核-壳结构的硅烷偶联剂交联的SrTiO3/PVDF复合物薄膜的铁电和介电性能

通过溶液浇筑法制备了核-壳结构的硅烷偶联剂3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（3-APTS）交联的SrTiO₃/PVDF复合物薄膜,对其进行了XRD、FTIR、TG、DSC、SEM、介电和铁电性能测试。研究发现,使用硅烷偶联剂有助于SrTiO₃在复合物薄膜中实现均匀分散,其可能与硅烷偶联剂可以被用作交联剂连接聚合物和无机材料形成核-壳结构有关。SrTiO₃（ST）的引入有助于提高复合物薄膜的结晶性,但是会导致电活性β-晶相含量的轻微减少。当ST的质量含量达到30%时,复合物薄膜的介电常数可以增大至纯PVDF的2.5倍,并且不会引起介电损耗的明显增加;同时,该复合物薄膜的剩余极化率（P_s）也可以增大到原来的2倍左右。我们的研究表明,在PVDF中引入硅烷偶联剂表面改性的ST是制备具有良好分散性的复合物薄膜以及提升其铁电和介电性能的一种有效方法。     

核-壳结构的硅烷偶联剂交联的SrTiO_3/PVDF复合物薄膜的铁电和介电性能（英文）

通过溶液浇筑法制备了核-壳结构的硅烷偶联剂3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(3-APTS)交联的SrTiO_3/PVDF复合物薄膜,对其进行了XRD、FTIR、TG、DSC、SEM、介电和铁电性能测试。研究发现,使用硅烷偶联剂有助于SrTiO_3在复合物薄膜中实现均匀分散,其可能与硅烷偶联剂可以被用作交联剂连接聚合物和无机材料形成核-壳结构有关。SrTiO_3(ST)的引入有助于提高复合物薄膜的结晶性,但是会导致电活性β-晶相含量的轻微减少。当ST的质量含量达到30%时,复合物薄膜的介电常数可以增大至纯PVDF的2.5倍,并且不会引起介电损耗的明显增加;同时,该复合物薄膜的剩余极化率(Ps)也可以增大到原来的2倍左右。我们的研究表明,在PVDF中引入硅烷偶联剂表面改性的ST是制备具有良好分散性的复合物薄膜以及提升其铁电和介电性能的一种有效方法。     

P[MMA-IL]修饰石墨烯协同调控PVDF复合物结晶与介电行为

为改善石墨烯(Gra)在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中的分散性和界面性质,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑溴盐(IL)为单体合成P[MMA-IL]共聚物,用于修饰石墨烯(Gra),并通过溶液共混、热压法制备PVDF/PMMA、PVDF/P[MMA-IL]、PVDF/PMMA/Gra和PVDF/P[MMA-IL]/Gra复合薄膜.采用Raman光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、傅里叶变换反射红外光谱分析仪(FTIR-ATR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、偏光显微镜(POM)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和电感电容电阻测试仪(LCR)对复合薄膜的结构形态、结晶与介电行为进行表征和分析.Raman光谱表明P[MMA-IL]与Gra之间存在强相互作用;FESEM照片显示P[MMAIL]能够促进Gra在基体中的分散;DSC、XRD和FTIR-ATR数据表明PMMA降低PVDF的结晶温度,PMMA和Gra未能诱导出?-PVDF极性晶体,而单独的P[MMA-IL]会通过咪唑阳离子-偶极子作用诱导?-PVDF晶体;通过咪唑阳离子-π强相互作用,P[MMA-IL]在模板剂Gra表面进行修饰,协同诱导作用增强.POM照片表明?-PVDF晶体在生长过程中,MMA链段会嵌入到球晶的晶片空隙中,引起结构疏松;离子-偶极子和IL成核作用导致?-PVDF晶体尺寸较小,结晶较快.介电行为研究表明PMMA及其修饰Gra降低PVDF的结晶度和链浓度,导致界面极化和取向极化较弱,介电响应较弱;而P[MMA-IL]修饰Gra诱导的?-PVDF晶体、以及IL链段在界面的离子极化使得界面极化作用增强,介电响应增强.     

聚偏氟乙烯基含氟聚合物介电和储能研究进展

聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）和偏氟乙烯（VDF）／三氟乙烯（TrFE）二元共聚物以其优异的铁电、压电性能而备受关注。近年来,该类聚合物经物理／化学改性后表现出非常优异的介电、储能性能,尤其在高储能放电电容器领域被寄予厚望。经分子组成优化和挤出拉伸处理的PVDF基含氟聚合物在室温下具有高介电常数（12～60）,高击穿电场强度,...     

Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/聚偏氟乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合材料的制备及其介电性能

采用流延热压工艺制备Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃(BST)/聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)?聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合薄膜,研究了PMMA含量对复合材料微观组织结构和介电性能的影响规律。结果表明,BST相能够均匀分散在聚合物基体中,归因于PMMA与PVDF良好的相容性,2种聚合物之间的界面不分明;随着PMMA含量的增加,复合材料的介电常数先降低后升高,耐击穿强度和介电可调性先增加后减少。PMMA含量(体积分数)为15%的BST/PVDF?PMMA₁₅复合材料的综合性能最佳:介电常数为23.2,介电损耗为0.07,耐击穿强度为1412 kV·cm^-1,在550 kV·cm^-1偏压场下,介电可调性为26.2%。     

陶瓷/VDF-TrFE 0-3型铁电复合物的三阶非线性介电系数

在自建的非线性介电测试装置上测得了PT,BT、PZT和VDF-TrFE共聚物形成的0-3型铁电复合物厚片的三阶非线性介电系数ε3.研究发现,三种复合物的ε3都随陶瓷组分含量的上升而增大.测试场强升高,测得的ε3值减小,但对高陶瓷含量(φ＞0.4)的BT/VDF-TrFE和PZT/VDF-TrFE复合物则在6MV/m场强下出现极小值.二相都被预极化的复合物小于仅陶瓷相被预极化的ε3值.PZT/VDF-TrFE复合物的温度依赖关系显示了与(-阶)介电系数类似的表观热滞后现象.高PZT含量的复合物在相变区出现较大的ε3值.     

FeCl3/共轭聚席夫碱复合材料的制备及介电性能

由戊二醛和对苯二胺通过缩合反应合成席夫碱聚合物,并将其与三聚氰胺交联构筑立体网状结构,再与氯化铁配位形成具有"海胆状"结构的FeCl₃/席夫碱复合材料,利用傅里叶红外光谱和扫描电镜对其进行表征。通过对比Fe³⁺掺杂量分别为0.02、0.03、0.04 mol时复合材料半年前后的电导率、介电常数实部与虚部、介电损耗角正切值和科尔-科尔半圆的改变,发现静置后复合材料介电参数均大幅增长,介电弛豫从无到有,并且在刚合成时其介电常数虚部在3.664×10⁶~1.000×10⁷ Hz为负值,但经过静置后却转变为正值。其中,静置半年后,Fe³⁺掺杂量为0.04 mol的席夫碱铁盐聚合物在102 Hz处的介电损耗角正切从0.02升至6.13,电导率从7.15×10^-7 S·cm^-1升至2.19×10-5 S·cm^-1,介电常数实部与虚部也大幅增加,介电损耗机理为二重介电驰豫。     

FeCl3/共轭聚席夫碱复合材料的制备及介电性能

由戊二醛和对苯二胺通过缩合反应合成席夫碱聚合物,并将其与三聚氰胺交联构筑立体网状结构,再与氯化铁配位形成具有"海胆状"结构的FeCl_3/席夫碱复合材料,利用傅里叶红外光谱和扫描电镜对其进行表征。通过对比Fe~(3+)掺杂量分别为0.02、0.03、0.04 mol时复合材料半年前后的电导率、介电常数实部与虚部、介电损耗角正切值和科尔-科尔半圆的改变,发现静置后复合材料介电参数均大幅增长,介电弛豫从无到有,并且在刚合成时其介电常数虚部在3.664×10~6~1.000×10~7 Hz为负值,但经过静置后却转变为正值。其中,静置半年后,Fe~(3+)掺杂量为0.04 mol的席夫碱铁盐聚合物在102 Hz处的介电损耗角正切从0.02升至6.13,电导率从7.15×10~(-7)S·cm~(-1)升至2.19×10~(-5)S·cm~(-1),介电常数实部与虚部也大幅增加,介电损耗机理为二重介电驰豫。     

Cu2+离子A位取代对MgTiO3陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响

采用固相反应制备了Mg_1-xCu_x TiO₃(0.00≤x≤0.20)微波介电陶瓷,研究CuO烧结助剂对MgTiO₃陶瓷的微观结构和微波介电性能的影响。实验结果表明,CuO中的Cu²⁺离子会进入到MgTiO₃晶格中并取代Mg²⁺,形成Mg_1-xCu_x TiO₃固溶体。由于液相效应,适量的CuO可以促进MgTiO₃陶瓷的致密化烧结,降低其烧结温度。Cu²⁺离子的A位取代会改变样品的TiO₆八面体扭曲度。随着Cu²⁺离子含量的增加,会使MgTiO₃陶瓷的结构稳定性降低。随着CuO含量的增加,晶粒的不均匀生长和液相的出现导致样品的品质因数(Qf)下降。同时,Mg_1-xCu_x TiO₃陶瓷的相对密度、结构...     

钛酸铅与偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯共聚物形成的铁电复合物相变过程的热释电研究

研究了偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯共聚物与钛酸铅形成的铁电复合物PT/P[VDF(70)-TrFE(30)]的热释电流行为。P[VDF(70)-TrFE(30)]室温下存在两个铁电相,即较无序的铁电相和较有序的铁电相,升温经过各自的相转变点后转变成较有序的顺电相和较无序的顺电相。热释电流谱上出现在95℃和108℃的两个电流峰,分别由两个铁电相的结构陷阱以及部分取向的偶极所贡献。采用Tc以上温度极化并冷却到不同温度的方法可明确鉴别出该试样两个顺电相降温转变过程,转变点分别为62℃和50℃。实验证实陷阱仅存在于铁电相而不存在于顺电相中。钛酸铅的引入虽不导致新电流峰出现,但可使共聚物的Tc降低、电流加大。热释电流方法可非常灵敏地跟踪铁电共聚物的相变过程。     

Gd-N共掺杂SrTiO3/TiO2复合纳米纤维制备及光催化性能

以静电纺丝技术制备的TiO_2纳米纤维为基质和反应物,结合一步水热法制得Gd-N共掺杂SrTiO_3/TiO_2复合纳米纤维光催化剂。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和荧光光谱(PL)等方法对其微观结构、形貌和光学性能进行表征。结果表明:SrTiO_3和TiO_2形成异质结能够使光生电子和空穴得到很好的分离,而Gd-N共掺杂产生新带隙,可以拓宽光谱响应范围至可见光区,并引起晶格缺陷,成为光生电子-空穴对的浅势捕获阱。Gd-N共掺杂与异质结的协同作用有效提高了SrTiO_3/TiO_2复合纳米纤维的可见光催化活性。     

反相微乳液法合成SrTiO3纳米棒

SrTiO₃ nanorods were synthesized in cetanyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) reverse microemulsion containing CTAB, n-hexanol, n-octane and water with Ba(OH)₂ as reactants. The effects of different conditions such as ω₀ [ω₀=n_H2O/ n_CTAB], aging time and the concentration of reactants on the formation of the nanorods were studied. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron diffraction (ED) and X-ray diffraction(XRD)were used to characterize the morphology and the structure of the synthesized nanorods. The results show that SrTiO₃ nanorods with a length of 260～2 000 nm and a diameter of 50～100 nm belonging to single crystal are single cubic system. The molar ratio of Sr to Ti of products is 1.0 as determinded by ICP.     

Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Sol-Gel Derived YMnO3 Films

There has been considerable interest in ferroelectric (FE) films especially for non-volatile memories and ultra high density DRAM applications. Such FE films typically consist of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) with novel oxide contacts, or layered perovskite such as Sr2Bi2TaO9. Recently, there have been reports of sputtered YMnO3 films which exhibit a single polarization axis and do not contain any volatile species of Pb or Bi. Single crystal YMnO3 exhibits satisfactory polarization (6 C/cm2) and low coercive field (<20 kV/cm). Additionally, the dielectric constant of YMnO3 is quite low (<30) which should facilitate ferroelectric switching. In this study, sol-gel derived YMnO3 films were prepared on platinized Si wafers and their dielectric and ferroelectric properties were characterized. Their electrical properties will be discussed with respect to Y/Mn stoichiometry ratio, hexagonal phase development and processing conditions. The potential of YMnO3 as a material in non-volatile memories is evaluated.     

在LaNiO3-Pt复合电极上Pb(Zr，Ti)O3铁电薄膜及其成分梯度薄膜的制备和研究

LaNiO₃(LNO) thin films were prepared on Pt(111) / Ti / SiO₂/ Si substrate by metal-organic decomposition (MOD) method. Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ ferroelectric thin films and their compositionally graded thin films were prepared on LNO / Pt / Ti / SiO₂ /Si substrates by Sol-gel method. The composition depth profile of a typical up-graded film was determined by using a combination of Auger Electron Spectroscopy (ASE) and Ar Ion Etching. The results confirm that the processing method produces graded composition changes. XRD analysis showed that the graded thin films possessed composite structure of tetragonal and rhombohedral. The dielectric constants of Up-graded and Down-graded thin films were higher than that of each thin film unit. The dielectric constants were 277 and 269 at 10 kHz, respectively. The loss tangents were 0.019 and 0.018 at 10 kHz, respectively. The Hysteresis loops showed that the remanent polarizations of graded thin films were higher than that of each thin film unit, but the coercive fields were smaller. The remanent polarizations of Up-graded and Down-graded thin films were 30.06 and 26.96 μC·cm^-2, respectively. The coercive fields were 54.14, 54.23 kV·cm^-1, respectively. The pyroelectric coefficients of Up-graded and Down-graded thin films were 4.62, 2.51×10^-8 C·cm^-2·K^-1 at room temperature, respectively. They were higher than that of each thin film unit.     

纳米SrTiO3对高铁酸盐电化学性能影响研究

Two ferrates, K₂FeO₄ and BaFeO₄, had been prepared and characterized by XRD, IR and SEM. The electrochemical tests of the samples were carried out in the voltage range of 0.8～2.0 V and current density of 0.5～3.0 mA·cm^-2. The results indicated that performance of Zn-BaFeO₄ battery was superior to that of Zn-MnO₂ and Zn-K₂FeO₄ batteries. Nanometer SrTiO₃ prepared by Sol-gel methode with different ratio was added to the BaFeO₄ cathode in order to improve the discharge performance. The discharge capacity of the BaFeO₄ cathode was increased from 224 mAh·g^-1 to 246 mAh·g^-1 by addition of 5% nanometer SrTiO₃. The reason of enhancing BaFeO₄ electrochemical performance was discussed.     

Interaction of Silane Coupling Agents with CaCO3

A study of eight silane coupling agents showed very different effect of these compounds on the mechanical properties of PP/CaCO₃composites. The application of aminofunctional silane coupling agents resulted in the reactive coupling of the two inactive components leading to increased strength and decreased deformability. A detailed study of the interaction between CaCO₃and the various coupling agents was carried out in order to find an explanation for the strong coupling effect. The amount of coupling agent creating a monolayer coverage was determined by a dissolution method for each coupling agent. The obtained values changed between 0.3 and 1.0 wt% calculated for the CaCO₃. An attempt was made to determine the orientation of the adsorbed molecules to the filler surface. Most of the coupling agents are oriented perpendicularly to the surface with the exception of a methacryl functional silane compound. Possible interactions between hydrolyzed or condensed silane coupling agents and the filler were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using transmitting (FTIR-TS) and diffuse reflectance (DRIFT) modes, as well as gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results showed that bulky organofunctional groups form a caged, polycyclic, low-molecular-weight structure on the surface, while silanes with smaller groups tend to condense into open, ladder type, high-molecular-weight polysiloxane chains. Polymer/filler adhesion, however, depends primarily on the chemical character of the organofunctional group. Aminofunctional silane coupling agents adhere well to the filler surface and react also with the polymer. In the case of similar functionality the size of the organofunctional group determines the strength of the adhesion.     

CaTiO3纳米粉体溶胶-凝胶法合成、表征及介电特性

采用无机盐溶胶-凝胶法制备了CaTiO₃纳米粉体，采用TG-DTA、XRD、TEM等技术进行了表征，并探讨了CaTiO₃纳米粉体烧结特性及介电效应。结果表明，干凝胶800 ℃低温煅烧可获得粒径分布较窄、平均粒径为60～70 nm的单相CaTiO₃纳米粉。纳米CaTiO₃粉具有较大的比表面积，使作为粉体烧结驱动力的表面能剧增，促使CaTiO₃在1 200 ℃实现致密烧结，比固相法制备的微米粉烧结降低100～200 ℃，且具有较宽的烧结温区。与微米级粉体烧结体介电特性相比，纳米粉具有更高的Q_f值。纳米CaTiO₃粉制备的陶瓷在1 250 ℃烧结2 h，获得优良的介电性能：ε_r=172，Q_f=4 239 GHz，τ_f=+7.68 × 10^-4 ℃^-1。     

Bi2O3掺杂对Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3陶瓷结构和介电性能的影响

本文研究了Bi₂O₃掺杂对Ag(Nb_0.8Ta_0.2)O₃陶瓷的结构和介电性能的影响。X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,Bi₂O₃的掺杂可以使陶瓷中Ag⁺被还原并析出,且银析出的量随Bi₂O₃掺杂量的增加而不断增加,这可能源自于Bi³⁺对Ag⁺的取代。在一定范围内增大Bi₂O₃掺杂量可提高Ag(Nb_0.8Ta_0.2)O₃陶瓷的室温介电常数,降低介电损耗,并使温度系数向负值方向移动。当Bi₂O₃的掺杂量约为3.5wt%时,样品具有较大的介电常数(ε=672)和较小的介电损耗(tanδ=7.3×10^-4)。     

Ni-P-Zn3(PO4)2(ZnSnO3、ZnSiO3)纳米复合化学镀层性质和组成的研究

研究了温度、时间、浓度等对Ａ３钢片上Ｎi-P-Zn3(PO4)2、Ni-P-ZnSnO3和Ｎi-P-ZiSiO3纳米复合合化学镀层外貌的影响,用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）观察外貌、称重法测定厚度;通过１０％ＮaCl溶液、１％Ｈ２Ｓ气体加速腐蚀试验,１０％ＣuSO4溶液点滴试验等多种手段测定其耐腐蚀性能,用Ｘ－射线光电子谱（ＸＰＳ）及俄歇电子能谱（ＳＥＳ）测定其价态组成,结果表明：在最佳施镀条件下,可得光亮、致密、耐腐蚀性强于Ａ３钢、磷化膜及Ｎi-P镀层的纳米复合化学镀层,镀层的原子百分组成约为（％）：Ｎi-P-Zn3(PO4)2:Ni70.00,P12.47,Zn3(PO4)213.93,C3.6;Ni-P-ZnSnO3;Ni77.56,P10.00,ZnSnO39.84,C2.6;Ni-P-NiSiO3,Ni83.00,P10.96,ZnSi5.15,C0.89.