral geometry by two oxygen atoms from two different TB³⁻ ligands and four ones from four coordinated water molecules. The dinuclear units are further linked by hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions to form the three-dimensional framework structure.     

Crystal structures of copper(II) nitrate,copper(II) chloride,and copper(II) perchlorate complexes with 2-formylpyridine semicarbazone

Compounds dinitrato(2-formylpyridinesemicarbazone)copper (I), dichloro(2-formylpyridinesemicarbazone) copper hemihydrate (II), and bis(2-formylpyridinesemicarbazone)copper(2+) perchlorate hydrate (III) are synthesized and their crystal structures are determined. In compounds I–III, the neutral 2-formylpyridine semicarbazone molecule (L) is tridentately attached to the copper atom via the N,N,O set of donor atoms. In compounds I and II, the Cu: L ratio is equal to 1: 1, whereas, in III, it is 1: 2. In complex I, the coordination sphere of the copper atom includes two nitrate ions with different structural functions in addition to the L ligand. The structure is built as a one-dimensional polymer in which the NO₃ bidentate group fulfills a bridging function. The coordination polyhedron of the copper(2+) atom can be considered a distorted tetragonal bipyramid (4 + 1 + 1). Compound II has an ionic structure in which the main element is the [CuLCl₂ · Cu(H₂O)LCl]⁺ dimer. In the dimer, the copper atoms are linked via one of the μ₂-bridging chlorine atoms. The coordination polyhedra of the central atoms of the Cu(H₂)LCl and CuLCl₂ complex fragments are tetragonal bipyramid and tetragonal pyramid, respectively. In compound III, the copper atom is octahedrally surrounded by two L ligands in the mer configuration.     

Growth and Characterisation of Gel-grown Lead(II)Chloride and Lead(II)Bromide Single Crystals

Single crystals of pure and doped lead(II)chloride and lead(II)bromide were grown by gel technique employing a modified two-stage chemical reaction. Methods to minimise the predomination of needle morphology during the growth of these crystals have been investigated and the results are discussed. The grown crystals were characterised by optical transmission spectrum. Undoped and monovalent cation (K⁺, Na⁺, Cu⁺, Ag⁺ and Hg⁺) doped crystals of PbCl₂ and PbBr₂ were subjected to d.c. electrical conductivity studies. Using the log σT versus T⁻¹ plot, the activation energies for the migration of anion vacancies in lead(II)halides are calculated. They are found to be less for the doped crystals than those of undoped ones.     

Crystal and molecular structure of palladium(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of 1-methyl-3-(4-methyl)phenyltriazen-1-oxide

The structures of palladium(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) bis(chelates) of 1-methyl-3-(4-methyl)phenyltriazen-1-oxide have been determined by single-crystal X-ray methods. The crystals of [Pd(OMeN₃C₆H₄Me-4)₂] (I) are triclinic witha=7.410(3),b=7.806(3),c=8.371(2) Å, =65.80(2), =88.73(3), =81.04(3)°,Z=1, space group . The crystals of [Cu(OMeN₃C₆H₄Me-4)₂] (II) are monoclinic,a=14.934(5),b=10.111(4),c=11.762(3) Å, =96.00(2)°,Z=4, space group P2₁/c. The crystals of [Zn(OMeN₃C₆H₄Me-4)₂] (III) are triclinic witha=7.912(2),b=10.056(2),c=11.600(2) Å, =87.31(3), =74.96(3), =74.02(3)°,Z=2, space group . The structures of (I), (II), and (III) were solved to final values ofR=0.029, 0.043 and 0.034, respectively. A planar structure has been found for (I), (II) exhibits a tetrahedrally distorted square planar structure, whereas (III) is tetrahedral. The crystals of all three complexes are held by networks of stacking interactions.     

Crystal structures of copper(II) chloride,copper(II) bromide,and copper(II) nitrate complexes with pyridine-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone

The crystal structures of chloro-(2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazono)copper dimethyl sulfoxide solvate (I), bromo-(2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazono)copper (II), and (2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazono)copper(II) nitrate dimethyl sulfoxide solvate (III) are determined using X-ray diffraction. In the crystals, complexes I and II form centrosymmetric dimers in which the thiosemicarbazone sulfur atom serves as a bridge and occupies the fifth coordination site of the copper atom of the neighboring complex related to the initial complex through the center of symmetry. In both cases, the coordination polyhedron of the complexing ion is a distorted tetragonal bipyramid. Complex III in the crystal structure forms polymer chains in which the copper atom of one complex forms the coordination bond with the thicarbamide nitrogen atom of the neighboring complex. In this structure, the coordination polyhedron of the central atom is an elongated tetragonal bipyramid. It is established that complexes I–III at a concentration of 10^?5 mol/l selectively inhibit the growth of 60 to 90 percent of the cancer tumor cells of the human myeloid leukemia (HL-60).     

Crystal structures of bis(4-dimethylaminopyridinium) tetrachlorocobaltate(II) and bis-[1,3-di (ammoniummethyl)benzene]tetrachlorocobaltate(II)

The crystal structures consist of organoammonium cations hydrogen bonded to tetrahedral CoCl₄ ^2– anions. In the 4-dimethylaminopyridinium salt, [(CH₃)₂NC₅H₅NH]₂CoCl₄, pairs of cations hydrogen bond in an asymmetric fashion to two of the chlorines in each anion. The planar cations form two sets of – stacks, first parallel to the a axis and the second parallel to the b axis. The anions lie between these two nonintersecting sets of stacks. In contrast, for the second compound, [C₆H₄(CH₂NH₃)₂]CoCl₄, the tetrahedral CoCl₄ ^2– anions form layers lying parallel to the bc plane. The 1,3-di(ammoniummethyl)benzene cations crosslink adjacent anionic layers, forming a lamellar structure of alternating organic and inorganic layers.