增感效应火焰原子吸收光谱法测定 铁矿石中的微量铬

提出了增感效应火焰原子吸收光谱测定铁矿石中微量铬的新方法。研究了表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对铬的增感效果。增感效应可使火焰原子吸收光谱的灵敏度提高 27倍。本法已用于测定铁矿石中的微量铬,检测限为 7.0μg/L ,回收率为 91.1%～115.9%,RSD为 4.0%。     

导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定金属铜中微量银

提出了导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定金属铜中微量银的新方法，导数技术可使火焰原子吸收光谱的灵敏度提高２１倍，用此法测定金属铜中微量银取得了满意效果。     

增感效应火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁矿石中的微量铬

提出了增感效应火焰原子吸收光谱测定铁矿石微量铬的新方法。研究了表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）对铬的增感效果。增感效应可使火焰原子吸收光谱的灵敏度提高２７倍。本法已用于测定铁矿石中的微量铬,检测限为７．０μｇ／Ｌ,回收率为９１．１％￣１１５．９％,ＲＳＤ为４．０％。     

流动注射-导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中的镍、锰、铬和铅

提出了流动注射－导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅的新方法，流动注射进样技术克服了常规火焰原子吸收法耗样量大和基体干扰严重的缺点，导数技术应用于火焰原子吸收可提高方法的灵敏度和信号的选择性，流动注射与导数技术相结合应用于火焰原子吸收成功地测定了常规火焰原子吸收法和流动注射－火焰原子吸收法难以测定的植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅。镍、锰、铬和铅的特征浓度（μg/mL)，分别为0.0054、0.0034、0.0067、0.025，相对标准偏差在0.3%-2.8%的范围内。     

阴离子和非离子表面活性剂增感效应原子吸收光谱法测定铬

空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铬,易受灵敏度低、基体干扰的限制。70年代中期有人提出应用表面活性剂之后,使这一测定得到了改善。本实验选用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)和非离子表面活性剂乙二醇辛基苯基酚(OP-10)、曲拉通X-100(Triton X-100)对铬的空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法的增感     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定工业废水中铅

研究了利用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)的增感作用,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定工业废水中微量铅。考察了各试验参数及共存元素对铅测定的影响,探讨了SDS增感机理。方法用于工厂废水中铅的测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.8%~1.2%,检出限为0.11 mg.L-1,加标回收率为94%~104%。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法中有机试剂的增感效应

详细研究了11种有机试剂对火焰原子吸收光谱法的增感效应。通过测定这些有机试剂对Cu、Mg、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cr、Mo、Sr、Ba等金属离子吸光度的影响,得到了有机试剂增感的规律性。     

有机试剂对锶火焰原子吸收光谱分析的增感机理

研究了火焰原子吸收光谱法中甲醇、甲醛、甲酸等6种有机试剂对元素Sr的增感行为,发现甲酸效果最佳。在选定的相对最佳条件下,增感效果高达70%。研究表明,甲酸所产生的增感效应主要在于其与Sr形成甲酸锶,改变了常规原子化机理,提高了火焰原子化效率。这一机理同样适用于甲酸存在下Ca、Ba等元素的火焰原子化。实验表明,甲酸对这两种碱土元素的增感效果分别达到54%和55%。甲酸对Sr的增感应用于高纯BaCO3中Sr含量测定,回收率达到100%～106%。     

表面活性剂在火焰原子吸收光谱法中增感效应的研究

表面活性剂在火焰原子吸收光谱法中的应用及理论研究目前非常活跃,但表面活性剂对元素产生增感效应的原因尚未弄清,本文研究了不同类型表面活性剂对元素吸光度值的影响,发现除碱金属元素外,表面活性剂对金属元素是否产生增感效应与元素在火焰中的原子化效率有关,进而对其增感机理做了探讨。     

空气—乙炔焰中钇对镱的增感效应及其分析应用

研究了在盐酸介质中钕，钇，镧，铕，以及高氯酸介质中钇对空气－乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定镱的增感效应，建立了钇作增感剂和干扰抑制剂，直接测定富钇混合稀土浓集物与氧化钇粗产品中镱的新方法。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定粗锌中的铜

建立火焰原子吸收光谱法测定粗锌中的铜含量。采用硝酸–酒石酸溶解样品,并以其为测定溶液介质,检测波长为324.7 nm,以水为参比,采用空气–乙炔火焰以原子吸收光谱仪进行测定。在优化的实验条件下,铜的质量浓度在0.10~2.50μg/m L范围内与吸光度有良好线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7,方法检出限为0.01μg/m L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.0%~3.0%(n=11),样品加标回收率为97%~102%。该方法具有灵敏度高,干扰少,重现性好等优点,适用于铜含量在0.001%~0.50%之间的粗锌中铜的测定。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定煤矸石中铜的样品前处理技术改进

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了煤矸石中Cu的含量.研究了实验预处理技术、消解体系的控制选择及仪器条件的优化,建立了相应的原子吸收光谱测定方法.方法的RSD在1%~3%之间,加标回收率达到96.5%~104%.     

Determination of Nickel,Manganese, Copper and Zinc in Blood Serum by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Deproteinization by Microwave Irradiation

ABSTRACT

Deproteinization of serum was performed by microwave irradiation combined with a small volume of diluted trichloracetic acid. The procedure reduced the protein level of the samples to less than 99% of the total with a small dilution factor (1+1) and allowed the determination of nickel and manganese by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and copper and zinc by flame atomic absorption spectrometry directly without modifiers or matrix interferences. As metallic ions are normally bonded to serum proteins they must be released during protein precipitation. Spiked serum samples were submitted, before the deproteinization, to an incubation treatment to bond the added ions to the proteins. To check the efficiency of the incubation time for each ion, serum samples were ultrafiltered at set time intervals and the metals determined in the ultrafiltrate. The proposed method was compared with the common deproteinization by acids for the separation of the proteins. The reduction of proteins allowed a small dilution of the sample and the use of faster temperature programmes for the determination of nickel and manganese by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and the aspiration of samples more similar to aqueous standards for copper and zinc determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Recoveries from spiked, incubated and deproteinized samples compared to only diluted samples show that the method can satisfactorily be used for atomic absorption spectrometric determination of these elements.     

Determination of Copper in Silicates Using Chelating Resin After Decomposition With Teflon Vessel

Abstract

By the combined use of a decomposition vessel, chelating resin, and atomic absorption spectrometry, a simple method for the determination of copper in silicate rocks was devised. A sample was digested overnight at room temperature with small amounts of hydrofluoric acid and aqua regia in the Teflon vessel having a sealing stopper. In the presence of citrate, only the supernatant of the digested sample solution was passed through a small column of the chelating resin, Dowex A-1, at pH 4. After elution with nitric acid, copper was determined by ordinary atomic absorption spectrometry. The recovery, reproducibility, and accuracy of the method were quite satisfactory. The analytical results obtained for the standard rocks agreed well with reported results.     

电解重量法测定混合铜矿中自由氧化铜

建立了用于混合铜矿石中自由氧化铜测定的方法。试样用含亚硫酸钠(6g/L)的硫酸(10%)溶液浸取2h,选择性溶解铜氧化物,过滤并煮沸滤液,用去离子水稀释后电解。溶液中的铜离子电积至阴极铂网上。用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测残余于电解后液中的铜离子;同时用硝酸(1+1)溶解铂网上的铜,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测与阴极铜共电积的杂质元素含量,用铂阴极差重加上电积后液残余铜含量并减去共电积的杂质元素含量可计算出氧化铜矿中酸溶铜含量。与碘量法相比,不用肉眼观察颜色变化确定终点,人为误差小,结果稳定、准确。通过对加拿大氧化铜矿标准物质AMIS0050进行测定(n=12),方法准确度可靠。并选取15批次的氧化铜矿检测,与经典碘量法比对,结果令人满意。     

悬浮液进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定中草药中的微量铜

将悬浮液进样技术应用于火焰原子吸收光谱法,建立了快速测定中草药中微量铜的新方法。将样品磨细,制成悬浮液,喷入空气－乙炔火焰,以空白溶液为参比,用氘灯进行背景和扣除,以标准加入法测定。测定结果与灰化法一致,两种方法的相对误差小于±３．６％,ＲＳＤ小于２．５％,检出限为０．０５７ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

Reduction des interferences sur la determination des metaux lourds dans les sediments de cours d'eau et les boues de stations d'epuration par spectrometrie d'absorption atomique en four graphite

(Reduction of interferences in the determination of trace heavy metals in river sediments and sewage sludges by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.)The interferences of synthetic matrices of river sediments and sewage sludges in the determination of lead, copper, cadmium, chromium and nickel by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry were studied; Pb, Cd and Ni were the most sensitive to interferences. The effects of hydrochloric, nitric, perchloric and hydrofluoric acids were tested; perchloric acid was found to interfere most during the determinations. Hydrofluoric acid must be eliminated by evaporation. Techniques for reducing chemical interferences were evaluated. The best method was found to be matrix modification with ammonium dihydrogenphosphate and ascorbic acid for the determination of lead and nickel, and rapid heating (Max Power) for the determination of cadmium. Determinants of copper and chromium were less prone to interference.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜冶炼烟尘中铋

本文研究了测定铜冶炼烟尘中铋含量0.050% ~5.00%的火焰原子吸收光谱法。对铜冶炼烟尘试样的溶解、测定体系中酸介质的影响和各干扰元素进行了试验研究。制定了铜冶炼烟尘中铋含量的原子吸收光谱法。方法标准偏差为0.0013 %~ 0.057 %,相对标准偏差为0.78 % ~1.44 %,样品加标回收率为98.95%~101.87%。本方法具有灵敏度高、结果准确、操作简便等特点,适合铜冶炼烟尘中铋含量0.050 % ~ 5.00 % 的测定。     

Study on Preconcentration of Trace Copper Using Microcrystalline Triphenylmethane Loaded with Malachite Green

The paper describes a novel method for copper preconcentration using microcrystalline triphenylmethane loaded with malachite green prior to the determination by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry （FAAS）. Under the optimum conditions, Cu（Ⅱ） can be totally adsorbed on the surface of microcrystalline triphenylmethane, and completely separated from Pb（Ⅱ）, Cd（Ⅱ）, Co（Ⅱ）, Cr（Ⅲ）, Ni（Ⅱ）, Mn（Ⅱ）, Fe（Ⅲ） and Al（Ⅲ） by controlling acidity. The preconcentration factor of this proposed method is 200. The recovery is in a range of 97.5%-105%. The relative standard deviation （RSD） is not beyond 3.0%. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of trace copper in various water samples with satisfactory results.