基于图像分析技术的实用相位恢复去包裹技术

相位恢复去包裹技术是相移干涉中的重要环节。本文介绍一种去包裹的新算法 ,该算法基于相位连续平滑的特点 ,在传统算法的基础上 ,提出包裹点判断门限的智能确定方法。引入图像分析处理技术 ,以识别并修正传统算法产生的误差点和由于误差点延伸产生的畸变点。应用结果表明 ,此算法不但计算量小 ,速度快 ,而且极大地降低了去包裹操作引起的相位信息变形失真的可能性 ,保证了较高的相位恢复精度。该算法在连续平滑相位相移干涉测量中具有很好的实用性     

A multi-purpose phase modulator for one beam ESPI

This paper proposes a simple, compact, practical, less nonlinear, less decorrelation and multi-purpose phase modulator for one beam ESPI which can be used perform both phase shifting and fringe carriering techniques. Theory together with experimental demonstrations are presented.     

高精度全息干涉计量—相移技术的应用

本文介绍了一种精确的全息干涉相位测量系统。采用双曝光、双参考光束,并引入相移技术,能够同时获得全场256×256个点的相位变化值;相位测量的重复性优于2％,全场处理时间少于2分钟。     

高功率微波振荡器的相位控制

基于相对论返波管振荡器,提出了一种小信号牵引相位控制的方法,通过外加小信号对振荡器起振过程的引导,实现对输出微波的相位控制。相比于传统的方法,该方法可以利用ns量级的脉冲在较宽的带宽和较低的注入功率下实现对高功率微波振荡器的相位控制。在X波段相对论返波管振荡器相位控制实验中,利用百kW级的小信号,实现了对GW级高功率微波的输出相位控制,相位抖动小于±15°。     

双点干涉法位相缺陷检测中的解相算法比较

双点光源移相干涉测量是大口径光学元件位相缺陷检测的一种重要方法。为了分析双点干涉中误差对解相算法的影响,首先给出相位缺陷检测的系统结构和理论模型,在此基础上,针对测量过程中主要存在的一次移相误差、二次移相误差、光强误差和随机振动误差,研究了Hariharan 5帧移相算法、13帧移相算法和迭代随机移相算法的解相误差,并进行了仿真分析。结果表明,针对这几种误差源,13帧算法解相精度整体优于5帧法,迭代随机移相算法解相效果优于13帧法和5帧法,当这几种误差按实际指标同时作用时,迭代随机移相算法解相误差RMS小于5帧法和13帧法,PV值稳定在0.5 nm以内。由于随机振动占主要作用,说明迭代随机移相算法受误差影响很小。     

干涉成像系统传递函数的数值分析

干涉仪系统传递函数能有效地表征系统相位成像的性能。通过假设干涉成像系统是复振幅的线性平移不变系统,模拟计算正弦相位光栅和相位台阶这两类标准相位物体的成像,确定干涉仪系统传递函数。数值分析结果表明:系统传递函数随着波像差的增加而减小;干涉成像系统对小幅度相位（远小于1 rad）成像是近似线性的,而对大幅度相位(大于0.5 rad）成像则是明显非线性的。当正弦相位的幅度为1时,系统传递函数在1/2和1/3截止频率处出现明显的急剧下降。高度为/2的相位台阶成像时,系统传递函数随着空间频率的增加而缓慢地降低。 The performance of phase imaging in interferometric imaging system is well characterized by the system transfer function (STF). The STF of the interferometric imaging system is analyzed numerically by assuming that the system is linear and shift-invariant for the complex field. Two standard phase objects, sinusoidal phase grating and phase step, are employed and simulated to determine the STF. Numerical simulation results show that the STF decreases as the wavefront aberration of interferometric imaging system increases. It also shows that the interferometric imaging system is approximately linear for small phase (far less than 1 rad) but explicitly nonlinear for large phase (larger than 0.5 rad). The STF has a visible drop at one half or one third of the cut-off frequency of the imaging system when the amplitude of sinusoidal phase is 1 rad. For a phase step with a height of /2 rad, the STF has no visible drop but decreases slowly with the increasing of spatial frequency. The results provide a useful guidance to the design of interferometer and the measurement of STF and power spectrum density in experiment.     

基于压缩传感的纯相位物体相位恢复

传统的相位恢复算法通过双强度或者单强度测量的数据进行迭代运算以恢复丢失的相位信息, 它要求采样数据必须满足香农采样定理.当成像的分辨率较高时, 大量的测量数据势必会对数据采样设备提出更多的要求.因此, 为减少采样负担, 本文提出了一种基于压缩传感的相位恢复算法, 通过在傅里叶面的少量单强度测量数据, 应用改进的混合输入输出算法来恢复纯相位物体的相位分布.在采样数据远小于采样定理所需的条件时, 该算法仍能精确地恢复相位分布具有分块均匀特征的纯相位物体.数值仿真实验表明该算法具有良好的收敛性能. 关键词： 相位恢复 压缩传感     

相移测量技术中相移器研究

本文介绍一种用于相移测量技术的相移器。该相移器由计算机通过Ｄ／Ａ接口板自动控制输出电压幅度，其电路采用闭环控制，位移由压电晶体产生，具有很高的电压稳定度（０１％）和较小的相移误差（小于３°）。描述相移器的结构、驱动源工作原理及相移器标定方法     

Analysis of the injection-locked magnetron with a mismatched circulator

Based on the scatter matrix of the four-port lossless mismatched circulator, the phase differential equation of the injection-locked magnetron is derived by comparing different effects of the mismatched and perfect circulator on the injection ratio. Besides, the locking range of the injection-locked magnetron with the mismatched circulator is deduced by functional operation. In addition, the phase differential equation and the locked bandwidth of the injection-locked system with a mismatched circulator are compared with those of the small injection-ratio case with a perfect circulator. The influence of the circulator reflection coefficient on the injection-locked magnetron is also analyzed by numerical calculation.Theoretical analysis shows that the decrement of the locked bandwidth is less than 1% and decrement of the stable phase difference is less than 1.2% when the reflection coefficient is less than 0.1.     

Array illumination with minimal non-uniformity based on generalized phase contrast

The generalized phase contrast method (GPC) has been previously shown to be an efficient technique for generating array illumination and is thus highly suitable for such applications as dynamic multiple beam trapping and optical micromanipulation. However, projected arrays usually exhibit intensity roll-offs that may be undesirable for some applications. We show that the uniformity of GPC-generated array illuminations can be improved using intuitive corrections to the input spatial phase modulation, by increasing or decreasing it to respectively raise or lower the intensity of the corresponding output spots to improve uniformity. This is combined with matching corrections to the phase shift introduced by the phase contrast filter. Results from numerical experiments show that the array illumination uniformity error improves from over 40% to less than 1% while maintaining the efficiency prior to implementing corrections.     

Three-spin interaction Ising model with a nondegenerate ground state at zero applied field

The field-temperature phase diagram of a two-dimensional, three-spin interaction Ising model is studied using two different methods: mean field approximation and numerical transfer matrix techniques. The former leads to a rather rich phase diagram in which two separate phases with different symmetries can be found, and which presents first-order transition lines, a triple point, and a critical end point, like the solid-liquid-gas phase diagram of a pure compound. The numerical transfer matrix study confirms part of these results, but does not clearly evidence the existence of the less symmetric phase.     

Design of Continuous Phase Screens by Global/Local United Search Algorithm for Focal-plane Irradiance Profile Control

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Noise-insensitive iterative method for interferogram processing

We have developed and numerically evaluated an iterative algorithm for interferogram processing, which includes the Fourier-transform method, the Gerchberg-Papoulis algorithm and Wiener's filter-based regularization used in combination. Using a signal-to-noise ratio of not less than 1, it has been possible to reconstruct the phase of an object field with an accuracy better than 5%.     

基于随机相位调制的数字全息相移量提取方法

提出了一种在相移数字全息中提取相移角的方法.该方法通过在相移数字全息中引入随机相位板对物光波的相位进行调制,使得物光波在全息面上的相位分布成为近似理想的随机分布,进而根据这种随机分布的统计性质对相移角进行提取.计算机模拟结果表明,该方法提取出的相移角与设定的相移角之间的相对误差小于千分之一.同时,经过对比采用随机相位板和不采用随机相位板的计算结果发现,物体衍射光波在全息面上的相位分布具有一定的相关性.     

无规位相板在实现靶面均匀辐照方面的性能分析

数值分析的结果表明：尽管实际辐照靶面的激光光束其振幅和位相是涨落变化的，但是，使用无规位相板同样能改善光束辐照靶面的均匀化程度；无规位相板取不同的无规位相分布对靶面辐照均匀化的影响较小。还讨论了靶面离焦时其光强分布的变化情况。     

相对论返波管注入锁相的数值模拟

给出了一种基于梯形慢波结构的相对论返波管结构,并采用2.5维全电磁PIC粒子模拟软件对其前端注入锁相进行了模拟研究。注入功率从二极管区注入相对论返波管中,注入功率50 kW,注入比$48.3dB时,返波管输出的相位抖动在±20°范围内,并拟合了返波管相位抖动与注入功率之间关系,给出了判断返波管相位抖动大小的经验公式。注入功率提高至120 MW,注入比$14.5 dB时,注入信号对相对论返波管输出的频率实现了牵引。     

常温高压下石膏在水中溶解及相变现象的研究

 研究常温下200~1 100 MPa压力范围内石膏的Raman光谱,原位观测了随压力升高,石膏在水中的溶解现象,其过程中伴随着石膏的相变。结果表明：压力小于407 MPa时,石膏的形态无明显变化;随着压力的升高,石膏开始溶解,溶解至一定程度,石膏发生了向半水石膏转化的相变;相变完成后,半水石膏继续溶解至消失。石膏这一溶解相变过程表明在地球内部与压力相应的深部区域内,也可能会发生矿物的溶解相变。     

杨振宁学术成就——量子不可积相位因子和规范场的积分表示

简要介绍杨振宁的一项重要学术贡献。一般物理学界人士都熟悉杨振宁在现代物理学中的三项伟大贡献：（1）非阿贝尔规范场理论；（2）杨－Baxter方程；（3）弱互作用宇称不守恒。文章介绍的是在这三大贡献之外的一项较少为人知的重要贡献：量子不可积相位因子和规范场的积分表示。     

基于相位调制-解调的光纤激光相位噪声检测方法研究

在主动相位控制相干合成中,常用的光纤激光主动相位控制方法主要有外差法、多抖动法和随机并行梯度下降算法等. 基于多抖动法和外差法的原理,提出了一种新型的基于相位调制-解调的相位检测与控制方法. 该方法利用周期信号对参考光进行相位调制,将调制后的参考光与待检测信号光进行相干检测,通过对相干光强信号和相位调制信号的融合处理,实现相位噪声的检测和控制. 对该方法进行了数值模拟和实验研究. 实验结果表明,对于频率为2 kHz,噪声范围为[0,2π)的正弦噪声,相位检测精度优于λ/50,控制精度可达 关键词： 光纤激光 相干合成 相位噪声检测 调制-解调     

新型有机聚合物光子射频2路移相器的设计

以3dB带宽为12GHz的有机聚合物光子射频2路移相器的理论设计为目标，设计了一种新型的有机聚合物射频（RF）移相器，并对其光波导结构及电极系统进行了仿真。分析了移相器的输出特性，可在两个端口实现360°的连续线性移相，并且输出功率波动小于3dB。该器件移相性能好，体积小，有利于阵列集成。