Quantum phase transitions in the shastry-sutherland model for SrCu2(BO3)(2)

We investigate quantum phase transitions in the frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model for SrCu2(BO3)(2) by using the series expansion method. It is found that a novel spin-gap phase, adiabatically connected to the plaquette-singlet phase, exists between the dimer and the magnetically ordered phases known thus far. When the ratio of the competing exchange couplings alpha( = J'/J) is varied, this spin-gap phase exhibits a first- (second-) order quantum phase transition to the dimer (the magnetically ordered) phase at the critical point alpha(c1) = 0.677(2) [ alpha(c2) = 0. 86(1)]. Our results shed light on some controversial arguments about the nature of quantum phase transitions in this model.     

Particle number scale invariant feature of the states around the critical point of the first order nuclear shape phase transition

We study systematically the evolutive behaviors of some energy ratios,E2 transition rate ratios and isomer shift in the nuclear shape phase transitions.We find that the quantities sensitive to the phase transition and independent of free parameter(s) are approximately particle number N scale invariant around the critical point of the first order phase transition,similar to that in the second order phase transition.     

TDLAS中激光器IM/FM相位延迟实时测量方法研究

在基于谐波检测法的TDLAS（可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱)系统中,在通过改变激光器注入电流实现激光频率扫描和调制的同时引起激光强度的变化,激光器输出信号的强度-频率(IM/FM)相位延迟_m的变化将直接导致谐波系数波动,带来系统误差。提出一种利用光纤迈克尔逊干涉仪实现激光器输出信号强度-频率(IM/FM)相位延迟_m的测量方法,能在激光器调制测量的同时实时测量相位延迟_m。实验结果表明,激光器输出信号强度-频率(IM/FM)相位延迟_m与理论值π有一定差异。研究提出的方法可以用来实时补偿信号强度-频率(IM/FM)相位延迟_m对气体浓度测量结果的影响。     

Finite-temperature behavior of the lattice abelian Higgs model

We study phase transitions in the lattice version of the abelian Higgs model, a model which can exhibit both spontaneous symmetry breaking and confinement. When the Higgs charge is the basic U(1) unit, we find that the Higgs and confinement regions are not separated by a phase transition and form a single homogenous phase which we call the total screening phase. The model does not undergo a symmetry restoring phase transition at finite temperature.If the Higgs charge is some multiple of the basic unit the model follows the conventional wisdom: there are 3 phases (normal, Higgs and confinement) at zero temperature, two of which disappear above some critical point. We apply the lessons learned from the lattice Higgs model to understand the behavior of the weak interactions at high temperature.In a long appendix we give an intuitive physical picture for the Polyakov-Susskind quark liberating phase transition and show that it is related to the Hagedorn spectrum of a confining model. We end with a collection of effective field theory approximations to various lattice theories.     

基于低通滤波的相位掩模干涉图相位解调方法

 传统的四步相移算法在分析相位掩模干涉图时存在相移值误差、分辨力降低和相干噪声等不足,从而影响了动态干涉仪的性能。为了提高相位掩模干涉图的分析精度,提出了一种基于低通滤波的相位解调方法。该方法根据相位掩模引入相位的空间频率远大于被测相位空间频率的最大值,采用低通滤波的方法提取相位信息。数值分析结果表明,该方法的精度高于传统四步相移算法。分析干涉图的信噪比,合理选择低通滤波器,可进一步提高相位解调的精度。     

Dynamics of geometric phase for composite quantum system under nonlocal unitary transformation: a case study of dimer system

In this paper, we explore the dynamical properties of geometric phase for a composite quantum system under the nonlocal unitary evolution. As an illustrative example, the analytical expressions of geometric phase are derived for the dimer system. We find that geometric phase presents some interesting properties with coupling strengths (corresponding to nonlocal unitary evolution), such as dynamical oscillation behavior with time evolution, monotonicity, symmetry, etc. We show that the geometric phase and entanglement have the same period for some conditions. Moreover, we discuss geometric phase of the whole system and its subsystems. Our investigations show that geometric phase can reflect some inherent properties of the system: it signals a transition from self-trapping to delocalization.     

Hexagonal Type Ising Nanowire with Spin-1 Core and Spin-2 Shell Structure

Thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of a mixed spin-(1,2) Ising ferrimagnetic system with single ion anisotropy on hexagonal nanowire are studied by using effective-field theory with correlations. The susceptibility,internal energy and specific heat of the system are numerically examined and some interesting phenomena in these quantities are found. The effect of the Hamiltonian parameters on phase diagrams are examined in detail. Besides second-order phase transition, lines of first-order transition and tricritical points are found. In particular, we found that for some negative values of single-ion anisotropies, there exist first-order phase transitions.     

Hexagonal Type Ising Nanowire with Spin-1 Core and Spin-2 Shell Structure

Thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of a mixed spin-(1,2) Ising ferrimagnetic system with single ion anisotropy on hexagonal nanowire are studied by using effective-field theory with correlations. The susceptibility, internal energy and specific heat of the system are numerically examined and some interesting phenomena in these quantities are found. The effect of the Hamiltonian parameters on phase diagrams are examined in detail. Besides second-order phase transition, lines of first-order transition and tricritical points are found. In particular, we found that for some negative values of single-ion anisotropies, there exist first-order phase transitions.     

大非线性相移下光学非线性Z扫描特性的研究

采用高斯分解法(GD)对大非线性相移下的Z扫描特性进行了分析，通过对数值算法的优化，将GD推广到对脉冲入射激光下大非线性相移下的Z扫描理论分析.对不同条件下大非线性相移Z扫描曲线峰谷结构的比较，发现在大非线性相移的情况下，Z扫描曲线的峰和谷随透过光阑或入射光强变化表现出某些新的特性.随着透过光阑孔径的增加，Z扫描曲线峰的变化要明显快于谷的变化，而且在谷明显存在的情况下，峰很快消失.采用皮秒脉冲激光下的纯二硫化碳实验对理论结果加以验证，实验结果和理论分析相一致.我们的分析结果对大非线性相移下Z扫描测量有一定的指导性意义，避免在大非线性相移下对Z扫描结果产生错误的分析. 关键词： 大非线性相移 高斯分解法 Z扫描     

Novel iteration-free blind phase noise estimation for coherent optical OFDM

We propose a novel iteration-free blind phase noise estimation scheme for coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （CO-OFDM） systems. In the new algorithm, the cost function is selected as the similar expression with real and imaginary parts as that in the modified constant modulus algorithm, and the new cost function is derived under some assumptions, where it is infinitely approximated by the sine and cosine functions. By means of the analytical formula of the cost function, the initial coarse common phase error can be obtained with only some samples, where the algorithm avoids computational complexity of conventional blind phase noise compensation scheme. In CO-OFDM systems with high-order modulation format （32 quadrature amplitude modulation） and narrow linewidth lasers, it is proved by the simulation results that the nhase noise can be effectively compensated with the proposed blind estimation method.     

非PLL相位平均型参考线原型验证

射频相位参考线是粒子加速器的重要组成部分之一,为射频低电平控制系统(LLRF)、束流诊断系统、定时系统等提供稳定的相位锁定参考信号。为减少远距离传输过程中由环境温度变化导致的射频传输线中的射频相位漂移,多个加速器装置中已经采用射频相位参考线提供射频相位参考,这些相位参考的实现方案主要是基于恒温控制和基于光纤锁相。与这些方案相比,采用相位平均方法不仅可以保持长距离节点之间的相位稳定,而且更易于现场安装与维护。现有的带有锁相环(PLL)的终端短路方式实现相位平均参考线的方案仍有一些节点数量限制等方面的不足,本文对相位平均参考线结构进行了去除PLL的简化设计并进行了验证,以期增加更多的相位分配节点以及降低对射频器件参数的要求。对非PLL的单端输入终端短路相位平均方案与两端输入各节点间互为参考的相位平均方案分别进行了实验测试,结果表明两者的相位RMS精度可以达到0.1°~0.3°。并对不同的相位平均实现方案中相位不稳定的产生原因进行了分析,结果表明,除环境温度外,同轴线缆材质、合成相位与幅度的不平衡合成等也是重要影响因素。     

Generalized phase shifting interferometry based on Lissajous calibration technology

The feasibility and limitation of directly using the Lissajous figure and ellipse fitting technology to correct the phase extraction error in generalized data reduction algorithm (GDRA) for phase extraction of randomly phase-shifted interferograms are analyzed and discussed. By combining Lissajous calibration technology, which represents the transformative process of Lissajous ellipse to circle (ETC), with advanced iterative algorithm (AIA) we propose a novel generalized phase shifting algorithm (GPSA), and here it is abbreviated as ETCI method. The phase distribution and phase shifts that extracted from randomly phase shifted interferograms by use of ETCI are more accurate and the whole process is far faster than AIA. Additionally, proposed method is less sensitive to non-uniform background intensity and modulation amplitude. Numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of ETCI, and some influential factors are elaborated. The experimental results further indicate proposed method is suitable for truly random phase shifted interferograms.     

黄冶窑白瓷的物相和微观结构研究

以黄冶窑四个时期的白瓷样品作为研究对象,利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品进行分析,结果表明:黄冶窑白瓷胎的物相基本相同,主要是莫来石、α石英和方石英、未熔石英和少量的粘土相;黄冶窑白瓷釉中有气泡存在,釉中气泡为圆形,釉中存在微米级的针状或柱状钙长石晶体,釉存在分相结构,且分相结构与析晶相伴而生;黄冶窑白瓷胎中有气孔、未熔的石英颗粒、较大的Ti颗粒、莫来石晶体和石英晶体。The white porcelain samples of the four periods of Huangye kiln were studied in this paper, and the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the material phase is basically the same of the white porcelain bodies from Huangye kiln, and mainly mullite, alpha quartz and cristobalite, unmelted quartz and a small amount of clay phase; There are some round bubbles in HuangYe kiln white porcelain, glazes, so are some feldspathic crystals with micro-level needles or columnar. It is evident to observe phase separation structure, which is accompanied by the birth. Apart from some pores, unfused quartz particles, larger Ti particles, mullite crystals and quartz crystals can also be found in the embryo of Huangye kiln white porcelain.     

Shock waves in polycrystalline iron

The propagation of shock waves through polycrystalline iron is explored by large-scale atomistic simulations. For large enough shock strengths the passage of the wave causes the body-centered-cubic phase to transform into a close-packed phase with most structure being isotropic hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) and, depending on shock strength and grain orientation, some fraction of face-centered-cubic (fcc) structure. The simulated shock Hugoniot is compared to experiments. By calculating the extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) directly from the atomic configurations, a comparison to experimental EXAFS measurements of nanosecond-laser shocks shows that the experimental data is consistent with such a phase transformation. However, the atomistically simulated EXAFS spectra also show that an experimental distinction between the hcp or fcc phase is not possible based on the spectra alone.     

Josephson effect for superconductors lacking time-reversal and inversion symmetries

Because of the absence of a center of inversion in some superconducting compounds, a p-wave admixture to the dominant d-wave (or s) order parameter must exist. If time reversal is also violated, an allowed invariant is the product of the d wave (or s wave), p wave, and an appropriately directed current. We show that this leads to a new and remarkable property of the Josephson current for tunneling into a s-wave superconductor along the direction parallel to the axis of the p-wave component. These ideas are applied to the heavy-fermion compounds which lack center of inversion due to crystalline symmetry, as well as time-reversal symmetry, such as CePt(3)Si. They also apply to the superconducting state of the cuprates in the pseudogap region of the phase diagram where in the normal phase some experiments have detected a time-reversal and inversion symmetry broken phase.     

AWG中波导间耦合造成的相位畸变的分析

用(1,1)阶Pad啨近似的广角BPM计算了阵列波导光栅(AWG)中由于阵列波导间耦合造成的相位畸变以及由于相位畸变引起的相位误差分别考虑了光从中心/非中心输入波导入射两种情况结果表明,波导间的耦合会造成显著的相位畸变,但由此引起的相位误差却很小,光从中心输入波导入射时对应的相位误差10-3rad,从非中心输入波导入射时的相位误差约为10-2rad针对波导阵列边缘效应引起的相位畸变,设计AWG结构时,在阵列部分两侧增加了边缘辅助波导结构,从而消除了边缘效应,使得边缘阵列波导对应的相位误差从10-1rad量级减小为10-3(10-2)rad量级.     

Phase diagram of a 2D Ising model within a nonextensive approach

In this work we report Monte Carlo simulations of a 2D Ising model, in which the statistics of the Metropolis algorithm is replaced by the nonextensive one. We compute the magnetization and show that phase transitions are present for q ≠ 1. A q - phase diagram (critical temperature vs. the entropic parameter q) is built and exhibits some interesting features, such as phases which are governed by the value of the entropic index q. It is shown that such phases favors some energy levels of magnetization states. It is also shown that the contribution of the Tsallis cutoff is capital to the existence of phase transitions.     

Phase calculation with a swept source in optical coherence tomography: Jitter influence

An analysis of phase modifications introduced by laser jitter in frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) is described. It is shown that a 1D spurious phase function is introduced as a consequence of this phenomenon. This phase function is added to any other introduced by the object under analysis causing a superposition of both. The result may impose some limitations for unambiguous determination of phase changes of objects. Experimental and theoretical results are presented.     

Matter-wave interferometry with phase fluctuating Bose-Einstein condensates

Elongated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit strong spatial phase fluctuations even well below the BEC transition temperature. We demonstrate that atom interferometers using such condensates are robust against phase fluctuations; i.e., the relative phase of the split condensate is reproducible despite axial phase fluctuations. However, larger phase fluctuations limit the coherence time, especially in the presence of some asymmetries in the two wells of the interferometer.     

常温高压下石膏在水中溶解及相变现象的研究

 研究常温下200~1 100 MPa压力范围内石膏的Raman光谱,原位观测了随压力升高,石膏在水中的溶解现象,其过程中伴随着石膏的相变。结果表明：压力小于407 MPa时,石膏的形态无明显变化;随着压力的升高,石膏开始溶解,溶解至一定程度,石膏发生了向半水石膏转化的相变;相变完成后,半水石膏继续溶解至消失。石膏这一溶解相变过程表明在地球内部与压力相应的深部区域内,也可能会发生矿物的溶解相变。