醛基不饱和卡宾存在寿命的理论研究

采用量子化学中的的从头计算方法,在B3LYP/6-31G^**水平上研究了醛基不饱和卡宾HCO-CH=C：重排成醛基乙炔的反应机理。全优化得到了HCO-CH=C：的两种稳定构型以及对应的过渡态和产物的构型,并计算得到了各种构型的振动频率。在振动频率计算结果的基础上,采用过渡态理论计算了活化能最小的重排反应的的动力学性质,然后根据得到的反应速率常数,计算了不同温度下HCO-CH=C：的半衰期。结果表明,HCO-CH=C：的半衰期很短,室温下只有10^-13s左右。这对深入了解HCO-CH=C：的性质及其存在在寿命提供了有用的信息。     

HNCO+HCO→NCO+CH2O氢转移反应的从头算及动力学研究

在UMP2(Full)/6-311G(d,p)计算水平上,优化了标题反应的反应物、过渡态、产物的几何结构,沿最小能量途径讨论了异氰酸(HNCO)和甲酰自由基(HCO)发生氢转移反应位能面上驻点的结构以及相互作用分子结构变化.指出该反应是一个N-H键断裂和C-H键生成的协同反应.进一步采用UQCISD(T,Full)方法对反应途径上的驻点进行了单点能量校正,得出该反应的计算位垒是91.47 kJ/mol,与实验值108.92 kJ/mol接近在500～2500K实验温度范围内,运用变分过渡态理论(CVT)计算得到的速率常数与实验观测值进行了比较     

乙烯、苯与Li+、Na+、K+形成的阳离子-π复合物结构的理论研究

系统地研究了乙烯、苯与Li+、Na+、K+形成的阳离子-π复合物的结构.发现在乙烯与Li+、Na+、K+阳离子形成的复合物中,乙烯分子的C-H键与形成复合物前相比伸长了,然而,在苯的阳离子-π复合物中,苯分子的C-H键却出乎意料地变短了(特别是在锂离子-π复合物中).这种现象可能与最近由Hobza等人发现的蓝移氢键现象有相同的机理.     

NH3/NH3+体系电子转移性的黄金规则研究

用密度泛函理论(BEP86, B3LYP)在6-31G~*, 6-311+G~*基组水平上和从头算方 法[MP2(FULL)/6-311+G~*]优化了NH_3和NH_3~+以及复合物(NH_3…NH_3)~*的几何 构型,计算了体系稳定化能,然后用MP2（FULL）／6－311＋G”＊方法扫描势有面 找出不同N－N接触距离的活化志体系的能量、活化能、耦合矩阵元,利用黄金规则 计算出不同的N－N接触距离的电子转移速率。并讨论了活化态体系的能量、活化能 、耦合矩辄元和Franck-Condon因子及电子转移速率与接触距离的依赖关系。进一 步验证了黄金规则应用于电子转移反应的正确性。     

The Isomeric Structures of H_2GeLiF, the Prototype Germylenoid

Thepropertiesandreactionsofgermylene,R,Gef,anditsderivativeshavebeenwellstudiedl.Germylenereactions,however,canbeperformedusingintermediatesofthetype.MR'GeMX(M=alkalimetal,X=halogen),analogoustocarbenoidsandsilylenoids,Re'CMXandRR'SiMX2'3.Recently,Gasparandhiscoworkerhavesuggestedthatgermylenoid,Me,GeLiCI,shouldbeinvolvedinthereactionofdichlorodimethylgermanewithsubstitutedbutadiene',butlittleisknownexperimentallyandtheoreticallyaboutitsenergy,geometryorelectronicstructure.Soitisnece…     

Ab Initio Study of the Oxygen Atom Abstracting Hydrogen from Difluoromethane and Dichloromethane

ThemajorfiresuppressionagentsusedinconfinedspacesortoprotectelectronicsareCFsBrandCF2ClBr.Howeverbecauseoftheirozonedepletionpotential,theirproductionisnowbanned.Thesearchfornewflamesuppressantswhichareeffective,nontoxicandhaveIowglobalenvironmentalimpacthassparkedincreasedinterestinthemechanismsoffiresuppressionandthedevelopmentofpredictiveflamemodels1-2.KineticdataforthereactionsofOatomswithhalogenatedmethanesareneededtomodelthecombustionchendstry.Manystudiesaboutithavebeencarriedoutbyex…     

分子CH3NH=B:的结构及重排反应的理论研究

采用量子化学中的从头计算方法, 在MP2/6-31G(d,p)水平上研究了不饱和硼烯CH3NH=B:的结构及重排反应机理。结果表明, CH3NH=B:的单线态结构比三线态结构稳定, 该分子的基态是单线态。分子CH3NH=B:可以发生3种不同的重排反应。本文找到了这3种重排反应的过渡态, 并详细计算了不饱和硼烯CH3NH=B:重排反应的动力学函数, 据此讨论了不饱和硼烯CH3NH=B:的稳定性问题。     

Comparison of Magnetic Properties between Spin Singlet and Triplet Li<Subscript>3</Subscript>Al<Stack><Subscript>4</Subscript><Superscript>−</Superscript></Stack> Clusters

With a second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory and Hartree–Fock nuclear magnetic resonance calculations, we investigated the magnetic properties of spin singlet and triplet Li₃Al ₄ ^? clusters. The obtained gauge-independent atomic orbital magnetic shielding tensors confirm the paramagnetism of singlet Li₃Al ₄ ^? and diamagnetism of the triplet. The planar rings composed of four aluminum atoms make the magnetic properties of Li₃Al ₄ ^? clusters versatile. The localized molecular orbital, low symmetry of geometric conformation and narrow gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital are found to correlate with the paramagnetism of singlet Li₃Al ₄ ^? . The origin of the paramagnetism is explained. In triplet Li₃Al ₄ ^? , the two outmost orbitals are degenerate, causing a conversion from the paramagnetism to diamagnetism.     

An Ab Initio Study of C2H2.H2, C2H2.N2, and C2H2.Ar Complexes

Ab initio calculations at the post Hartree–Fock level were performed on complexes of acetylene with hydrogen, nitrogen, and argon. Total energies, optimum geometries, and binding energies were calculated, using the 6-311G** and the 6-31+G(2df,2pd) basis sets. Calculations showed the complexes to be more stable than the separate entities, with the exception of the acetylene–hydrogen complex.     

硫代樟脑光化学反应的理论研究

运用量子化学方法优化了硫代樟脑的最低5个电子态(S₀, T₁, S₁, T₂和S₂)的结构, 并计算了它们的相对能量. 计算结果表明: S₁, T₁和T₂态的能量非常接近, 而S₂的能量远远高于T₂态, 这与之前对几种小的硫代羰基化合物的研究结论一致. 确定了硫代樟脑分子在T₁态发生β-插入反应和类Norrish II型反应的机理, 计算的势垒相对于S₀的振动零点分别为314.1和332.6 kJ/mol. 在400 nm波长的光的照射下, 分子被激发到S₁态, 此时分子没有足够的能量发生反应, 只能通过内转换回到基态. 当激发光波长在254 nm时, 硫代樟脑分子被激发到S₂态, 这时候体系有了足够的内部能量使反应发生. 实验上已经观察到此激发光波长下, 气态硫代樟脑可以发生β-插入反应和类Norrish II型反应.     

A Theoretical Study of LiHe+ n , NaHe+ n , and MgHe+ n Complexes, with n=1, 2, 3, 4

The LiHe⁺ _n , the NaHe⁺ _n , and the MgHe⁺ _n complexes with n=1, 2, 3, 4 were studied using ab initio calculations with the MP2/6-311+G(3df, 3pd) method. The complexes are found to be stable. For the n=1 complexes, previous results were available and the calculations performed are in good agreement with those results. This lends credibility to the results obtained for the complexes with higher n.     

On the importance of orbital localization in QC‐DMRG calculations

We investigate the importance of orbital localization in the application of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) technique to ab initio studies of molecular electronic structure. Our previous implementation of DMRG has been generalized to allow for the use of localized nonorthogonal orbitals. Simple cycles of equidistant hydrogen atoms, which are good examples of one dimensional metal‐like lattices with fully delocalized electronic structures, have been taken as test models. In this study, the efficiency of the DMRG method and the importance of orbital localization for the generation of the DMRG building blocks are confirmed. However, it is found that the convergence of the procedure based on nonorthogonal orbitals is slower and requires more DMRG components than the standard orthogonal formulation. Symmetrically orthonormalized atomic orbitals are shown to be a good compromise solution: they satisfy the requirement of orbital localization for the generation of the DMRG blocks and improve the convergence, reducing the number of components of the DMRG expansion. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012     

Studies on the Kinetics of the FO CO Reaction

IntroductionAproposedcycleinvolvingtheFOradicalsisl:ThecontributionofthiscycletothecatalyticdestrUctionofozoneisdeterndnedbythefirststep.Thereaction(l)isalsothoughttobeapossiblesinkforatInosphericCO2.Baueretal.3gavearateconstantofl.24.lO-i3cm3/sforreaction(l),whichwasbelievedtobecorrectwithinafactorof2at9(X)-l4(X)K.Theactivationenergywasestimatedtobe46.OkJ/mol.Bedzhanyanetal.4reportedk<4xlO-\"and<5xlO-l6cm3/sat3ooand55OK,respectively.Alowerbarrierofl3.8kJ/molcanbeextrapoIated.Francisco…     

Quantum chemistry of quantum size‐effects in semiconductors: Small clusters electronic structure calculations

Ab initio RHF SCF calculations are used for some small clusters M_xX_y, where M=Cd, Ag; X=S, I; and x, y≤7. Variation of electronic structure with size for some clusters with the bulklike tetrahedral coordination and with the lower symmetry allows one to predict their possible geometries which are compared with experimental data on the existence of the clusters. The chemical‐bonding factor (the chemical nature of bounded atoms, coordination number for metal and nonmetal atoms, hybridization, etc.) is of more importance for properties of the clusters than is the familiar quantum confinement effect of semiconductor clusters. The essential difference in regularities of small cluster formation is analyzed for CdS‐ and AgI‐based structures. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 71: 337–341, 1999     

Experimental and Ab Initio Equilibrium Structures of cis-Thionylimide,HNSO: Estimation of the Laurie Correction

The equilibrium structure of cis-thionylimide, HNSO has been determined using high-level ab initio calculations and various experimental procedures. The Laurie correction to the N-H bond length is discussed and it is shown that it can be estimated by ab initio methods. The results are found to be in good agreement and the best equilibrium structure is (in Å for the bond lengths): r(N–H) = 1.020(1), r(N–S) = 1.510(2), r(S–O) = 1.448(1), (HNS) = 115.94(39)°, and (NSO) = 120.44(10)°.