Design of Low-Profile Millimeter-Wave Substrate Integrated Waveguide Power Divider/Combiner

A low-profile millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power divider/combiner is presented in this paper. The simplified model of this compact SIW power dividing/combining structure has been developed. Analysis based on equivalent circuits gives the design formula for perfect power dividing/combining. In order to verify the validity of the design method, a four-way SIW power divider/combiner circuit operating at Ka band is designed, fabricated and measured. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is found for the proposed passive power divider/combiner. Experiments on the four-way passive divider/combiner back-to-back design demonstrate a minimum overall insertion loss of 1.5 dB at 31.1 GHz, corresponding to a power-combining efficiency of 84%. The measured 10-dB return loss bandwidth is demonstrated to be 2.2 GHz, and its 0.5-dB bandwidth was 2 GHz.     

A method for designing a variable-channel high-power cavity combiner

Cavity combiners have been put forward for high power combining due to their advantages of larger combining ability,variable input channels and less power loss.For a high power cavity combiner,it is better to keep the power loss ratio in a reasonable range,because large power loss would lead to strict requirements on the cooling system.A combiner with variable input channels is convenient for outputting different power levels according to practical demands.In this paper,a method for designing a variable-channel high-power cavity combiner is proposed,based on the relation between input and output coupling coefficients obtained by analyzing the equivalent circuit of the cavity combiner.This method can put the designed cavity combiner in a matching state and keep its power loss rate in a reasonable range as the number of input channels changes.As an example,a cavity combiner with 500 MHz and variable input channels from 16 to 64 is designed,and the simulation results show that our proposed method is feasible.     

A MICROSTRIP PROBE COAXIAL WAVEGUIDE POWER DIVIDER/COMBINER

A novel power divider/combiner using microstrip probes array in the oversized coaxial waveguide is proposed in this paper. The simple electromagnetic modeling of this power dividing/combining structure has been developed. Analysis based on equivalent circuits gives the design formula for perfect power dividing/combining. A four-way waveguide power divider has been designed and fabricated. The measured results agree well with the simulated results. The measured 15-dB return loss bandwidth of this waveguide power divider is demonstrated to be 28.6% and its 0.5-dB insertion loss bandwidth 41.3%.     

用于速调管功率合成输出结构的转向波导设计

 为X波段高峰值功率速调管功率合成输出结构设计了一个工作在9 GHz的转向波导,用于连接功率合成器和速调管输出腔。转向波导结构由中心矩形谐振腔、两个矩形耦合孔和两边的输入输出波导组成;输入和输出波导由速调管输出腔和功率合成器确定,分别工作在TE₁₀和TE₀₁模式,它们相互垂直并偏离矩形谐振腔的中心;中间的矩形谐振腔工作在TM₁₁₀,TE₁₀₁和TE₀₁₁混合模式。这种转向波导结构的3个反射零点构成了较宽的传输通带。将连接转向波导结构的功率合成器加载到速调管输出腔,计算了功率合成器加载后速调管输出腔的间隙阻抗。计算结果表明：功率合成器的加载对输出腔间隙阻抗影响不大。设计的转向波导结构很好地应用到了速调管功率合成输出结构中。     

紧凑型矩形波导内功率合成器设计

介绍了一种基于常规速调管功率合成和脉冲压缩的微波源系统,为实现多路高峰值功率速调管的功率合成,设计了一种紧凑型、近平面结构的微波功率合成器。在2.856 GHz频点处,合成器各端口反射损耗和相对端口隔离度均大于45 dB。当两路峰值功率为50 MW的微波功率合成时,合成器内的最大场强约为9.6 MV/m,合成效率大于99%。在四端口功率合成器的基础上,通过两级合成可实现一种八端口微波功率合成器,当四路峰值功率50 MW的微波功率合成时,合成器内最大场强约为13.5 MV/m。     

基于过模波导的高功率微波准相干功率合成器

研究了一种用于功率合成的GW级高功率微波功率合成器。该合成器工作在X波段,输入微波由2路工作频率不同的X波段的微波源产生。为了满足输出功率和功率容量的要求,用于功率合成的微波源工作段波导的过模因子为12.7,这给功率合成器的设计带来了一定的困难。着重讨论了如何利用过模波导设计X波段高功率合成器,研究了如何抑制过模波导的高次模式并提高其功率容量和传输效率。设计的功率合成器单路传输效率达到99.0%以上,允许的最大输出功率达到5.6 GW以上,还可以按照需求适当增大高度,以进一步提高其功率容量而不影响传输效率。     

A Novel Millimeter-Wave Power Combining Circuit

This paper presents the analysis and design of a novel millimeter-wave power combining circuit. This combing circuit is composed of a new style 3-dB combiner, which achieves low-loss, wide-band, and symmetric power division. Different from conventional Wilkinson hybrid, the proposed combiner requires no isolating resistor, and is easier fabricated and more suitable for millimeter integrate circuits. Analytical and experimental work on a two-way combining circuit with wave-guide ports in Ka-band shows the combiner has an insertion loss of 0.2dB, and a power-combining efficiency above 80% in 32–33GHz is obtained.     

Optimization calculation of solid state power combining source of waveguide cavity

The optimization theory and calculation for waveguide cavity solid state power combiner in centimeter-wave and millimeter-wave region are discussed. The optimization theory of the combiner is to obtain the best structure and the best parameters by CAD(computer-aided design) technique so that higher output power, higher combining efficiency, compactness and steady properties can be achieved for the combiner.     

T形高功率微波功率合成器的初步实验研究

 初步实验研究一种新型插片式功率合成器,它具有结构紧凑、容易加工、功率容量高等优点。该器件通过在两个相互垂直的过模矩形波导中放置两组金属插板,来实现线极化高功率微波的双路非相干通道功率合成。在对该器件进行初步结构优化设计的基础上,对器件进行了初步实验研究。冷测实验结果表明：该器件在两个通道中均有效实现了单模传输,器件的反射损耗小于0.4 dB;热测实验结果表明：器件可以承受2 GW以上的高功率,功率容量满足需求。     

一种矩形腔式高功率合成器的设计

研究了一种基于矩形腔式功率合成的射频高功率合成器。该合成器可以实现功放模块与合成器的直接耦合,合成效率高,功率容量大,且功率容量可调,可以很好地满足目前CiADS中对固态发射机功率容量的梯度要求。12合1矩形腔式功率合成器仿真结果表明,合成器各输入端到输出端的幅度传输和相位传输具有很好的一致性,最大偏差分别在0.05 dB和0.5°以内,调节功放模块数量可以调节发射机的功率容量。     

一种T形高功率微波功率合成器

提出了一种新型功率合成器,其工作原理为:通过在两个相互垂直的过模矩形波导中放置两组相互垂直的金属插板,对具有不同极化方向的矩形波导TE10模进行隔离传输,实现高功率微波的双路通道功率合成。基于这一原理初步设计了一个中心频率为9.55 GHz的功率合成器,并进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:这种功率合成器可以承受高功率,单通道工作时的功率容量分别大于7.31 GW和6.83 GW,中心频率上两个通道的单模功率传输效率分别达到了98%和99%,反射损耗分别小于-36 dB和-21 dB,通道之间的耦合损耗分别小于-30 dB和-45 dB。     

Broadband Analysis of Holographic Power Combining Circuits

Holography is a promising technique for power combining applications in the frequency range of short millimeter and submillimeter waves. In this paper, quasi-optical holographic power combining circuits are investigated. An equivalent network is utilized which rigorously models horn arrays and biperiodic dielectric structures in order to design computer-generated holograms. We apply the network model to a 5-element quasi-optical power combiner and demonstrate its capability. The hologram is designed for 150 GHz and has an efficiency of 92.5 % with a 90 % bandwidth of 5.3 %. With the aid of a broadband waveguide power divider and a vector field measurement system, the circuit is analyzed.     

X波段高峰值功率速调管功率合成器设计

 基于微波电路理论和EBMA(extended boundary condition model analysis)电磁计算方法,先后设计了一个工作在9 GHz的4合1和8合1功率合成器。功率合成器可将多个侧壁矩形波导中相同输入的TE10模电磁波在中心圆波导中以TE01模式输出,实现功率的合成。利用EBMA方法和CST软件对所设计功率合成器的传输系数进行了计算,在中心频率9 GHz处,计算结果分别为1.00和0.99,从而验证了功率合成器具有良好的功率合成效果。对于8合1功率合成器,还根据模型简化的想法,使得功率合成器加载后,对输出腔间隙阻抗的计算成为可能。     

5 kW全光纤结构1018 nm激光合成

光纤激光同带抽运方案具有泵浦亮度高、量子亏损小等优势,有着巨大的功率提升潜力,是近年来国际上的研究热点。1018 nm光纤激光可作为高功率掺镱光纤激光器的高效同带抽运源,但是单个1018 nm光纤激光器输出功率有限,光束合成是突破这一局限的重要方案。基于19台单模1018 nm光纤激光器和一个191光纤功率合束器,搭建了一套全光纤结构激光合成系统,实现了5 kW的1018 nm合成激光输出。     

Global optimization method in millimeter wave combiner

This paper describes an algorithm which can determine the global optima of the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave resonator. The global optimization mehtod can determine a neighborhood of the global optima of an objective function and an estimation of the global optima. In this paper the objective function as follow: In the quasi-optical resonator, the objective function are the fundamental mode power, the fractional power of fundamental mode and the combining dfficiecy were done the objective functiona respectively, to calculate the global optima respectively. In the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave source in rectangular waveguide cavity. the performance parameter are presentes by combining efficiency, tuning range, frequency drift, and FM noise were done the objective functions respectively. And to calculate the global optima respectively.     

Design of a Broadband E-Plane Power Combiner Based on Quarter-Arc Bent Rectangular Waveguides for Sub-THz and THz Wave

A method of designing an E-plane power combiner composed of two quarter-arc bent rectangular waveguides is proposed for sub-THz and THz waves.The quarter-arc bent-waveguide power combiner has a simple geometry which is easy to design and fabricate.By HFSS codes,the physical mechanism and performance of the power combiner are analyzed,and the relationship between the output characteristics and the structure/operating parameters is given.Simulation results show that our power combiner is suitable for the combining of two equalpower and reversed-phase signals,the bandwidth of the combiner is wide and can be adjusted by the radius of the quarter-arc,and the isolation performance of the combiner can be improved by adding thin film resistive septa at the junction of two quarter-arc bent waveguides.Meanwhile,an approximate method based on the analytic geometrical analysis is given to design this power combiner for different frequency bands.     

Multiple Diodes Quasi-Optical Oscillater

This paper presents quasi-optics techniques, millimeter techniques and a global optimization method etc techniques. It is a structure of quasi-optics power combiner, that includes a spherical reflection, that the radius of the curvature is R and another one is a hybrid reflector that is called input reflector. The space of the both reflectors is LL. The monolithic source-array is made up of 25 Gunn diodes that are mounted of parallel brass bars that have low thermal resistance. And the bars are fixed on the inner plane surface of the hybrid reflector. The hybrid reflector made up of a plane and a spherical, that the radius of the curvature are R. It is designed that higher fundamental mode power, larger fractional power of fundamental mode power and more combining efficiency of the quasi-optics power combiner.This paper describes an algorithm, which can determine the global optima of the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave resonator. The global optimization method can determine a neighborhood of the global optima of an objective function and an estimation of the global optima. In the quasi-optical resonator, the objective functions are the fundamental mode power, the fractional power of fundamental mode and the combining efficiency respectively.     

基于二维Meniscus透镜的准光功率合成器(英文)

为了实现大功率容量和高效率的空间功率合成,将基于波导腔体的二维Meniscus透镜用于毫米波功率合成器的设计.对透镜中传输的主模(TE10波)的散射效应进行了分析,并且设计了匹配层减小透镜结构带来的反射.在30GHz频率上利用Rexolite介质的Meniscus透镜设计出了10路功率合成器,对不同结构的功率合成器和不同参数的透镜进行了研究,得到了最终的优化结果.CST-MMW的仿真结果表明该功率合成器在30GHz合成效率可以达到92.6%,并且其80%以上效率工作带宽可以覆盖整个Ka波段.     

Circuit analysis of the compound quasi-optical power combiner

In 1991, we developed a new type of quasi-optical power combiner, called a compound quasi-optical power combiner, at Ka-band. In this paper, the circuit of such a compound quasi-optical power combiner is analysed. Its equivalent circuit model is proposed. The circuit equations, the balance condition, the injection locking and the stabilized condition of the compound quasi-optical power combiner are studed by the equivalent circuit model. As an example, a compound quasi-optical power combiner which consists of two single—cavity, two—device power combiners is analysed     

A new kind of compound solid-state quasi-optical power combiner

In this paper, a new kind of solid-state quasi-optical power combiner is presented. It consists of two or more singlecavity multiple-device power combiners and a Fabry-Perot cavity. The experimenal results using six Gunn diodes at X-band show that the total output power is higher than 400 mW, the total combining efficiency is as high as 83%, and the frequency stability is better than 10^–5.