共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 703 毫秒
1.
de Jesus Rodrigues Santos W Lima PR Tarley CR Kubota LT 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2007,389(6):1919-1929
Despite the increasing number of applications of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) in analytical chemistry, the synthesis
of polymers with hemin introduced as the catalytic center to mimic the active site of peroxidase remains as a challenge. In
the current work, a new type of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized with 4-aminophenol (4-APh) as the template
and two monomers: hemin, which acts as the catalytic center, and methacrylic acid (MAA), which is used to build the active
sites. This work shows that MIP successfully mimics peroxidase. For this purpose, a flow injection analysis system coupled
to an amperometric detector was investigated through multivariate analysis. The determination of 4-APh was not affected by
the equimolar presence of structurally similar phenol compounds, including catechol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2-aminophenol,
guaiachol, chloroguaiachol and 2-cresol, thus highlighting the good performance of the imprinted polymer. Under the optimized
experimental conditions, an analytical curve covering a wide linear response range from 0.8 up to 500 μmol L−1 (r > 0.999) was obtained, and the method gave satisfactory precisions (n = 8), as evaluated via the relative standard deviation (RSD), of 4.1 and 3.2% for solutions of 4-APh of 50 and 500 μmol L−1, respectively. Recoveries of 96–111% from water samples (tap water and river water) spiked with 4-APh were achieved, thus
illustrating the accuracy of the proposed system.
Figure Schematic presentation of the synthesis of the MIP 相似文献
2.
Gadzała-Kopciuch R Cendrowski K Cesarz A Kiełbasa P Buszewski B 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2011,401(7):2069-2078
This study presents a selective method of isolation of zearalenone (ZON) and its metabolite, α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), in neoplastically
changed human tissue by accelerated solvent and ultrasonic extractions using a mixture of acetonitrile/water (84/16% v/v) as the extraction solvent. Extraction effectiveness was determined through the selection of parameters (composition of the
solvent mixture, temperature, pressure, number of cycles) with tissue contamination at the level of nanograms per gram. The
produced acetonitrile/water extracts were purified, and analytes were enriched in columns packed with homemade molecularly
imprinted polymers. Purified extracts were determined by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with different detection systems
(diode array detection - DAD and mass spectrometry - MS) involving the Ascentis RP-Amide as a stationary phase and gradient
elution. The combination of UE-MISPE-LC (ultrasonic extraction - molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction - liquid chromatography)
produced high (R ≈ 95–98%) and repeatable (RSD < 3%) recovery values for ZON and α-ZOL. 相似文献
3.
A novel thermal desorption technique using a direct-probe device (Chromatoprobe) attached to a gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer
is presented for the thermal pretreatment, characterisation and analysis of molecularly imprinted polymers. The technique
is demonstrated as effective for the removal of volatile materials, including template and unreacted monomers, from methacrylic
acid–ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymers imprinted with 2-aminopyridine. Mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for
polymer bleed characterisation. Thermal desorption studies on reloaded template and related compounds are reported as a means
of assessing polymer morphology, specific binding by imprinted polymers compared with reference non-imprinted polymers and
selective binding by an imprinted polymer for its template. Calibration studies on the thermal desorption technique using
an internal standard are presented with R
2 > 0.999. The technique provides a novel method for assessment of polymer thermal stability, composition and morphology. 相似文献
4.
Imprinted polymers are now being increasingly considered for active biomedical uses such as drug delivery. In this work, the
use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in designing new drug delivery devices was studied. Imprinted polymers were prepared
from methacrylic acid (functional monomer), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (cross-linker), and bromhexine (as a drug template)
using bulk polymerization method. The influence of the template/functional monomer proportion and pH on the achievement of
MIPs with pore cavities with a high enough affinity for the drug was investigated. The polymeric devices were further characterized
by FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and binding experiments. The imprinted polymers showed
a higher affinity for bromhexine and a slower release rate than the non-imprinted polymers. The controlled release of bromhexine
from the prepared imprinted polymers was investigated through in vitro dissolution tests by measuring absorbance at λ
max of 310 nm by HPLC-UV. The dissolution media employed were hydrochloric acid at the pH level of 3.0 and phosphate buffers,
at pH levels of 6.0 and 8.0, maintained at 37.0 and 25.0 ± 0.5 °C. Results from the analyses showed the ability of MIP polymers
to control the release of bromhexine In all cases The imprinted polymers showed a higher affinity for bromhexine and a slower
release rate than the non-imprinted polymers. At the pH level of 3.0 and at the temperature of 25 °C, slower release of bromhexine
imprinted polymer occurred. 相似文献
5.
Francis Canon Alexandre Giuliani Franck Paté Pascale Sarni-Manchado 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,398(2):815-822
Superporous monolithic hydrogels (cryogel monoliths) are elastic, sponge-like materials that can be prepared in an aqueous
medium through a cryotropic gelation technique. These monoliths show interesting properties for the development of high-throughput
solid-phase extraction supports to treat large volumes of aqueous samples. In this work, a cryogel-supported molecularly imprinted
solid-phase extraction approach for the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) from river water and wine samples is presented.
An imprinted polymer with molecular recognition properties for BPA was prepared in acetonitrile by thermal polymerization
of a mixture of 4,4′-dihydroxy-2,2-diphenyl-1,1,1,3,3,3-trifluoropropane as a mimic template of BPA, 4-vinylpyridine and trimethylolpropane
trimethacrylate in a molar ratio of 1 + 6 + 6. Fine imprinted particles (<10 μm) were embedded in a poly-acrylamide-co-N,N′-methylenbisacrylamide cryogel obtained by ammonium persulfate-induced cryopolymerization at −18 °C. The resulting monolithic
gel was evaluated for its use as a sorbent support in an off-line solid-phase extraction approach to recover BPA from dilute
aqueous samples with minimum pre-loading work-up. The optimized extraction protocol resulted in a reliable MISPE method suitable
to selectively extract and preconcentrate BPA from river water and red wine samples, demonstrating the practical feasibility
of cryogel-trapped imprinted polymers as solid-phase extraction materials 相似文献
6.
《Journal of separation science》2018,41(2):590-601
Molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared using the molecular structure analogs of sanshool as template molecule, 2‐vinylpyridine and β‐cyclodextrin as double functional monomers, ethylene dimethacrylate as cross linker, and azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The structural characteristics of the polymers were determined by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Dynamic adsorption and isothermal adsorption were also investigated. The molecularly imprinted polymers were used to prepare a molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction column in order to separate acid amide components from pepper oil resin derived from Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum). After eluting, the percentage of acid amide components was enhanced to 92.40 ± 1.41% compared with 23.34 ± 1.21% in the initial pepper oil resin, indicating good properties of purification of molecularly imprinted polymers and potential industrial application. 相似文献
7.
Tianhao Li Xiufang Li Hui Liu Zhiwei Deng Yunshan Zhang Zhuomin Zhang Yao He Yanjing Yang Shian Zhong 《Journal of separation science》2020,43(18):3683-3690
Molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared via β‐cyclodextrin‐stabilized oil‐in‐water Pickering emulsion polymerization for selective recognition and adsorption of erythromycin. The synthesized molecularly imprinted polymers were spherical in shape, with diameters ranging from 20 to 40 µm. The molecularly imprinted polymers showed high adsorption capacity (87.08 mg/g) and adsorption isotherm data fitted well with Langmuir model. Adsorption kinetics study demonstrated that the molecularly imprinted polymers acted in a fast adsorption kinetic pattern and the adsorption features of molecularly imprinted polymers followed a pseudo‐first‐order model. Adsorption selectivity analysis revealed that molecularly imprinted polymers had a much better specificity for erythromycin than that for spiramycin or amoxicillin, and the relative selectivity coefficient values on the bases of spiramycin and amoxicillin were 3.97 and 3.86, respectively. The Molecularly imprinted polymers also showed a satisfactory reusability after four times of regeneration. In addition, molecularly imprinted polymers exhibited good adsorption capacities for erythromycin under complicated environment, that is, river water and milk. These results proved that the as‐prepared molecularly imprinted polymers is a potent absorbent for selective recognition of erythromycin, and therefore it may be a promising candidate for practical applications, such as wastewater treatment and detection of erythromycin residues in food. 相似文献
8.
多壁碳纳米管表面过氧化苯甲酰印迹复合材料的制备及固相萃取应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以过氧化苯甲酰(BOP)为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用热聚合法在多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)表面制备印迹聚合物(MWNTs-MIPs)。采用红外和热重分析等技术对聚合物结构进行表征。采用液相色谱考察该分子印迹聚合物对过氧化苯甲酰的吸附特性。结果表明该印迹聚合物对过氧化苯甲酰表现出特异性吸附,该印迹聚合物对模板分子存在一种结合位点,其最大表观结合量为56.20 µmol/g。该印迹聚合物成功应用于固相萃取富集面粉中微量过氧化苯甲酰,浓度富集因子为526。 相似文献
9.
Novel multitemplate molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared using mixtures of chlorogenic acid and rutinum as molecular templates, acrylamide as a functional monomer, divinylbenzene as the cross-linker, and 20:80 methanol:acetone as the porogen. The polymers were assessed for solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the purification of two compounds from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae. The synthesized molecularly imprinted polymers were identified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Systematic characterization of the functional monomer and porogens on the recognition properties of the molecularly imprinted polymers were carried out. Comparison with single-template molecularly imprinted polymers showed that the multitemplate molecular polymers exhibited higher selectivity and adsorption capacity for multiple analytes. The optimization of washing solvent as 1:9 acetone:water and the elution solvent as 9:1 acetonitrile:acetic acid provided a reliable analytical method with strong recognition toward multiple analytes in Herba Artemisiae Scopariae extracts with satisfactory recoveries of 89.6% for chlorogenic acid and 93.8% for rutinum. These results demonstrate that the multitemplate molecularly imprinted polymers coupled with SPE are effective for the selective purification of bioactive compounds in complex samples. 相似文献
10.
Development of molecularly imprinted polymeric nanofibers by electrospinning and applications to pesticide adsorption
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F. Ruggieri A. A. D'Archivio D. Di Camillo L. Lozzi M. A. Maggi R. Mercorio S. Santucci 《Journal of separation science》2015,38(8):1402-1410
Novel polystyrene‐based molecularly imprinted polymer nanofibers were synthesized through the electrospinning technique. The molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared using a non‐covalent approach and atrazine as template. For comparison, nonimprinted polymer nanofibers were also synthesized. The morphology of the synthesized nanofibers was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption of pesticides, atrazine, atrazine desisopropyl, atraton, carboxin, linuron, and chlorpyrifos was studied under equilibrium (batch) conditions. To describe the adsorption capability of the synthesized polymers, Langmuir and Freundlich models were used. The Freundlich model provided a better mathematical approximation of the sorption characteristic for polymers nanofibers. To evaluate the adsorption capacity in the presence of interferents experiments on river water samples spiked with a mixture of six pesticides were also performed. The results obtained for the highest concentration levels investigated, show a greater amount of pesticide adsorbed on molecularly imprinted polymers and non‐imprinted polymers compared to those obtained using commercial stationary phases used as reference. 相似文献
11.
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers synthesized by surface‐initiated reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization for the enrichment and determination of synthetic estrogens in aqueous solution
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Fangfang Chen Jingjing Zhang Minjun Wang Jie Kong 《Journal of separation science》2015,38(15):2670-2676
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers have attracted significant interest because of their multifunctionality of selective recognition of target molecules and rapid magnetic response. In this contribution, magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized via surface‐initiated reversible addition addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization using diethylstilbestrol as the template for the enrichment of synthetic estrogens. The uniform imprinted surface layer and the magnetic property of the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers favored a fast binding kinetics and rapid analysis of target molecules. The static and selective binding experiments demonstrated a desirable adsorption capacity and good selectivity of the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers in comparison to magnetic non‐molecularly imprinted polymers. Accordingly, a corresponding analytical method was developed in which magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were employed as magnetic solid‐phase extraction materials for the concentration and determination of four synthetic estrogens (diethylstilbestrol, hexestrol, dienestrol, and bisphenol A) in fish pond water. The recoveries of these synthetic estrogens in spiked fish pond water samples ranged from 61.2 to 99.1% with a relative standard deviation of lower than 6.3%. This study provides a versatile approach to prepare well‐defined magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers sorbents for the analysis of synthetic estrogens in water solution. 相似文献
12.
Yufang Hu Zhaohui Zhang Huabin Zhang Lijuan Luo Shouzhuo Yao 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2012,16(3):857-867
A sensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was developed for selective detection of streptomycin by combination
of mercaptoacetic acid-modified PbS nanoparticles with Au-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes doped chitosan film. The imprinted sensor was fabricated onto
the Au electrode via stepwise modification of nanocomposites and an electrodeposited thin film of molecularly imprinted polymers
via sol–gel technology. The morphologies and electrochemical behaviors of the imprinted sensor were characterized by scanning
electron microscope, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry, respectively. The prepared sensor showed very
high recognition ability and selectivity for streptomycin. Under optimal conditions, the imprinted sensor displayed good electrocatalytic
activity to the redox of streptomycin. And the differential voltammetric anodic peak current was linear to the logarithm of
streptomycin concentration in the range from 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−3 mol L−1, and the detection limit obtained was 1.5 × 10−9 mol L−1. This proposed imprinted sensor was used successfully for streptomycin determination in different injection solution samples. 相似文献
13.
A rapid, specific, and sensitive method has been developed using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as solid-phase extraction
sorbents for extraction of trace tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in foodstuffs. MIPs were prepared by precipitation polymerization
using tetracycline as the template. Under the optimal condition, the imprinting factors for MIPs were 4.1 (oxytetracycline),
7.0 (tetracycline), 7.4 (chlortetracycline), 7.7 (doxycycline), respectively. Furthermore, the performance of MIPs as solid-phase
extraction sorbents was evaluated and high extraction efficiency of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) procedure
was demonstrated. Compared with commercial sorbents, MISPE gave a better cleanup efficiency than C18 cartridge and a higher
recovery than Oasis HLB cartridge. Finally, the method of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry coupled with molecular-imprinted
solid-phase extraction was validated in real samples including lobster, duck, honey, and egg. The spiked recoveries of TCs
ranged from 94.51% to 103.0%. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.1–0.3 μg kg−1.
Chromatograms obtained by direct injection of the spiked egg extracts (5 × 10-3 mmol L−1) and purification with MISPE 相似文献
14.
To obtain a highly selective material for the antibiotic chloramphenicol, which has several harmful side effects in humans,
different molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared. In order to avoid a major traditional drawback associated with
MIPs of residual template bleeding, molecules that are structurally related to chloramphenicol were used as templates for
polymer synthesis. Chromatographic evaluation indicated that the employed template imparted a significant influence on the
recognition properties of the corresponding polymer. A strong retention of chloramphenicol under nonpolar elution conditions
(k = 68.03, IF = 17.72) and under aqueous elution conditions (k = 92.44, IF = 1.35) was achieved. After chromatographic evaluation, the MIP was utilized as the recognition sorbent in a
solid-phase extraction to determine chloramphenicol using either an organic or aqueous washing solvent. Recoveries of nearly
100% from the chloramphenicol standard solution and nearly 90% from honey samples spiked with chloramphenicol were attained.
Furthermore, the applicability of the MIP for sample cleanup was demonstrated. 相似文献
15.
A novel molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction (MISPE) with flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) was developed
for the determination of pazufloxacin mesilate (PZFX). The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized by using PZFX
as the imprinting molecule. A glass tube packed the particles of the MIP was employed as MISPE micro-column, which was connected
into the sampling loop of the eight-way injection valve for on-line selective preconcentration and extraction of PZFX. The
eluent of acetonitrile:acetic acid (9:1, v:v) was used as carrier for eluting the adsorbed PZFX to react with the mixture
of cerium(IV) and sodium sulfite in the flow cell to produce strong CL. The relative intensity of CL was linear to PZFX concentration
in the range from 2.5 × 10−9 to 2.5 × 10−7 g mL−1. The limit of detection was 7 × 10−10 g mL−1 (3 σ) and the relative standard deviation for 5 × 10−8 g mL−1of PZFX solution was 3.7% (n = 7). This method has been applied to the determination of PZFX in human urine. 相似文献
16.
Six molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) of erythromycin (ERY) were prepared by noncovalent bulk polymerization using methacrylic
acid (MAA) as the functional monomer. On the basis of binding analysis, the MIPs with 1:2 optimum ratio of template to MAA
were selected for subsequent scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analyses, which indicated that the MIPs
had more convergent porous structures than the nonimprinted polymers. The equilibrium binding experiments showed that the
binding sites of MIPs were heterogeneous, with two dissociation constants of 0.005 and 0.63 mg mL−1, respectively. Furthermore, the performance of the MIPs as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents was evaluated, and the selectivity
analysis showed that the MIPs could recognize ERY with moderate cross-reactivity for other macrolides. The overall investigation
of molecularly imprinted SPE for cleanup and enrichment of the ERY in pig muscle and tap water confirmed the feasibility of
utilizing the MIPs obtained as specific SPE sorbents for ERY extraction in real samples.
Figure Schematic diagram of the preparation and application of the erythromycin imprinted molecularly imprinted polymers
Suquan Song and Aibo Wu contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
17.
《Journal of separation science》2018,41(16):3318-3327
A novel type of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was prepared for the selective enrichment and isolation of chelerythrine from Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared using functional Fe3O4@SiO2 as a magnetic support, chelerythrine as template, methacrylic acid as functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross‐linker. Density functional theory at the B3LYP/6‐31G (d, p) level with Gaussian 09 software was applied to calculate the interaction energies of chelerythrine, methacrylic acid and the complexes formed from chelerythrine and methacrylic acid in different ratios. The structural features and morphology of the synthesized polymers were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and vibration sample magnetometry. Adsorption experiments revealed that the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers possessed rapid kinetics, high selectivity, and a higher binding capacity (7.96 mg/g) to chelerythrine than magnetic molecularly non‐imprinted polymers (2.36 mg/g). The adsorption process was in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetics models. Furthermore, the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were successfully employed as adsorbents for the extraction and enrichment of chelerythrine from Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. The results indicated that the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were suitable for the selective adsorption of chelerythrine from complex samples such as natural medical plants. 相似文献
18.
The synthesis and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) used as a selective solid-phase extraction sorbent and
coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the efficient determination of sulfamerazine (SMR) in pond water
and three fishes are reported. The polymer was prepared using SMR as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional
monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinking monomer in the presence of tetrahydrofuran as the solvent.
The SMR-imprinted polymers and nonimprinted polymers were characterized by FT-IR and static adsorption experiments. The prepared
SMR-imprinted material showed a high adsorption capacity, significant selectivity and good site accessibility. The maximum
static adsorption capacities of the SMR-imprinted and nonimprinted materials for SMR were 108.8 and 79.6 mg g−1, respectively. The relative selectivity factor of this SMR-imprinted material was 1.6. Several parameters influencing the
solid-phase extraction process were optimized. Finally, the SMR-imprinted polymers were used as the sorbent in solid-phase
extraction to determine SMR in pond water and three fishes with satisfactory recovery. The average recoveries of the MIP-SPE
method were 94.0% in ultrapure water and 95.8% in pond water. Relative standard deviations ranging from 0.3% to 5.2% in MIP
were acquired. The results for the SMR concentrations in crucian, carp and wuchang fish were 66.0, 127.1 and 51.5 ng g−1, respectively. The RSDs (n = 5) were 3.51%, 0.53% and 5.08%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) for SMR was 1 ng g−1 and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 3.5 ng g−1. 相似文献
19.
Improved Method of Molecular Imprinting of Cyclodextrin on Silica-gel
Surface for the Preparation of Stable Stationary HPLC Phase 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
TAKAHIKO MATSUI TOMO OSAWA KAZUMI SHIRASAKA MAMI KATAYAMA TAKAYUKI HISHIYA HIROYUKI ASANUMA MAKOTO KOMIYAMA 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2006,56(1-2):39-44
By using N-(3-triethoxysilyl)propylacrylamide (TPAAm), vinyl groups were introduced onto the surface of silica-gel. On the surface of this silica-gel, β-CyD was molecularly imprinted by using a redox initiator, and the composite was used as stationary phase of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The pump pressure was sufficiently low and did not increase even after continuous elution for 24 h. In order to prepare still more stable columns, a new polymerization process was developed. There, the redox initiator was first mixed with the surface-modified silica-gel and then vinylated β-CyD, crosslinker, and the template were added. This modification promoted the immobilization of β-CyD copolymer to the silica-gel, resulting in still lower pump pressure. Concurrently, the imprinting efficiency was increased in comparison with previous method where the redox initiator was directly added to the mixture of the β-CyD–template complex, crosslinker, and surface-modified silica-gel. The molecularly imprinted β-CyD column, prepared by this new method, efficiently discriminated the enantiomers of N-benzyloxycarbonyltyrosine. 相似文献
20.
A simple and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of six fluoroquinolones from serum samples was developed by selective molecularly imprinted matrix solid-phase dispersion (MI-MSPD) coupled with chromatographic separation. By using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker and reformative methanol–water system as reaction medium, the improved water-compatible imprinted polymers were synthesized which show higher affinity to template and its analogues in aqueous environment. The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were applied as the selective dispersant of matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) could selectively extracted the six fluoroquinolones from serum, while interferences originated from serum matrices were eliminated simultaneously. Good linearity was obtained in a range of 0.05–100 μg mL−1 with the correlation coefficients >0.999. The average recoveries of the six fluoroquinolones at four different spiked levels (0.25–10 μg mL−1) were ranged from 72.2% to 114.1% with the relative standard deviations less than 6.6%. This method is simple and sensitive, and can be used as an alternative tool to the existing HPLC methods for analyzing the residues of fluoroquinolones in biological samples. 相似文献