ICP-AES测定粗银粉及银阳极板中Se、Sb等杂质元素

研究用ICP-AES同时测定粗银粉及银阳极板中Se、Sb、Te、Pb、Bi、Au、Fe、Cu和Pd杂质元素的方法.试验以酒石酸作掩蔽剂,突出解决了溶样过程中AgCl对杂质元素的吸附损失,确定了合适的分析线和折衷的仪器分析条件,9个被测元素的检出限为0.002～0.008μg/mL,相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.50%～3.6%,加标回收率为98.57%～100.5%,可用于粗银粉和银阳极板中杂质元素的测定.     

药物中元素杂质检测技术研究最新进展

元素杂质的控制一直是药物研发过程中的重要问题,某些元素杂质不仅会对药物的稳定性、保质期产生不利影响,还可能因为潜在的毒性引发药物副作用。欧盟和美国对元素杂质的控制越来越严格,USP232、USP233、ICH Q3D对元素杂质的分类和控制都提出了新的要求,中国于2017年6月加入ICH后对此项目的检测也应向国际靠拢,因此建立有效的检测方法尤其重要。该文从样品制备、元素杂质的快速筛查方法及仪器分析方法等方面介绍了近年来药物中元素杂质分析的最新进展,以期为药品中的元素杂质分析提供理论支持和技术参考。     

氮化硅粉中微量杂质金属的ICP-AES测定

本文论述了应用ICP-AES法测定氮化硅中微量杂质元素的分析技术,考察了样品处理及元素间相互干扰。采用板波模式超声雾化进样、去溶剂技术,ICP-AES法同时测定Si_3N_4中Al、Ca、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Mo、Sr、Ti、V和Zr十二种杂质元素。各元素相对标准偏差为2.5～9.8%,回收率为84～108%。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测氧化镓中杂质元素

建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定氧化镓中杂质元素的检测方法,采用微波消解技术溶样,以5 ng/mL Rh为内标补偿校正镓基体的抑制效应,采用碰撞室技术(CCT)消除多元素分子离子的干扰.方法的检出限为0.10～1.0 ng/mL,加标回收率在85%～110%之间,RSD为0.6%～7.1%.该方法能满足99.95%～99.995%氧化镓中杂质元素的分析要求.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定氟铍酸铵中的杂质元素

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定氟铍酸铵中的8种主要杂质元素。以超声辅助溶解样品,然后用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定氟铍酸铵中的钠、镁、铝、铬、铁、镍、铜、磷等8种杂质元素,8种元素线性相关系数均大于0.999,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.65%~1.55%(n=6),检出限在0.2~19.1μg/L之间,定量范围满足氟铍酸铵中8种杂质元素的限量要求。磷的加标回收率为76.7%,其余7种杂质元素的加标回收率在80.9%~95.1%之间,测量准确度满足分析要求。将电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行了比较,两种方法测定结果基本一致。     

用真空蒸馏法提纯金属钪的工艺及最佳化研究

在 15 5 0℃和 6 7× 10 - 3Pa实验条件下 ,测量了纯度为 99 9%的液态金属钪中Al ,Cu ,Cr ,Co ,Fe ,Ni,Si杂质元素的挥发系数αi。由此计算了这些杂质元素在该条件下的分离系数 βi 和活度系数γ0i,并从热力学角度分析了这些杂质元素与主体元素Sc的分离程度。然后给出了用真空蒸馏法制备高纯金属钪的新工艺 ,并对其提纯机制作了探讨。     

碱熔样-ICP-MS直接分析高纯稀土荧光粉中微量杂质元素

建立一种碱熔样-ICP-MS直接分析稀土荧光粉中微量杂质元素(非稀土杂质和稀土杂质元素)的新方法。此方法测定限达到：非稀土元素0.007-1.036μg/g,稀土元素0.001-0.057μg/g,精密度<10%。方法预处理简单、检出限低、重现性好,为高纯稀土荧光粉成品的质量控制提供了可靠地分析手段。     

溴化分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定高纯锡中的16种杂质元素

高纯锡样品经HCl和H2O2消解,HBr挥发分离,去除基体Sn,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定其中的16中杂质元素。通过溴化分离基体锡,有效克服了基体对所测杂质元素的干扰和对仪器进样系统的污染。在选定的实验条件下,方法检出限(3σ)介于0.001～0.004μg/g之间;相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.3%～5.6%;加标回收率在95.2%～103.6%范围内。本方法简单实用,能够满足纯度为99.99%和99.999%的高纯锡中16种杂质元素的测定要求。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定锡精矿中8种杂质元素

应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定锡精矿中钙、镁、铜、铅、锌、砷、锑、铋8种杂质元素。对锡精矿样品的分解方法进行了合理选择,并对测定时的元素分析谱线、基体及各测定元素间干扰情况等进行了讨论。采用硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸溶样,盐酸浸取。基体效应较小,各待测元素之间基本无干扰。测定结果与国家标准方法比对结果基本一致,相对标准偏差为1.3%~3.3%(n=11),方法加标回收率为96.0%~105%,能满足实际工作中准确、高效地分析锡精矿中杂质元素的需要。     

锡锭的直读光谱分析

应用直读原子发射光谱法分析了锡锭中9种杂质元素,对各元素的分析线及测定的分析参数,包括试样制备的要求,校正曲线的拟合等进行了试验及优化。此方法的特点是试样制备较简单,且避免了污染。各元素的检出限在0.000 9~6 mg.kg-1之间。RSD值在1.76%~9.09%之间,应用此方法分析了两件标准样品中各8种杂质元素,所得结果与证书值相符。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.