Über die Stereochemie der Bisoxirane aus den 4-N-Phenyl-triazolin-3,5-dion-addukten von Vitamin D3: Röntgenstrukturanalyse eines der Benzoylderivate

Summary Upon complete epoxidation of the vitamin D₃ 4-phenyltriazoline-3,5-dione adducts2 and3 withMCPBA, four diastereomeric bisoxiranes7, 8, 9, and10 were generated. The stereochemistry of all the chiral centers in these compounds has been established by chemical correlation with compounds of known stereochemistry and by single crystal X-ray structure determination of the benzoyl derivative10 b.

     

Alkyl- und Arylsulfensäureamide durch Cycloeliminierung von Alkenen aus Sulfimiden, 3: Bildung primärer und sekundärer aliphatischer Sulfenamide des TypsRSNH2 bzw.RSNHR 1

Summary N-Methyl- and N-unsubstituted alkansulfenamides6,RSNHCH₃ andRSNH₂, without steric or electronic stabilization have been prepared by amination of 3-alkylthio-proprionitriles or methyl 3-alkylthio-propanoates with O-mesitylenesulfonyl hydroxylamine or-N-methylhydroxyl-amine, deprotonation of the arising azasulfonium salts3 and fast cycloelimination of acrylonitrile or methylacrylate from intermediarily formed N-methyl- or N-unsubstituted sulfimides4. Sulfenamides6 could be isolated as at least 90% pure oily compounds and were characterized by spectral data (¹H- and¹³C-NMR, MS) and formation of sulfenimines [bd7] by condensation with benzaldehyde.

     

Reaktionen von (−)-Ephedrin bzw. (+)-Norpseudoephedrin und Derivaten mit N,N-Dimethylacetamid-dimethylacetal und N,N,-Dimethylformamid-dimethylacetal

Summary The reactivity of (–)-ephedrine (2) and (+)-norpseudoephedrine (3) towards the amidacetals1 a/b has been studied. Both2 and3 were acetylated resp. formylated at first at the amino group. Nevertheless, derivatives of2 and3 possessing a trisubstituted amino group react with1 a in a [3.3] sigmatopic rearrangement toortho substituted dimethylcarbamoylmethyl derivatives. By subsequent reduction with lithiumaluminiumhydride the aromatic compounds8,13, and18 with two aminoethyl groups are easily available. In contrast to these results1 b did not furnish any rearrangement products.

     

[2+2]-Photocycloaddition von Cyclohexen an 2-Acetyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexandion und 3-Acetyl-1,5,5-trimethyl-2,4-pyrrolidindion

Summary Irradiation of solutions of excess cyclohexene and 2-acetyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione (1), and 3-acetyl-1,5,5-trimethyl-2,4-pyrrolidinedione (4) results mainly in the formation of 1,5-diones2 and5. These originate from intermediate cycloadducts of cyclohexene and theexo-enols of the cyclic 1,3-diketones. The yields decrease with increasing polarity of the solvent. In solution2 and5 are in equilibrium with the cyclic hemiacetales3 and6.

     

Über die Darstellung der 7R-Oxirane von 5Z- und 5E-10-Oxo-19-norcholecalciferol

Summary The two title compounds12b and13b have been prepared by direct oxidation of the corresponding 10-oxo-19-norcolcalciferol derivatives3c and4c withMCPBA. The generation of12b and13b by treatment of the ⁷ epoxidized ethylisoxazolin adducts of 5Z- and 5E-cholecalciferol8a,8b and9a,9b with Mo(CO)₆ failed, since besides the retroaldol cleavage of the heterocycle a deoxygenation of the oxirane with retention of configuration to the ⁷ double bond occurs.

     

Aromatische Spirane, 23. Mitt.: Darstellung von unsymmetrisch substituierten Dimethyl-2,2′-Spirobiindan-1,1′-dionen

Summary Both spirodiketones7 and8 were obtained as a mixture (56:44) by treatment of dicarbonic acid5 with polyphosphoric acid (PPA).5 was accessible from dimethylester3, synthesized byretro-Claisen reaction between1 and2. In the same way,30 was obtainedvia 27. The preparation of the pure spiro compounds7 and8, resp., was achieved by aldol reaction between9 and10 or9 and16, resp. Short treatment of the resulting compounds11 and17 with diazomethane yielded the methylbenzoates12 and18. Prolonged reaction (several hours) gave the pyrazole compounds14 and19, resp., which were also obtained (several days) from phthalides14 and20. The latter were formed from the benzylidene compounds11 and17, resp., by heating.11 and17 (after hydrogenation to15a and21a) were cyclized either withPPA or thermically to the spiro compounds7 and8. The main product20 was cyclized thermically to8 after reduction with zinc to a mixture of21a and8 (20:75).

     

Hydroxy- und Epoxyderivate von Arecolin

The epoxides10,12, and13 were synthesized from the basic olefines9 and11 by epoxidation of the corresponding trifluoroacetates. Base catalyzed rearrangement of12 and13 yielded the product14. The relative configurations of12 and13 were determined by¹H-NMR spectroscopy.

Herrn Prof. Dr.Kurt L. Komarek mit den besten Wünschen zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Synthesis of partially saturated N-substituted 4H-3,1-benzothiazine-2(1H)-thiones

Summary Acid-catalyzed reaction of 2-arylidenecyclohexanones1 with N-substituted dithiocarbamic acids2 gave open-chain addition products3 and4. Dehydration of3 and4 afforded only one of the three possible isomeric N-substituted 4H-3,1-benzothiazine-2(1H)-thiones5 and6.

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Synthese von partiell gesättigten N-substituierten 4H-3,1-Benzothiazin-2-(1H)-thionen

Zusammenfassung Die säurekatalysierte Reaktion von 2-Arylidencyclohexanonen1 mit N-substituierten Dithiocarbaminsäure2 ergab die offenkettigen Additionsprodukte3 und4. Die Dehydratation von3 und4 führte ausschließlich zu einem der drei möglichen N-substituierten 4H-3,1-Benzothiazin-2(1H)-thion-Isomeren5 und6.

     

Zur gezielten Oxidation der Δ7-Doppelbindung in den 4-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-3,5-dion-Addukten des Vitamin D3

The possibility of regio- and stereospecific oxidation of the 7-double bond of the 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-3,5-dione adducts1 a and1 b of Vitamin D₃ is reported. Oxidation of the corresponding benzoates2 a and2 b withm-Chlorperbenzoic acid yields the two oxirans3 a and3 b which in turn with NaI-CH₃COOH-Zn after saponification to5 a and5 b lead to the allylic alcohols6 a and6 b.

     

Ein Verfahren zur Synthese enantiomerenreiner Alkanole durch reduktive Entschwefelung von Thiophenalkoholen

Summary Acetals3 and4 of alkylthienylcarbinols1 were prepared using an enantiomerically pure lactol2. In the key step these compounds were desulfurized. After deprotection the target compounds7 andent-7 were obtained.

Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Oelschläger zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet     

Aromatische Spirane, 16. Mitt.: Darstellung von monound dianellierten 2,2′-Spirobiindan-1,1′-dionen

Summary The spiroketones19, 21, 24, 27, and31 were prepared by cyclisation of the dicarboxylic acids and their acid chlorides, resp., (18, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, and30) with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) or SnCl₄. The latter compounds were synthesized by alkylation of the appropriate -keto esters10, 11, 12, and13 with the benzyl chlorides14, 15, 16, and subsequent retro-Claisen-reaction. The spiro compounds21a and39 were obtained byPPA-cyclisation of the keto acids35 and38, which in turn were prepared by aldol-reaction of the ketoness-hydrindacen-1-on and9a with phthalaldehydic acid to the olefinic keto acids33 and36 followed by catalytic hydrogenation.

     

Synthese und Konfigurationszuordnung von potentiell antimikrobiellen 5,6-Dihydroxyisobenzofuranonen

Summary Oxidation of isobenzofuranone1 yielded in a diastereoselective reaction epoxide2. Acidolysis of2 resulted in a mixture oftrans-glycols6 a (88%) and7 a (4%), which were separated by crystallization. The relative configuration of6 a and7 a at the chiral centers 3 a, 5, 6, and 7 a was determined by¹H-NMR-spectroscopy and X-ray analysis of O-acetylated and 7 a-methylated derivatives.

     

Eine einfache Synthese aller vier stereoisomeren 2,2,5-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-carbaldehyde

Summary A simple and efficient procedure for the syntheses of all four stereoisomers of the 2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carbaldehydes1a–1d has been developed. Starting with readily available aldopentose diethyl dithioacetals2,6,10 and14, the title compounds were obtained by a selective protecting group strategy and subsequentRaney-nickel reduction, followed by lead tetraacetate cleavage. This procedure allows an application on a multigram scale.

     

Über Darstellung und Reaktivität von 2,4-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-onen

The 2-cyclohexenones1 a andd resp. react with urea in HCl/EtOH to give 1-hydroxy-4-methyl-7-phenyl- and 1-hydroxy-2,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3-ones3a and3d resp., whereas the 2-cyclohexenones1b andc resp. transformed by urea to 1,7-dimethyl- and 1-methyl-4-ureido-2,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-ones9b andc resp. In the condensation of isophorone1e with urea a product C₁₃H₂₈N₈O₄ of indisdinct structure was formed, whereas the bicyclus3e could not be isolated.Reaction ofAcOAc with3a yielded the 5-methyl-3-oxo-7-phenyl-2,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]non-1-ylacetate (15); on heating of3a with acids decomposition to1a and urea took place. NoWagner-Meerwein-rearrangement was observed. The MS-spectra of3a andd are discussed; NMR- and IR-data are reported.No significant herbicidal, fungicidal or insecticidal activity was found in screening-tests on3a.

     

Synthese neuer Indolderivate

The synthesis of the ,-unsaturated ketones4, 5 und6 via the regiospecific aldol- andWittigreaction with some indolealdehydes is described.4 and5 are stable enough for NaBH₄-reduction to the corresponding alcohols.

     

Synthese neuer 4-Hydroxybenzonitrilderivate und deren herbizide Eigenschaften

The synthesis of several new derivatives of 2-amino-4-hydroxybenzonitrile2 and their herbicidal screening data are described. Thus, halogenation and furtherSandmeyer-Reaction of2 leads to the 2,3,5-trihalogenated derivatives5 a–e. Reaction of ethyl chloroformate with the amino group of2 gives6 a, acylation7 a, b and8. The 3,5-dihalogenated compounds10 a–e are obtained from6 a and7 a, b by bromination or iodation. The hydroxyl group of6 a, 7 a, b and10 a, c, e reacts with N,N-disubstituted carbamyl chlorides to give6 c, d, 9 a, b, 11, 12 and13 a, b.

     

NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen zurE/Z-Isomerie von substituierten Dithiocarbazinsäurederivaten

Summary NMR-spectroscopic investigations of substituted dithiocarbacinic acid derivatives show the existence of configurational isomers relative to the C=N double bond, but no tautomerism. We applied chemical shift differences in the¹H-,¹³C- and¹⁵N-NMR-spectra, N - H and C - H coupling constants and NOE difference measurements in the solvents CDCl₃,DMSO-d ₆ and partly CD₃OD in order to discriminate between the isomers and to determine the configurational composition. Compounds4 and5 exist asE-isomers in all solvents, compounds1, 2 and3 as a mixture ofE/Z-isomers. InDMSO-d ₆ theE-form is the preferred isomer.

     

Transformations of N-heteroarylformamidines and N-heteroarylformamidine oximes new syntheses and transformations of oxazolo[4,5—d]pyridazines

New syntheses of oxazolo[4,5—d]pyridazine derivatives7 and11 were achieved by the cyclization of substituted N-pyridazin-5-ylformamide oximes6 and10. Under mild reaction conditions the transformations of the substituted amino group at position 2 of the oxazolo[4,5—d]pyridazine system7 occured to produce the compounds11, 14, and15, while under more drastic reaction conditions the nucleophilic attack at carbon at position 2 followed by the ring opening of the oxazole part of the molecule was observed to give the compounds13, 16, 17 and18.

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Transformationen von N-Heteroarylformamidinen und N-Heteroarylformamidinoximen. Neue Synthesen und Transformationen von Oxazolo[4,5—d]pyridazinen

Zusammenfassung Mittels Cyclisierung substituierter N-Pyridazin-5-ylformamidoxime6 und10 wurden neue Synthesemöglichkeiten von Oxazolo[4,5—d]pyridazinderivaten erschlossen. Bei milden Reaktionsbedingungen trat Transformation der substituierten Aminogruppe an Position 2 des Oxazolo[4,5—d]pyridazin-Systems unter Bildung der Verbindungen11, 14 und15 ein, währenddessen unter drastischeren Reaktionsbedingungen ein nucleophiler Angriff am Kohlenstoff-2, gefolgt von einer Ringöffnung unter Bildung der Verbindungen13, 16, 17 und18 eintrat.

     

Synthese von 3,3-Bis(alkylthio)-2-(2-thioxo-benzo-2H-1,3-thiazol-3-yl)-acrylsäure-Derivaten und Kristallstruktur des entsprechenden Ethyl 3,3-Bis(methylthio)acrylats

Summary The 3,3-bis(alkylthio)-2-(2-thioxo-benzo-2H-1,3-thiazole-3-yl)acrylonitriles3a–e, the methyl and ethyl acrylates4 and5a–d, respectively, are prepared by dithiocarboxylation of the corresponding derivatives of acetic acid1a–c. The crystal structure of ethyl 3,3-bis(methylthio)-2-(2-thioxo-benzo-2H-1,3-thiazole-3-yl)acrylate5a has been determined by X-ray analysis.

     

Axialchiral macrocyclic diphosphines

Summary Two cyclic diphosphines,1 and2, have been prepared which show a remarkable stability against oxidation. This result is discussed on the basis of their rigid conformation, directing the lone pairs of the P-atoms towards the center of the cycle.

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Axialchirale makrocyclische Diphosphine (Kurze Mitt.)

Zusammenfassung Die zyklischen Diphosphine1 und2 wurden dargestellt. Ihre bemerkenswerte Oxidationsbeständigkeit wird durch deren starre Konformation erklärt, die bewirkt, daß dielone pairs der P-Atome in das Zentrum des Zyklus gerichtet sind.