YAG:Ce蓝光转换材料的合成和发光性质研究

铈激活的钇铝石榴石(YAG:Ce)由高温固相反应制备.样品证明为纯的的石榴石物相.YAG:Ce的激发光谱为双峰结构,主要激发峰在460nm,与GaN的蓝光发射匹配.YAG:Ce的发射光谱为一宽带,波长范围从蓝绿到红,主峰波长为540nm,能与GaN的蓝光组合形成高亮度白光.YAG:Ce在漫反射光谱中的的两个吸收峰与YAG:Ce的激发峰相吻合,进一步证明了铈激活的YAG对GaN蓝光的有效吸收.YAG:Ce有很高的发光强度和高达89%的量子效率.     

UV excitation spectra of thermoluminescence in quartz

Thermoluminescence was excited at 300 K in natural quartz crystals by monochromatic ultraviolet radiation. The excitation spectra of the main glow peaks were measured in the spectral region 1150–2000 Å. A strong excitation maximum appeared for all measured glow peaks in the region of high absorbance on the long wavelength tail of a sharp reflectance peak at 1275 Å. Some glow peaks showed excitation maxima also at photon energies smaller than the absorption edge of the material. The dependence of the TL intensities on the dose of the exciting radiation was investigated for various glow peaks and excitation wavelengths. A sublinear dependence was recorded for some peaks by excitation at 1275 Å, while the same peaks showed a strictly linear dependence up to relatively high radiation doses, when excited at 1600 Å.     

Spectroscopy of the Tm:Sc<Subscript>2</Subscript>SiO<Subscript>5</Subscript> laser crystal in different orientations

Six absorption bands of Tm³⁺:Sc₂SiO₅ crystal have been investigated by decomposing each absorption band into a series of Lorentzian peaks. Polarized light of two polarizations was transmitted in three perpendicular directions through a crystal shaped as a parallelepiped with polished faces. The results are presented in the form of tables containing the parameters of the found Lorentzian peaks: central wavelength, width, and height.     

嵌入式三色光变器

为了提升现有导模共振防伪光变器件的性能,设计了一种基于ZnS覆盖膜的一维单周期矩形结构三色光变器.当自然光入射角为45°时,可在0°,58°,90°方位角分别获得相应的蓝、绿、红三色反射峰,对研究结果进行了物理解释.分析并提出了该器件周期、槽深、膜厚以及入射角变化对反射峰的影响规律,对器件的设计、制作和测试有重要指导作用.三色光变器基于简单结构实现方位角调节的自然光三色光变效果,可运用传统激光全息产业的模压和蒸镀工艺进行制作,在光变图像防伪领域有重要应用.     

太湖水体中藻蓝蛋白的紫外-可见吸收光谱特征分析

以藻蓝蛋白标准品和室内培养的铜绿微囊藻、鱼腥藻为参照,于2011年春、夏、秋三季在太湖采集75个水样,分析太湖水体中藻蓝蛋白的紫外-可见吸收光谱特征,及其与标准品、单一藻种光谱特征的区别和联系。结果表明：太湖水体中藻蓝蛋白的吸收光谱形态可根据500～700 nm的吸收峰个数划分为无峰型、单峰型和双峰型三类。无峰型光谱在500～700 nm间变化平缓,620 nm附近无藻蓝蛋白的特征吸收峰出现。根据300～450 nm的吸收差异,无峰型可划分为无峰Ⅰ和无峰Ⅱ两个亚类。峰型Ⅰ仅在260 nm附近出现吸收峰,250～800 nm的谱型更接近于有色可溶性有机物(CDOM);峰型Ⅱ在260和330 nm处均有吸收峰出现。单峰型光谱在620 nm的藻蓝蛋白特征吸收峰明显,受藻种差异和提取纯度的影响,其在250～300,300～450和500～700 nm的吸收峰出现位置和峰值比与标准品、单一藻种不同。双峰型光谱在620和670 nm附近各具一个吸收峰,同时在350～450 nm出现吸收肩,兼具藻蓝蛋白和叶绿素复合蛋白的吸收特征。     

玻璃中CdSeS纳米晶体的室温光致发光谱

对掺有过饱和的镉、硒和少量硫的玻璃在500～800℃分别退火4h,生长了不同尺寸的CdSe_1-xS_x纳米晶体。测量了纳米晶体的室温吸收光谱和光致发光(PL)光谱,550℃生长的样品在300～800nm的范围没有观察到吸收和发光峰,表明温度低于550℃玻璃中不能形成纳米晶体。生长温度在600～650℃,纳米晶体的PL光谱主要为两个宽的发光带,即带边激子发光带和通过表面态复合的发光带。随着生长温度的升高,带边复合发光的蓝移减小,通过表面态的发光逐渐消失,并出现了叠加于宽发光带上的一系列明显的弱发射峰。不同温度生长的样品中,叠加峰的能量相同。同一样品中叠加峰的能量不随激发光波长的变化而变化。     

Amplification of Solar Energy Conversion in Quantum‐Confined CdSe‐Sensitized TiO2 Photonic Crystals by Trapping Light

Photonic effects amplifying solar energy conversion are reported in titania inverse opals sensitized with quantum‐confined CdSe films. TiO₂ inverse opals (i‐TiO₂‐o) and unstructured nanocrystalline TiO₂ (nc‐TiO₂) films are sensitized with CdSe deposited via successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) by generating Se^2? in situ under inert atmosphere, and the film absorbance is tuned by the number of SILAR cycles. Photonic effects are investigated while varying the i‐TiO₂‐o stop band position relative to CdSe films’ absorbance. i‐TiO₂‐o films with stop band at 700 and 560 nm are sensitized with CdSe having absorption edges at 600 and 650 nm thus tuning absorbance to the red and the blue of the stop band. Significant amplification in photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency is measured when CdSe films prepared via two cycles are adsorbed on i‐TiO₂‐o with a stop band at 700 nm, with a maximum average enhancement factor equal to 6.7 ± 1.6 at 640 nm, 60 nm to the blue of the stop band center, relative to nc‐TiO₂ sensitized with comparable CdSe amounts. The gain is observed over a wide frequency range to the blue of the stop band and is greatest when film absorbance was low. The photocurrent gain is not a result of differences in the rates of charge separation or charge transport, and occurs in the same frequency range where absorbance amplification is measured to the blue of the 700‐i‐TiO₂‐o stop band, and is thus attributed to slow light effects enhancing absorbance in the photonic crystal environment.     

铜胁迫下玉米叶片反射光谱的红边位置变化及其与叶绿素的关系

采用5级梯度铜胁迫砂培试验,通过测定叶片反射光谱曲线和叶绿素含量,研究铜胁迫对玉米叶片反射光谱与叶绿素含量的影响。研究表明：玉米叶片反射光谱的红边位置与铜胁迫浓度显著相关(R2≥0.5755),且存在明显的“红边蓝移”现象,即叶片光谱红边位置向短波方向移动。随着铜胁迫浓度的升高或胁迫时间延长,红边蓝移程度增加。不同胁迫浓度之间,叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量及二者比值 (Chla/Chlb)均差异显著(p分别为0.002,0.007和0.001)。叶绿素a、b比值(Chla/Chlb)与培养液中铜浓度呈显著负相关(R=-0.898);Chla/Chlb与平均红边波长显著正相关(R=0.814)。这表明随着铜胁迫浓度升高,Chla/Chlb降低,叶绿素b相对于叶绿素a升高,叶片反射光谱的红边位置蓝移。铜胁迫改变了玉米叶片中Chla和Chlb含量和比值,由此导致的色素吸收光谱变化,是铜胁迫导致叶片反射光谱红边蓝移的可能的生理学成因。     

基于四波段图像融合的彩色夜视方法研究

为了在低照度条件下获取目标的彩色图像,提高夜间对目标的识别能力,提出了基于四波段图像融合的彩色夜视方法.采用F-P滤光片设计出了透射中心在三基色光中心波长及近红外波段的四波段滤光片,在各个透射区域的平均透射率均达90%以上;将四波段滤光片设计成圆形滤色轮结构,用分光计测得了各波段滤光片的光谱透射性;对加入滤光片后的系统信噪比进行了分析和计算,分析结果表明加入滤光片不会引入噪声,计算结果表明加入蓝色、绿色、红色和近红外波段滤光片的成像系统的信噪比分别是原来单色微光夜视系统信噪比的19.59%、38.45%、47.28%和46.70%.借助国产超二代像增强器在微光实验室进行了四波段图像采集及彩色图像融合实验,实验时光照度分别为1×10~(-3)lx和1×10~(-1)lx,对获取的图像质量进行了评价.结果表明:在照度为1×10~(-3)lx时,融合的彩色图像在均值、方差和熵这三项指标上均优于过滤后的蓝色和绿色的单色图像,且由于彩色图像中利用了近红外图像进行增强,使得彩色图像亮度更高,颜色分辨性更好;在照度为1×10~(-1)lx时,融合后的彩色图像的信息熵比红、绿、蓝三种基色图像的大,彩色图像携带的信息量更大.本文的研究对彩色夜视成像系统的设计和研发具有借鉴和指导意义.     

LED单色红光对西兰花采后黄化抑制效果的影响

光照是影响植物生长发育的重要因子,在植物生长过程中,对植物的生理代谢、光合特性、品质及衰老均有广泛的调节作用。然而国内外对于采后光照是否仍然可以提高果蔬品质,延长贮藏保鲜期的研究少见报道。采用红、蓝、绿三种单色光照射处理西兰花,红光对采后西兰花花球黄化具有抑制作用,蓝光抑制作用不明显,而绿光则加速了西兰花黄化,因此本文将重点研究LED单色红光对西兰花采后黄化抑制效果。采用波长为625±5 nm,光照强度(100±5)Lx的LED单色红光持续照射西兰花花球,以避光处理为对照。结果表明：LED单色红光能够抑制西兰花花球表面色差L值升高,保持色差-a/b值,延缓叶绿素降解;同时能够降低西兰花呼吸强度,推迟呼吸高峰,降低乙烯生成速率,有效保持了西兰花的商品性。相关性分析表明,采用LED单色红光处理后,乙烯生成速率与黄化指数之间达到极显著正相关水平(p<0.01)。与常规无光处理相比,LED单色红光处理延长了西兰花保鲜期5 d左右,为西兰花的贮藏保鲜提供理论依据。本文创新点在于首次将无化学污染、环境友好特性的LED单色光引入西兰花采后贮藏保鲜过程中,重点研究了LED单色红光对西兰花采后颜色变化的影响,明确了LED单色红光对西兰花采后黄化具有抑制作用。     

Photoluminescence of Cu:ZnS, Ag:ZnS, and Au:ZnS nanoparticles applied in Bio-LED

In this work, transition elements, including Cu²⁺, Ag⁺, and Au³⁺, were used to dope in zinc sulfide (ZnS) by chemical solution synthesis to prepare Cu:ZnS, Ag:ZnS, and Au:ZnS nanoparticles, respectively. Transition elements doping ZnS nanoparticles form the electronic energy level between the conduction band and valance band, which will result in the green light emission. There is a zinc sulfide emission shift from blue (~3.01 eV) to green light (~2.15 eV). We also found that Au:ZnS nanoparticles will emit a green light (~2.3 eV) and a blue light (~2.92 eV) at the same time because the mechanism of blue light emission was not broken after Au element had been doped. Furthermore, we used sodium chlorophyllin copper salt to simulate chlorophyll in biological light emission devices (Bio-LED). We combined copper chlorophyll with Cu:ZnS, Ag:ZnS, and Au:ZnS nanoparticles by a self-assembly method. Then, we measured its photoluminescence spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study its emission spectrum and bonding mode. We found that Au:ZnS nanoparticles are able to emit green and blue light to excite the red light emission of copper chlorophyll, which is a potential application of Bio-LED.     

Optical absorption edge in SnS

Optical absorption in single crystals of tin sulfide has been studied at many temperatures between 100 and 300 °K, in the wavelength range 2·2–0·8 μ. From the interference fringe patterns the absorption coefficient, reflection coefficient and index of refraction as a function of wavelength were determined for two light polarizations (ε∥a and ε∥b). From an analysis of the data, indirect band gaps of 1·142 and 1·095 eV were found for the two directions of polarization. Also it was found that the phonon assisted transitions required the participation of two phonons at different energy thresholds with energies 0·033 or 0·038 eV and 0·082 or 0·113 eV, with reference to the two axis. The temperature dependence of the indirect band gap for each direction of light polarization is linear with a slope ?4·05 × 10^?3eV and ?4·37 × 10^?3 eV respectively.     

垂直电场下扭转双层石墨烯光学吸收性质的理论研究

层间扭转角度是对石墨烯物理性质宽波段可调谐的一个新参量.本文采用2°<θ<15°扭转角度下的连续近似模型,获得了不同扭转角度双层石墨烯分别在有、无电场下的能带结构,通过电子-光子相互作用跃迁速率,计算模拟了范霍夫奇点附近电子带内跃迁和带间跃迁所引起的光学吸收谱.结果表明,在无外加电场时,带间跃迁吸收峰的位置随着扭转角度的增大而发生从红外到可见光波段的蓝移,且吸收系数增大,带内跃迁的光学吸收系数相对于带间跃迁高出2个数量级;而存在外加电场时,两个范霍夫奇点在波矢空间的位置发生偏移,带间跃迁吸收峰发生分裂,且两个分裂的吸收峰位置随着电场强度的不断增大而反向行进.上述研究结果对石墨烯材料在光电器件方面的应用有一定指导作用.     

LiNbO3∶Cr∶Cu晶体吸收特性及非挥发全息存储研究

研究了LiNbO3∶Cr∶Cu晶体的吸收特性,发现LiNbO3∶Cr∶Cu（含0.14 wt.% Cr2O3 和 0.011 wt.% CuO）晶体存在两个明显的吸收峰,中心波长分别位于480 nm和660 nm; 随着Cr的含量逐渐减小,Cu的含量逐渐增大,短波段不存在明显吸收峰,掺Cr的含量越大,中心波长在660 nm处的吸收越大；633 nm红光虽然位于中心波长为660 nm的吸收峰内,但它无助于光折变过程.分别采用390 nm紫外光和488 nm蓝光作为敏化光,514 nm绿光作为记录光的记录方案,实现了非挥发全息记录,掺入适量的Cr( 比如NCr=2.795×1025 m－3,NCr/ NCu=1)有助于全息记录性能的提高.     

Absorption and emission of thin solid films of octaethylporphin

Absorption and emission spectra at room temperature and emission spectra atliquid nitrogen temperature are reported for thin solid films of free base octaethylporphin. The room temperature visible absorption spectrum resembles that of the solution, except all four peaks show a red shift of ≈ 12 nm and all except the farthest red are broadened. The Soret band in the near UV is greatly broadened in the film, and its peak absorbance is substantially reduced. The room-temperature emission of the films is quite similar to that of solution fluorescence, except for a red-shift of ≈ 10 nm. But at low temperature two new peaks appear at 657 and 672 nm. Their intensity as a function of temperature can be explained by a simple exciton trapping model.     

掺Eu~(3+)镉铝硅酸盐玻璃的制备及光谱性质研究

农作物的生长和收成与光合作用有密切关系,垂直照射的日光中绿光成分转化成对植物有强吸收的蓝光和红光并对其进行人工模拟光环境是十分有意义的.稀土离子掺杂到玻璃材料中具有波长转换功能.基于上述两点,该文应用高温熔制方法制备了掺Eu3+镉铝硅酸盐玻璃,测试了样品的吸收光谱、激发光谱、发射光谱,均获得了红、蓝光的强发射.存在并给出对应强吸收峰的最佳掺杂浓度.由于Cd2+的加入产生电荷迁移带红移到320nm左右.可以看出选择不同的碱金属离子可以调节玻璃蓝色光的相对发射强度.根据J-O理论,计算其光学跃迁的强度参数Ω1和Ω,可以获得材料结构的有序和对称情况.     

Method of implementing frequency-encoded NOT,OR and NOR logic operations using lithium niobate waveguide and reflecting semiconductor optical amplifiers

Optics has already proved its strong potentiality for the conduction of parallel logic, arithmetic and algebraic operations. In the last few decades several all-optical data processors were proposed. To implement these processors different data encoding/decoding techniques have been reported. In this context, polarization encoding technique, intensitybased encoding technique, tristate and quaternary logic operation, multivalued logic operations, symbolic substitution techniques etc. may be mentioned. Very recently, frequency encoding/decoding technique has drawn interest from the scientific community. Frequency is the fundamental character of any signal; and it remains unaltered in reflection, refraction, absorption etc. during the propagation and transmission of the signal. This is the most important advantage of frequency encoding technique over the conventional encoding techniques. In this communication the authors propose a new scheme for implementing NOT, OR and NOR logic operations. For this purpose co-propagating beams having different frequencies in C-band (1535–1560 nm) have been used for generating cascaded sum and difference frequency, exploiting the nonlinear response character of periodically poled LiNbO₃ waveguide. The cross-gain modulation property of the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and the wavelength conversion property of the reflecting semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOA) are exploited here to implement the desired optical logic and arithmetic operations.     

镜片颜色深浅对立体视觉影响的光谱学研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱技术,对红、黄、蓝三种色系中颜色深浅不同且焦度为零的眼镜片,进行了紫外-可见光吸光度的研究;并从医学角度研究比较了人配戴同一色系颜色深浅不同的镜片对立体视觉的影响。研究发现:黄、蓝两色系的镜片,深色样品和浅色样品在紫外光区吸光度基本一致;在可见光区550nm处,深色样品的吸光度大于浅色样品的吸光度。红色系的镜片,在紫外光区浅色样品吸光度高于深色样品吸光度;在可见光区550nm处,浅色样品吸光度仍然高于深色样品的吸光度。人配戴黄、蓝两色系的浅色镜片,其立体视觉优于配戴此两色系中的深色镜片;人配戴红色系的深色镜片,其立体视觉优于配戴此色系的浅色镜片。结果表明:眼镜片颜色深浅对立体视觉的影响,主要取决于人类眼睛最敏感光波550nm处镜片的吸光度,吸光度愈高,镜片对立体视觉的影响愈大。     

基于高光谱影像的干旱区草地光谱特征分析

基于石羊河流域金昌地区Hyperion高光谱影像,通过FLAASH大气校正,利用纯像元指数法提取草地波谱信息,并运用光谱一阶微分法和连续统去除法进行定量化处理。结果表明,相对于生长旺盛期的草地光谱特征,衰退期草地光谱红边左移,斜率降低,蓝边、黄边特征减弱,可见光波段反射值较高,近红外波段反射率较低;不同覆盖度草地的红边、绿峰、蓝光和红光吸收谷位置保持一致,可见光波段的光谱吸收特征(波段深度、宽度、面积、对称性)随覆盖度的增大呈有规律的变化,可作为提取或判定植被覆盖度的依据。     

Single-step growth of colloidal ternary ZnCdSe nanocrystals

 Colloidal ternary ZnCdSe nanocrystals were synthesized via a single-step process by reacting Cd and Zn oleates in trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) solution with Se-TOP (trioctylphosphine) solution. Initial red shift of bandgap absorption during the early reaction stage was observed due to the growth of Cd-rich ZnCdSe nanocrystals. Significant blue shifts of photoluminescent emission peaks indicated the formation of ternary nanocrystals during reaction, and emission wavelength was dependent on reaction time and temperature. Initial red shift and subsequent blue shift of bandgap absorption in ZnCdSe nanocrystals are explained in terms of nucleation and growth processes controlled by reactivity and diffusion of precursors.