Uranyl Soil Extraction and Fluorescence Enhancement by Nanoporous Silica Gel: pH effects

Nanoporous silica gel was employed to extract uranyl from contaminated soil and to enhance the fluorescence intensity and lifetime. The fluorescence lifetime and intensity of uranyl ions absorbed within nanoporous silica gel was measured from pH 1?C13. The results show that the uranyl fluorescence intensity can be enhanced by approximately two orders of magnitude by the silica nanoporous matrix from pH 4?C12 with the greatest enhancement occurring from pH 4?C7. The enhanced fluorescence lifetime can be used in time-gated measurements to help minimize the influence of background environmental fluorophores.     

相对论赝势的从头计算法研究铀酰离子电子结构

用相对论赝势的从头算法研究了铀酰离子的几何构和电子结构,得到了与实验数据较一致的键长、键角和ＩＲ振动频率。铀氧间以Ｕ５ｆ与Ｏ２ｐ相互为主,Ｕ６ｄ、Ｏ２ｐ间的键合较小;同时,Ｕ６ｐ、Ｕ７ｓ、Ｕ６ｄ、、Ｕｓｄ杂化轨道与Ｏ２ｓ间也有强的相互作用。不同自旋多重度时对铀酰离了聪以有量计算结果表明,ＵＯ２＾２＋的基态为＾１Σｇ＾＋的基态为＾１Σｇ＾＋的可能性更大。     

Coercivity Ageing Effect on FePt Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Silica via Stepwise Synthesis Strategy

FePt nanoparticles in mesoporous silica are fabricated by a simple stepwise synthesis strategy.A pre-annealing temperature-dependent coercivity-ageing effect in FePt nanoparticles is observed at room temperature.For facecentered cubic(fcc)structured FePt nanoparticles,the ageing effect is sensitive to the pre-annealing temperature,especially when the temperature is close to the phase-transition.The special magnetic behavior of FePt nanoparticles reveals that the physical properties gradually change between fee and face-centered tetragonal structures,and will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of such magnetism in FePt nanoparticles.     

Melting of Naphthalene Confined in Mesoporous Silica MCM-41

The ²H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) solid-echo spectra of naphthalene molecules as guests in the mesopores of neat MCM-41 with a pore width of 3.3 nm were measured in the temperature regime from 180 to 250 K. A strong reduction of the melting point of the naphthalene molecules by 152 K is observed. The line shape changes in the melting region were simulated with two different models, namely, the model of a narrow distribution of activation energies, which is typical for a crystal-like phase, and a two-phase model. Both models indicate a relatively narrow distribution of melting points of the naphthalene molecules inside the pores, indicative of a rather well-defined structure of the naphthalene molecules inside the pores. This finding supports the proposal of a plastic crystalline phase previously proposed by other groups.     

有序介孔SiO2的制备及其在色谱填料方面的应用

利用水热合成方法,在低浓度盐酸下用三嵌段共聚物EO106PO70EO106（F127）作为模板剂,在100℃,130℃和150℃的条件下,制备了3种笼型介孔二氧化硅.通过粉末N2气吸附-脱附实验表征其孔径（PD）及比表面积（BET）、扫描电镜（SEM）观察其表面形貌、透射电子显微镜（TEM）分析其微观结构;通过表征结果分析,该材料具有笼型介孔结构.同时,将该介孔材料应用在色谱分离方面,对氯苯,苯乙烯,1,2-二苯乙烯,联苯4种物质混合物进行分离,与其他多种二氧化硅材料比较,150℃的条件下合成的KIT-5-150分离效果最好.     

Fluorescence Study of the Relaxation Process in Excited Hetarylthiazole Cations

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of five cations protonated at the quinolyl nitrogen atom (IH⁺–VH⁺) and one ethylated (IEt⁺) cation were investigated. For these compounds (except VH⁺) both an anomalously large fluorescence Stokes shift (up to 238 nm) and a large short-wavelength fluorescence shift (up to 145 nm) at decreasing temperatures (down to 77 K) were observed. This is not the case for unprotonated molecules. The ground-state conjugation between quinolyl and another molecular fragment was found for II, IH⁺, IIH⁺, and IEt⁺. The relaxation process of excited cations is medium viscosity and temperature dependent. The experimental results are explained in terms of excited-state structural relaxation.     

Vacuum Calcination Behavior of SBA-15 Ordered Mesoporous Silica

In this paper, the calcination of SBA-15 in vacuum is followed by in situ and ex situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements at different temperatures and the material properties are compared with the conventional calcination process in nitrogen and air. The whole process of template decomposition and by-products elimination is investigated as a function of temperature, showing early stages of polymer decomposition at 200 °C. The textural properties of the vacuum-calcined material, analyzed by nitrogen adsorption isotherm data at the end of the calcination process at 540 °C, revealed a smaller surface area and no detectable volume of micropores. A sharp monomodal pore size distribution with a mean value around 108 Å is obtained, larger than the material calcined via the usual procedure, which gives values around 98 Å. The results indicate that the vacuum heat treatment is an alternative calcination strategy for applications which require a well-ordered mesoporous structure, rigid pore walls, and large pore diameters.     

Fluorescence Emission Centres and the Corresponding Infrared Fluorescence Saturation in a Bismuth-Doped Silica Fibre

We investigate the fluorescence characteristics of bismuth doped silica fibres with and without A1 co-dopant which are fabricated by means of modified chemical vapour deposition （MCVD） technique, and find that the fluorescences in the red region （centred around 750nm） and in the infrared region （centred around llOOnm） may originate from different emission sites in the fibre. Strong upconversion phenomena are observed in both Al-codoped and non A1 codoped bismuth fibres when the fibres are excited by an acoustic-optic Q-switched Nd：YVO4 laser. Both the aspects indicate that the upper energy level absorption reported in the work of the bismuth doped silica fibre lasers may result from the fluorescence emission sites that are not responsible for the infrared emission. It is thus expected that optimizing the compositions and the fabrication conditions of the fibre and then transferring more fluorescence emission centres are helpful for the infrared emission.     

An Ultrasensitive Virus ELISA Based on a magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoprobe

Detection of infectious viruses relies on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). However, qPCR requires costly equipment, a clean operating environment and experienced technicians, limiting its wide applicability. On the other hand, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely used in biological laboratories due to its relatively high sensitivity and ease of operation. However, ELISA-based detection of the virus is hampered because it is lower sensitive than qPCR. Herein, a nanoprobe ELISA (NP-ELISA) based on a mesoporous silica nanoprobe, which is constructed by first being loaded with peroxidase and further coated with positively charged polymer polyethyleneimine, and finally functionalized with antivirus antibodies, is designed. Results show that each NP probe is encapsulating 170 peroxidase molecules and presents 200 antibody molecules on the surface. The limit of detection (LOD) of NP-ELISA (LOD = 1450 PFU mL⁻¹) for the detection of real virus samples is tenfold sensitive than that of standard ELISA (LOD = 14, 414 PFU mL⁻¹) and the assay time for NP-ELISA is reduced by 1 h as compared with standard one. Therefore, the NP-ELISA provides a rapid and sensitive immunoassay platform that can readily be implemented for biological laboratory research as well as for on-site clinical diagnostics.     

染料掺杂的SiO2基近紫外波段固体激光材料的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶技术技术合成了掺杂近紫外波段激光染料ＢＰＢＤ－３６５的ＳｉＯ２基因体材料,用波长为３０８ｎｍ的ＸｅＣｌ激光器件泵浦源,横向泵浦获得了峰值波长为３６４ｎｍ的激光输出。在泵浦光能量为１０ｍＪ时激光输出达到０．２０ｍＪ,转换效率为２．０％。     

Separation of Cerium,Uranium and Plutonium using Silica Gel

Complete adsorption of radiocerium, uranium and plutonium on silica gel surface was attained at pH 5 ± 0.5. Individual separations of the studied radioelements were performed by desorption of the fixed radioelements using 30 ml of 10^?4 M diaminocyclohexanete-traacetic acid (DCTA) at different pH values.     

SiO2包覆共轭聚合物CN-PPV纳米探针的制备与荧光性质

采用纳米沉淀法制备了半导体聚合物CN-PPV纳米粒子,并用改进的Stber方法对纳米粒子进行包覆,获得了发光稳定的SiO2/CN-PPV纳米粒子。用动态光散射(DLS)及透射电镜(TEM)方法对粒子尺寸进行了表征,结果表明包覆前的CN-PPV纳米粒子平均粒径约为30 nm,包覆获得SiO2/CN-PPV纳米粒子的平均粒径约为60 nm。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱及荧光光谱对包覆前后纳米粒子的发光性质进行了比较,发现共轭聚合物CN-PPV包覆后的发射光谱与包覆前相比发生了小的蓝移,表明共轭聚合物的分子构型可能发生了微小变化。SiO2包覆可以提高聚合物发光分子的光稳定性,并且提供用于生物分子耦联的表面,这类材料有望在生物医学成像中获得应用。     

The Influences of Structural Evolution of Silica Gel Glass on the Photophysical Properties of Benzoic Acid

Benzoic acid was dispersed into silica gel glass at molecular level by sol-gel process. The luminescence properties of benzoic acid in gel glass heat-treated at various temperatures were studied. The changes in gel glass structure and the surrounding environment of benzoic acid resulted in different electronic transitions, and thus the different luminescence spectra. The fluorescence bands centered at 320 nm and 355 nm, respectively induced by the S_1* S₀ transition of benzoic acid and S_1n* S₀ transition of benzoate anions, respectively, were observed when the doped gel glass was heat-treated at the temperatures below 200°C and at the temperature range 300 400°C, respectively. On heating at 500°C, benzoate anions were steadily immobilized in the cages of the Si–O network with the SiO₄ tetrahedra formation and the RTP of benzoate anions is observed. It is proposed that the luminescence spectra of benzoic acid can be used as a structural evolution probe of gel glass.     

Mesoporous Hybrid Materials by Simultaneous Pseudomorphic Transformation and Functionalization of Silica Microspheres

Non‐agglomerated amino‐functionalized mesoporous silica microspheres are synthesized by a one‐pot synthesis from a parent silica material. Narrow pore size distributions in the range from 3 to 5 nm are obtained with alkyltrimethylammonium structure‐directing agents (SDAs). By following the pseudomorphic transformation pathway, the particle size distribution and spherical morphology of the parent silica are retained during the synthesis. The products contain accessible and uniformly distributed amino groups. The average pore size and the ratio of small uniform mesopores (<5 nm) to larger mesopores and macropores can be controlled by choosing the appropriate SDA and by adjusting the concentration of the amino‐functionalized alkoxysilane precursor, leading to a variety of meso‐macroporous hybrid materials.     

纳米碳管复合凝胶玻璃结构及谱学性能研究

用物理掺杂工艺将纳米碳管引入二氧化硅凝胶玻璃基质,成功制备了纳米碳管复合凝胶玻璃,采用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱、拉曼光谱等测试方法对其结构和谱学性能进行了表征。结果表明,通过优化掺杂工艺能够实现纳米碳管与基质的均匀复合,纳米碳管本身的结构在掺杂过程中并未发生改变。纳米碳管的引入对二氧化硅凝胶玻璃基质的紫外-可见吸收光谱和红外光谱未产生显著影响。