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浮区热毛细对流 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述了浮区中平行于自由面的表面张力梯度驱动热毛细对流领域的研究.研究兴趣集中于振荡热毛细对流的起振,或者说从定常流动到振荡流动的转捩. 起振依赖于一系列的临界参数,临界关系可以表示为这些临界参数的复杂函数. 实验结果表明,振荡流中速度的变化和平均流动的速度有相同的量级, 而其它量的变化,比如温度和自由面半径的波动, 相比于它们的平均量而言则要小得多.因此, 起振应是流体中动力学过程的结果, 该问题是强非线性的.在过去几十年中, 一些理论模型被引入来研究这个问题,使用的方法包括理论分析方法、 线性不稳定性分析方法、能量稳定性分析方法以及非定常的三维直接数值模拟.其中直接数值模拟被认为是对强非线性过程进行深入分析的最适合方法,通常能得到和实验较符合的结果.从振荡热毛细对流向湍流的转捩提供了一个研究混沌行为的新系统,开创了一个非线性科学的新前沿, 是一个集中了大量近期工作的研究热点.该文对浮区热毛细对流作了一个回顾, 包括理论模型和分析,以及实验研究. 相似文献
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热毛细对流及其不稳定性是微重力流体科学研究的重要内容. 对该问题的研究不仅有利于人们对微重力环境下流体行为、对流不稳定性和湍流转捩过程等基础物理现象的进一步认识,而且也将促进晶体生长、薄膜制备等空间和地面高新技术的发展. 实验研究了矩形液池中浅液层在水平温度梯度作用下产生的热毛细对流及其稳定性. 实验中,成功地利用PIV (particle image velocimetry) 技术对1mm2/s 硅油液层内的浮力热毛细对流流场结构进行了大量观测. 结果表明,液层中的流场结构经历了多种状态的转变,该过程会受到液层厚度的影响. 当液层厚度较小时,比如当d=2:8mm 时,随着液池两端温差的增大,液层中的流场结构会经历单胞对流到双胞对流再到多胞对流的转变,到达多胞对流状态之后,继续增大温差,对流涡胞的数量会有所减少,而当温差进一步增大到一定程度以后,整个液层转变为三维非定常流动;当液层厚度较大时,比如当d=4:5mm 时,随着温差的增大,流动模式的转变主要体现在水平截面流场截面上面,当温差增大到一定程度以后,在靠近高温端的附近区域会出现具有明显三维效应的\"梭形结构\",该梭形结构的尺寸随着温差的增大而增长,并在温差超过某个临界值时失去对称性,整个液层转变为三维非定常流动. 相似文献
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热毛细对流温度场全息干涉检测研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文采用Hele-Shaw盒体,在地面上模拟二维热毛细对流,应用全息干涉技术对热毛细对流温度场进行了测试研究,为了获得感兴趣的热毛细对流温度增量分布,文中提出了将背景温度分布条纹与热毛细对流温度增量分布条纹相分离的方法。 相似文献
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束继祖 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2003,19(2):127-133
In the present paper, the experimental studies on thermocapillary convection are reviewed. The author‘s interest is mainly focused on the onset of oscillatory thermocapillary convection,the features of oscillatory flow pattern, and the critical Marangoni number related with temperature and free surface oscillation. The coordinated measurement in a microgravity environment of a drops haft is also addressed. 相似文献
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Two bifurcation transition processes in floating half zone convection of larger Prandtl number fluid
Processes of the onset oscillation in the thermocapillary convection under the Earth's gravity are investigated by the numerical simulation and experiments in a floating half zone of large Prandtl number with different volume ratio. Both computational and experimental results show that the steady and axisymmetric convection turns to the oscillatory convection ofm=1 for the slender liquid bridge, and to the oscillatory convection before a steady and 3D asymmetric state for the case of a fat liquid bridge. It implies that, there are two critical Marangoni numbers related, respectively, to these two bifurcation transitions for the fat liquid bridge. The computational results agree with the results of ground-based experiments. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19789201) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (95-yu-34) 相似文献
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Instability of thermocapillary convection in liquid bridges of low Prandtl number fluids is investigated by direct three-dimensional and time-dependent simulation of the problem. The field equations are numerically solved explicit in time and with finite difference methods in a staggered cylindrical grid. The numerical results are analyzed and interpreted in the general context of the bifurcation's theory. According to recent stability analyses the computations show that for semiconductor melts the first bifurcation is characterized by the loss of spatial symmetry rather than by the onset of oscillatory flow. When the basic axisymmetric flow field becomes unstable, after a short transient, a three-dimensional supercritical steady state is obtained. It is shown that the flow field organization, depending on the critical wave number, is related to the geometrical aspect ratio of the liquid bridge and that lower is the aspect ratio, higher is the critical wave number and more complex the thermofluid-dynamic field structure. 相似文献
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M. S. Malashetty I. S. Shivakumara Sridhar Kulkarni Mahantesh Swamy 《Transport in Porous Media》2006,64(1):123-139
The linear stability of a viscoelastic fluid saturated densely packed horizontal porous layer heated from below and cooled
from above is investigated by considering the Oldroyd-B type fluid. A generalized Darcy model, which takes into account the
viscoelastic properties, is employed as momentum equation and a two-field model is used for energy equation each representing
solid and fluid phases separately. Linear stability analysis suggests that, there is a competition between the processes of
viscous relaxation and thermal diffusion that causes the first convective instability to be oscillatory rather than stationary.
Analytical expression for the occurrence of oscillatory onset is obtained, and it is found that the necessary condition for
the existence of the same is Λ < 1. Besides, the effect of viscoelastic parameters and the thermal non-equilibrium on the
stability of the system is analyzed. 相似文献
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有关多层流体对流的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
简述多层不相混流体系统的研究发展,尤其是在空间材料生长过程中的应用;介绍多层流体系统内流体对流及传热现象,以及利用理论分析、实验研究和数值模拟方法研究二层及三层流体内的自然对流及热毛细对流的成果,并分析探讨覆盖液体层对被覆盖液体的动力控制特性及其系统的稳定性 相似文献