双制冷片热电制冷模组布局优化研究

对两个热电制冷片的制冷模组进行数值模拟,分析制冷片中心间距对热耦合强度的影响;通过有限元仿真,对比分析热电制冷片中心间距和偏置距离差异对其性能的影响。结果表明：制冷片的中心间距能显著影响热耦合强度,热耦合强度随着中心间距的增大而降低;制冷片的热布局优化能使制冷模组的实际工作性能提升,在热电制冷片中心间距为100 mm,偏置中心线距离为10 mm时,模组工作性能最佳。在工作电流3 A时,相比于两片热电制冷片邻接布置,冷热面温差降低了11.66%,制冷量和制冷效率分别提升了6.76%和9.21%。     

天基望远镜探测器组件热电制冷系统设计与试验

天基空间望远镜探测器必须采用主动制冷方式以满足其噪声抑制需求.为此,采用热电制冷为核心技术,开展了探测器热电制冷器封装设计、热电制冷器热排散系统设计、热电制冷控制系统设计,并从抑制寄生漏热、降低热电制冷器热排散路径热阻两方面进行了优化,以减小热电制冷器输入功率及辐射散热面积.根据帕尔帖效应、焦耳效应、傅里叶效应,获得了净制冷量、热端散热热阻、热端边界温度等环境特性参数与热电制冷器输入电流、电压、功率等工作特性参数间的关系,并分析了制冷热负荷、热端散热热阻与热电制冷器输入功率间的敏感度.研制了望远镜鉴定产品,并开展了真空热平衡试验.试验结果表明系统设计合理有效,能够将探测器制冷至-75℃温度水平,稳定度可达到±0.2℃.基于环境条件及热电制冷器工作参数等试验数据,对比并修正了热分析模型.研究结果可为类似空间望远镜热电制冷系统的研制提供参考和借鉴.     

热驱动液态金属芯片散热器的功率特性

为解决高集成度计算机芯片、光电器件等引发的热障问题并降低能耗,本文基于前期研究基础,试验探索不同加热功率下基于芯片自身发热量来驱动液态金属循环,从而达到冷却芯片的方案.分析表明,该方法能有效降低芯片表面与环境之间的热阻.试验显示,热量通过热电片转化的电能,驱动液态金属电磁泵,并且在未设置风扇的情况下实现了50W的散热量;而且,加热功率越高,热电片产生电流越大,从而驱动力越强.这种热驱动型液态金属芯片散热器是一种完全静音、自适应、无需外部能苗输入的先进芯片散热器.     

结冰环境热合成双射流激励器工作特性数值研究

为研究结冰环境中热合成双射流激励器工作特性,采用离散相模型(discrete phase model,DPM),结合动网格方法,数值研究了结冰环境中来流速度、液滴含量、液滴直径对激励器工作特性的影响.结果表明,来流速度较小时,双射流激励器出口形成热合成射流融合区,由于热射流的加热作用,温度较高,环境中的过冷液滴难以进入...     

低频热驱动气–液耦合热声制冷系统数值模拟研究

提出了一种低频热驱动气–液耦合热声制冷系统,通过数值模拟优化了该系统的结构参数并对其热力性能进行了数值模拟分析。首先,分别对系统关键参数的沿程分布和各部件的?损失进行了分析;然后,探究了不同压力下液体质量对系统热力学参数的影响;最后,与传统热声制冷系统进行了对比。结果表明,气液耦合热声制冷系统可以有效地提升系统的压比、制冷量、COP和相对卡诺效率,降低系统的起振温度和频率。在加热温度300℃,制冷温度15℃,环境温度50℃,平均压力10 MPa时,气液耦合热声制冷系统制冷量为31.12 k W,是传统热声系统理论值的4倍,COP和相对卡诺效率相对于传统热声制冷系统的理论值分别提升了13%和25.9%。     

50 K温区热声驱动脉管制冷

开展了采用声压放大器结构的驻波型热声发动机驱动单级双向进气型脉管制冷机实验研究,考察了声压放大器长度对热声驱动脉管制冷特性的影响.经过实验优化,采用长度3.7 m、直径8 mm的声压放大器,在2.0 kW加热功率条件下,实现1.196的压比,制冷温度达到54.5 K.     

热电制冷式温湿度调节机的散热技术研究

基于热电制冷的温湿度调节机的制冷和除湿性能主要受其热端散热性能的制约.为了探究热电制冷式温湿度调节机热端散热性能的影响因素,该研究在实际项目的基础上设计了三组实验,分别用于探究风机安装方式,风速大小以及散热翅片间距对其散热性能的影响.结果表明,在所研究的六种风机安装方式中,单风扇单侧吹风的安装方式在实际工程中可以达到相...     

新型热驱动斯特林冷电联产系统数值模拟研究

为解决现有热驱动斯特林冷电联产系统存在的系统性能对直线电机参数敏感性高、匹配难度大的问题,创新性地提出一种热驱动斯特林冷电联产装置,即采用声学谐振管和旁接直线电机实现自由活塞斯特林发动机和自由活塞斯特林制冷机之间的阻抗匹配、声功分配和传递。基于热声理论和商业计算软件Sage对系统进行理论分析和数值模拟,考察了发动机加热温度、制冷机制冷温度和平均压力等对系统性能的影响规律。计算结果表明：在平均压力5 MPa,加热温度833 K时,该热驱动斯特林冷电联产系统在制冷温度110 K下,能获得1000 W制冷量和800W电功,整机效率达29.4%。发动机、制冷机和直线电机能实现较好的功率匹配,电机输出电功的变化对系统热效率影响较小。     

热驱动室温行波热声制冷机的实验研究

本文报道了热声驱动的室温行波热声制冷机的实验研究。以氦气为工质研究了平均充气压力、工作频率等参数对制冷性能的影响。实验达到的最好结果为:最低温度为-47℃,在-20℃的制冷量为80W,按输入制冷机的P-V功计算,相应的制冷系数COP达到1.6左右。     

热声制冷的实验研究

自行研制了热声驱动脉管制冷机实验台,着重研究了加热温度、平均工作压力、小孔开度、工质各类等因素对脉管制冷机性能的影响。初步实验表明,以氮、氦及氦和氩混合物（氦占94％）作工质,分别获得了234.5K、179K及165K的无负荷制冷温度,此外,本文还指出了进一步改进方向,具有一定参考价值。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.