荧光光谱法研究间硝基苯胺与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

应用荧光光谱法研究间硝基苯胺与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用。激发波长为280nm,发射波长为342nm,在pH 7.50的Tris-盐酸缓冲溶液中反应150min后,间硝基苯胺对牛血清白蛋白的猝灭效果最为明显。289K,304K和318K下的结合常数分别为1.667×104,1.428×104,1.250×104L·mol-1。根据分子间的相互作用力与相关热力学参数间的相互关系,结合间硝基苯胺与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的焓变(ΔH)0和熵变(ΔS)0,可推断两者的相互作用力主要为静电作用力。结果表明:间硝基苯胺对牛血清白蛋白的荧光猝灭方式为静态猝灭,最后用紫外吸收光谱法对其作用机理进行了确认。     

齐墩果酸与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱研究

采用荧光光谱、紫外光谱技术研究了齐墩果酸(OA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用及热力学特征.结果发现,在293 K、301 K及310 K时,OA与BSA结合常数分别为3.30×104、6.22×104和1.04×105 L·mol-1,通过热力学计算得到反应的焓变和熵变.研究表明,OA能使BSA的内源荧光猝灭,并...     

荧光法研究奥沙利铂与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

在Tris缓冲溶液(pH7.0)体系中,用荧光光谱及同步荧光光谱技术研究水溶液中奥沙利铂与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用。结果表明,奥沙利铂对牛血清白蛋白内源荧光(345nm)产生较强的荧光猝灭作用,根据不同温度下奥沙利铂对牛血清白蛋白的荧光猝灭作用,证明其为静态猝灭机制,运用位点模型计算出298、308K时结合常数KA(分别为4.22×104、3.95×104L.mol-1)和结合位点数n(分别为1.02、1.01),根据热力学参数确定其作用力以静电作用为主;运用Fster偶极-偶极非辐射能量转移原理,测定了奥沙利铂与牛血清白蛋白的结合距离r(5.67nm);用同步荧光技术考察了奥沙利铂对牛血清白蛋白构像的影响。     

3-乙基苯并噻唑螺萘并噁嗪与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱法和热力学方法研究了3-乙基苯并噻唑螺萘并噁嗪(EBSN)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.结果表明,在pH为7.46的Tris-HCl及0.01mol·L-1的NaCl介质中,EBSN能强烈猝灭BSA的荧光,猝灭机理为形成复合物的静态猝灭.在298、306和313K时,两者的表观结合常数Kb分别为1.762 0×104,3.396 3×104和6.123 5×104 L·mol-1.与此同时,EBSN与BSA的结合反应是自发的,作用力主要为疏水作用力;BSA和EBSN的工作曲线分别为F0-F=2.439c-8.322和(F0-F)/F=0.061 89c+0.556 6,对BSA和EBSN的检出限分别为0.015mg·L-1和7.61×10-7 mol·L-1.     

光谱法和分子模拟研究氨氯地平与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱及分子模拟技术研究了氨氯地平与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.结果发现,氨氯地平对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,其荧光猝灭机制属于静态猝灭;其作用机制属荧光共振能量转移(FRET,Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer);由Lineweaver-Burk方程计算出不同温度下氨氯地平与BSA的亲和常数KA分别为1.214×104 L·mol-1(296K)和1.662 ×104L·mol-1 (303 K);由Van't Hoff方程计算出△H和△S分别为33.46 kJ·mol-1和191.22 J·mol-1·K-1,二者之间是典型的疏水力相互作用;该过程是一个熵驱动的自发分子间相互作用过程.分子模拟进一步揭示了氨氯地平与BSA的疏水空腔具有较好的相互作用,与光谱实验结果一致.     

高圣草素-7-O-β-D-芹糖基(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷与血清白蛋白相互作用研究

在模拟人体生理条件下,应用紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱法研究高圣草素-7-O-β-D-芹糖基(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(HAG)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)及人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合作用。结果表明:HAG对BSA和HSA的内源荧光均有显著的猝灭作用,且猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭。HAG与BSA和HSA的结合常数K分别为3.03×104L.mol-1和6.22×104L.mol-1,结合位点数n分别为0.858和0.911,结合距离r分别为2.88 nm和3.09 nm,其作用力以氢键和范德华力为主。利用同步荧光技术考察了HAG对BSA和HSA构象的影响。     

吲哚美辛与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱研究

在模拟生理条件下,用荧光光谱法结合圆二色谱法研究了吲哚美辛(IM)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.实验结果表明,IM对BSA的猝灭机制属于形成复合物的静态猝灭过程,由修正的Stem-Volmer方程求出不同温度下相应的结合常数分别为11.87×104、8.351 ×104、6.110×104L·mol-1.利用范特...     

卡马西平与牛血清白蛋白结合反应的热力学特性研究

用荧光光谱法研究了卡马西平与牛血清白蛋白的结合反应的热力学特性,并发现卡马西平对牛血清白蛋白有较强的荧光猝灭作用。从荧光猝灭光谱数据,由stern-volmer方程、double-reciprocal方程和热力学公式,得到了25℃时结合反应的结合常数为2.047×104mol.L-1,其△Hθ、△Gθ和△Sθ分别为-14.46 kJ.mol-1-、32.88kJ.mol-1和-24.03 J.K-1。     

核黄素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光猝灭光谱、同步荧光光谱研究了核黄素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的光谱行为。结果发现,在温度为293 K和310 K时核黄素与BSA的结合常数(Kb)分别为4.879×105L.mol-1和1.880×105L.mol-1,结合热力学方程计算得到了对应温度下的热力学参数。结果表明核黄素对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,其荧光猝灭过程属于动态猝灭机制,二者主要靠疏水作用力结合。采用同步荧光光谱探讨了核黄素对BSA构象的影响。     

中药成分五味子甲素及其金属离子复合物与血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

在模拟人体生理条件下,采用紫外光谱法、荧光光谱法和同步荧光光谱法研究五味子甲素及其金属离子复合物与血清白蛋白(SA)的结合作用。结果表明:五味子甲素与金属离子形成1∶1复合物;五味子甲素对SA的荧光猝灭机制为静态猝灭和非辐射能量转移;五味子甲素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合常数K、结合位点数n、结合距离r分别为3.58×104L·mol-1和6.42×103L·mol-1、0.944和0.993、2.18nm和1.63nm,其作用力以氢键和范德华力为主。同步荧光光谱法的结果表明:结合位点靠近色氨酸,并使色氨酸的疏水性减弱。共存金属离子对五味子甲素与SA的相互作用有一定的影响。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。