小山水电站厂房高边坡岩体稳定性研究

本文采用块体极限平衡Sarma法和非线有限单元分析法对小山水电站厂房边坡岩体稳定性进行了分析研究。综合两种方法的计算成果分析, 厂房边坡岩体在自然状态下是基本稳定的, 整体安全系数均大于1.30, 但在边坡岩体内存在部分张应力区和塑性区。若考虑Ⅵ度地震, 厂房边坡岩体Sarma法和有限元计算的安全系数分别为1.18和1.16, 处于极限平衡状态。考虑到长期稳定边坡安全系数大于1.30的规范要求, 需进行一定的加固处理, 保障厂房安全运行。     

Review of the 1st Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas code comparison workshop

A review is given of the first workshop dedicated to the detailed comparison of various approaches to the calculation of spectral line shapes in plasmas. A standardized set of case problems was specified in advance, together with the prescribed atomic data and assumptions to be used. In this brief review, motivations for the case problems chosen are outlined, followed by a discussion of selected results. Plans for the next workshop are discussed in the conclusion.     

Report on Turbulence and Mixing in Geophysical Flows II

We describe the presentations at the international meeting/workshop on Mixing in Geophysical Flows that took place at Vilanova i la Geltru, near Barcelona during the 20, 21 and 22nd of March 1997. There were more than 100 participants from 20 countries with 66 oral and poster presentations covering experimental and theoretical aspects of rotating and stratified fluids as well as field observations. The main topics discussed at the workshop were stratified flows, rotating stratified flows, gravity waves, instabilities and mixing, convection, experiments and numerical simulations of Geophysical flows and turbulent mixing. The papers are summarised in this report giving a state-of-the-art overview of present research in geophysical turbulent mixing.     

High‐order CFD methods: current status and perspective

After several years of planning, the 1st International Workshop on High‐Order CFD Methods was successfully held in Nashville, Tennessee, on January 7–8, 2012, just before the 50th Aerospace Sciences Meeting. The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the German Aerospace Center provided much needed support, financial and moral. Over 70 participants from all over the world across the research spectrum of academia, government labs, and private industry attended the workshop. Many exciting results were presented. In this review article, the main motivation and major findings from the workshop are described. Pacing items requiring further effort are presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Demonstration of a portable device for predicting vehicle tractive performance in snow

This workshop study program which was sponsored by the ISTVS Snow Mechanics Committee examined the problems of snow traction and methods of predicting vehicle mobility on snow. This study presents one aspect of the field prediction problem where a portable, hand-held instruments is used and prescribed by requirements for simplicity, portability and facility.     

Construction of a collisional radiative model of complex multiple charged ions for mid- to high-Z elements

A method of constructing a compact and complete collisional radiative model of multiple charged ions of mid- to high-Z elements is proposed, for studying radiative properties of the plasmas. The proposed tungsten model, which is based on atomic data calculated by the HULLAC code, incorporates a computer algorithm to identify well-populated atomic states and dielectronic recombination channels that have a significant effect on the ionization balance. The model is validated by investigating the convergence of the mean charge and radiative power loss with respect to the size of the model, and by comparing results with other calculations presented at the nLTE kinetics workshop.     

Hamilton’s action principle and thermodynamics of irreversible processes — a unifying procedure for reversible and irreversible processes

Thermodynamics of irreversible processes can be included into the framework of Lagrange formalism. This formalism presents a unified method for reversible and irreversible processes. As a remarkable fact the first and the second law of thermodynamics are derived in Lagrange formalism by means of straightforward procedures. The whole information on the dynamics of a system is included in one function only, namely in its Lagrangian.In this paper the theory is presented in two courses. The first one offers an almost qualitative insight into the structure of the theory; the second one is concerned with the associated mathematics in some detail. The theory is illustrated by three representative examples: the style of the paper is chosen as to stimulate the discussions at a workshop and a school on the state-of-art of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of complex fluids, Oxford, 2000.     

Review of the NLTE-5 kinetics workshop

We review the 5th non-LTE kinetics code comparison workshop, held in November 2007. Both steady-state and time-dependent cases for elements ranging from carbon to gold were examined in detail. Calculations of radiative power losses and specific spectra were requested in addition to typical plasma quantities such as the ionization balance. Non-Maxwellian electrons, external Planckian radiation and opacity effects in spectra were also included in the comparisons. We discuss the organization of the workshop and present a set of representative results. The particular case of a tungsten plasma at tokamak operating densities was considered for the first time. Due to its importance to the ITER project, more detailed results of these comparisons will be published elsewhere.     

Comment

Presented at the workshop on Limit Analysis and Bifurcation Theory, held at the University of Karlsruhe (FRG), February 22–25, 1988     

山西漳泽电厂厂房控制爆破拆除

针对山西漳泽电厂老厂房爆破拆除工程的复杂环境及厂房的实际结构,确定了倾倒爆高位于不同水平,厂房划分为3个爆区,一次起爆,12响微差延期,整体定向爆破方案,设计了非电加强双回路网格式爆破网路,对各单响炸药量产生的爆破振动进行了准确计算及校验,采取了积极有效的附助物预处理及缩小触地坍塌距离等措施,取得了好的爆破效果,达到了设计要求,可供同类爆破工程参考．     

REMARKS ON SINO-GERMAN WORKSHOP ON CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PARTICLES AND FLUIDS

This paper presents some remarks on the perspectives of process engineering in the 21st century extracted from the discussion at the workshop. It is considered that the field will be upgraded by introducing knowledge in other fields, extended to even more applications by generalizing the relevant methods, and unified to, at least covered by,the complexity science. Transdisciplinarity is necessary to cope with this challenge.     

On predicting particle-laden turbulent flows

The paper provides an overview of the challenges and progress associated with the task of numerically predicting particle-laden turbulent flows. The review covers the mathematical methods based on turbulence closure models as well as direct numerical simulation (DNS). In addition, the statistical (pdf) approach in deriving the dispersed-phase transport equations is discussed. The review is restricted to incompressible, isothermal flows without phase change or particle-particle collision. Suggestions are made for improving closure modelling of some important correlations.Lecture presented at a workshop on turbulence in particulate multiphase flow, Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA, March 22–23, 1993.     

Impact of the volume of rooms on shock wave propagation within a multi-chamber system

The behavior of a shock wave generated by a hemispherical gaseous charge and propagating within a confined multi-chamber system is analyzed through the evolution of some of the shock parameters (maximum overpressure and positive impulse). The influence of a variation in the volume of the rooms on the pressure history inside the building is also studied. Several small-scale experiments have been carried out using an adjustable model representative of a pyrotechnic workshop. The experimental results show that the pressure histories are very complex. Yet, using a global approach, we were able to link the evolution of the arrival time of the shock wave within the building with the reference obtained in the free field. New parameters were developed to best fit the experimental maximal overpressure in the cells and in the corridor leading to two predictive laws used to estimate the maximal overpressure in the model.     

Various aspects of fluid vortices

A general review of the current research in vortex dynamics is presented, based on contributions given during a workshop held in May 2003 at Porquerolles, France. This article aims at providing a picture of the work performed on this subject in the French community. Various cases are covered, from 2D vortex patches to 3D vortex tubes; from isolated vortices to shear flows. Different contexts are considered: pure Euler and Navier–Stokes flows as well as stratified, rotating and magnetic flows. To cite this article: I. Delbende et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

Main results of the Second International PIV Challenge

This paper presents the main results of the Second International PIV Challenge which took place in Busan (Korea) on the 19th and 20th of September 2003. This workshop was linked to the PIV03 International Symposium, which was held at the same place the following week. The present contribution gives the objectives of the Challenge, describes the test cases and the algorithms used by the participants, and presents the main results together with some discussion and conclusions on the accuracy and robustness of various PIV and PTV algorithms. As all the results obtained cannot be detailed, this contribution should serve as a guide for the use of the full database of images and results which is available at .     

Main results of the third international PIV Challenge

This paper presents the main results of the third international PIV Challenge which took place in Pasadena (USA) on the 19th and 20th of September 2005. This workshop was linked to the PIV05 International Symposium held at the same place the same week. The present contribution states the objectives of the challenge, describes the test cases and the algorithms used by the participants, and presents the main results together with some discussion and conclusions on the accuracy and robustness of various PIV and PTV algorithms. As the entire amount of results obtained cannot be detailed, this contribution is written as a guide for the use of the full database of images and results which is available at .     

Demonstration of ultra hi-fi (UHF) methods

Computational aero-acoustics (CAA) requires efficient, high-resolution simulation tools. Most current techniques utilize finite-difference approaches because high order accuracy is considered too difficult or expensive to achieve with finite volume or finite element methods. However, a novel finite volume approach i.e. ultra hi-fi (UHF) which utilizes Hermite fluxes is presented which can achieve both arbitrary accuracy and fidelity in space and time. The technique can be applied to unstructured grids with some loss of fidelity or with multi-block structured grids for maximum efficiency and resolution. In either paradigm, it is possible to resolve ultra-short waves (defined as waves having wavelengths that are shorter than a grid cell). This is demonstrated here by solving the 4th CAA workshop Category 1 Problem 1.     

Application of reflection holography to deformation measurement problems

The advantages of using reflection holography for measuring the deformation of structures in a workshop environment are outlined, and practical examples of its application are given. These include (1) a study of crack propagation in an aluminum sheet, showing the yielding of the metal in the vicinity of the crack tip, (2) measurement of the deformation of the platen in a compression testing machine when subjected to the localized force of a load cell, and (3) monitoring of long-term deformation of fiber composites using a real-time version of the holographic technique. Particular attention is paid to the design of the plate-holder mounting and to the photographic processing techniques that are required to achieve optimum results.     

吊车压轨器强度的实验测试

宽厚板厂房的行车轨道在行车运行时承受来自行车水平导向轮的水平推力，该水平推力可能导致压轨器破坏，为确保压轨器的安全设计，采用平面光弹性、三维光弹性进行实验测试，分析在最不利工况下，各种压轨器所承担的水平推力份额，压轨器的变形和应力分布，给出强度分析评估，确定系统中各个压轨器以及固定螺栓的关键部位的应力水平。     

Broadband launching of surface waves on a unidirectionally conducting screen

Summary The two-dimensional problem of launching a surface wave on a unidirectionally conducting screen by means of a parallel plate waveguide is solved by the Wiener-Hopf technique. The unidirectionally conducting screen is placed symmetrically inside the parallel plate waveguide and continues to infinity after the waveguide terminates. A suitable mode is assumed to be incident inside the waveguide region. Expressions are derived for the efficiency of surface wave launching and for the far field. It is shown that, for a suitable choice of the physical parameters, a high launching efficiency is obtained over a wide frequency band.