DNA介导复合膜中[Ru(bpy)3]2+与Cu(Ⅱ)间光诱导电子转移

由于DNA与[Ru(bpy)₃]2+(bpy=2,2′-联吡啶)及Cu2+间的静电作用,用自铸膜法在铟锡氧化物(ITO)上制备了橙红色[Ru(bpy)₃]2+-DNA-Cu2+复合膜,并应用稳态和暂态荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱、荧光显微镜和扫描电镜对复合膜进行了表征和DNA介导的光诱导电子转移(PET)研究。结果表明,[Ru(bpy)₃]2+-DNA-Cu2+复合膜(摩尔比为10∶20∶1)呈现了明显的吸收特征峰(450 nm)和发射峰(λ_em=595 nm),发光呈单指数衰减,发光寿命为188.6 ns,Cu2+通过DNA介导PET机制猝灭[Ru(bpy)₃]2+发光,猝灭常数为6.94×103 L·mol-1,猝灭速率常数为3.80×1010 L·mol-1·s-1;复合膜中Cu2+摩尔比(10倍)的增大使发射峰蓝移了11 nm,吸收和发射强度衰减至消失,Cu2+通过静态猝灭机制削弱[Ru(bpy)₃]2+发光。此外,对比于溶液和复合膜中Cu2+对[Ru(bpy)₂(tatp)]2+-DNA(tatp=1,4,8,9-四氮三苯)的发光调控,Cu2+仅能因静电作用猝灭复合膜中[Ru(bpy)₃]2+的发光。     

基于阳离子表面活性剂缔合微粒共振瑞利散射光谱法测定痕量O_3

以pH 4.0HAC-NaAC缓冲溶液为介质,用硼酸碘化钾溶液(BKI)作为O3吸收剂。O3将I-氧化生成为I2,溶液中过量的I-与I2又可形成I-3,有阳离子表面活性剂(CS)如氯代十六烷基吡啶(CPCl),溴代十四烷基吡啶(TPB),十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB),十四烷基苄基二甲基氯化铵(TDMAC)存在时,CS与I-3形成稳定的(CS-I3)n缔合微粒,在470nm处有一个较强的共振瑞利散射峰(RRS),随着O3浓度的增大,体系中的I-3增多,I-3与CS形成的(CS-I3)n缔合微粒越多,470nm处的RRS强度I增强,O3浓度与其增强值ΔI成线性关系,各体系的线性范围分别为15~50,50~100,5~25,1~50μmol·L-1,回归方程分别为ΔI=8.81c-4.01,ΔI=5.44c-3.11,ΔI=15.39c-1.55,ΔI=16.88c+0.51,检出限分别为4.9,12,2.85,0.56μmol·L-1 O3。实验考察了共存物质的影响,当O3浓度为2.5×10-6 mol·L-1,相对误差在±10%内时,4.0×10-5 mol·L-1 Hg2+,8.7×10-5 mol·L-1 Fe3+,5.0×10-5 mol·L-1 Ca2+,2.5×10-5mol·L-1 Zn2+和Cu2+,2.8×10-6 mol·L-1 Pb2+和Cr3+,4.2×10-5 mol·L-1 Mg2+,Mn2+和Ba2+对体系的测定无干扰。说明该方法具有良好的选择性。选用TDMAC体系检测空气中的O3,结果令人满意。采用激光散射技术研究了(TDMAC-I3)n缔合微粒体系的粒径分布。当通入O3后,过量KI与O3反应形成I-3,I-3与TDMAC反应生成(TDMAC-I3)n缔合微粒,其粒径集中分布在1 106~3 091nm之间。     

CaAl12O19:xMn4+红色荧光粉的合成及发光研究

用高温固相法合成了CaAl12O19∶xMn4+(x=0.0~0.001 84mol)红色荧光粉,研究了反应温度及Mn4+掺杂量对荧光强度的影响,通过正交设计优化的最佳合成条件是1 500℃,掺杂量x=0.014 7mol。荧光粉发射深红色光,其激发位于470nm处,而发射主峰位于656nm,其两侧的肩峰(643,666nm)为声子副带发射。光物理过程分析表明,470nm的激发为配体场的4 A2→4 T2的跃迁(d→d带),而656nm的发射属于2 E→4 A2的跃迁。由于470nm激发峰与市场LED蓝光芯片的460nm发射十分匹配,而且又是发射LED芯片缺少的红光,因此CaAl12O19∶xMn4+荧光粉十分适合用于LED光源。     

纳米银胶的光化学制备及其共振散射光谱研究

采用紫外光化学法制备了银胶 ,它的最强共振散射峰在 470nm处 ,最大吸收峰为 412 2nm。在共振散射波长 470nm处 ,银浓度在 0 45 6～ 9 12 μg·mL-1范围内与所得银胶的共振散射光强度呈良好线性关系。首次采用光化学法合成了稳定的蓝色银胶 ,其最强共振散射峰位于 470nm ,在 397 4和 6 2 3 4nm处有两个较强的吸收峰。     

阳离子表面活性剂对液相银纳米微粒吸收光谱的影响

粒径为20 nm的黄色银纳米微粒在400 nm处有一吸收峰,当加入阳离子表面活性剂(CS)的浓度较低时,A_{400 nm}减小,波长大于400 nm以上的吸收增大且体系的吸收峰发生红;当CS浓度较高时,波长大于400 nm以上的吸收减小,而在400 nm处的吸收增大,体系的吸收峰发生蓝移。研究表明这是由于CS与带负电荷的银纳米存在较强的疏水和静电作用而导致银纳米微粒形貌的改变所致。     

槲皮素与Cu2+和Al3+配位反应的紫外可见吸收光谱法研究

采用带有快门的增强型瞬态光谱探测系统ICCD, 实时拍摄了槲皮素与Cu2+ 和Al3+ 配位反应的紫外-可见吸收光谱。结果显示, Cu2+ 和Al3+与槲皮素配合, 在中性条件下都有吸收峰为428 nm左右的中间产物产生, 最终产物都在300 nm左右有稳定的吸收峰; 而酸性条件下则直接生成吸收峰为300 nm左右的最终产物。虽然Cu2+ 和Al3+是不同的金属离子, 但在相同的酸性或中性条件下, 它们与槲皮素的配合过程却是相似的,只是完成反应所需要的时间不同。本文结果为进一步研究槲皮素与金属离子配合的机理提供了实验依据。     

Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Ce3+:一种白光LED用绿色荧光粉

采用高温固相法合成了Ba3Tb(BO3)3和Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Ce3+两种绿色荧光粉,并研究了材料的发光性质.Ba3Tb(BO3)2材料呈多峰发射,发射峰位于439,493,547,589和629 nm,分别对应Tb3+的5D3→7F4和5D4→7F1=6,5,4,3跃迁发射,主峰为547 nm;监测547 nm发射峰,所得激发光谱由4f75d1宽带吸收(200-330 nm)和4f4f电子吸收(330-400 nm)组成,主峰为380 nm.以Ce3+激活Ba3Tb(BO3)3,所得Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Ce3+与Ba3Tb(BO3),材料的发射光谱分布相同,但发射强度明显增强,说明Ce3+对Tb3+产生了很好的敏化作用;监测547 nm最强发射峰,所得激发光谱为宽带,主峰位于360 nm.改变H3BO3量,Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Ce3+材料的发射强度随之变化,当H3BO3过量15 wt%时,发射强度最大.上述研究结果表明Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Ce3+是一种很好的适于UV-LED管芯激发的白光LED用绿色荧光粉.     

K_2ZnSiO_4∶Eu~(3+)红色荧光粉的制备及发光性能

采用高温固相法合成了适合近紫外光、蓝光激发的K2ZnSiO4∶Eu3+红色荧光粉,研究了该荧光粉的发光特性。XRD结果显示,所合成的荧光粉主晶相为K2ZnSiO4。样品的激发光谱由O2-→Eu3+电荷迁移带(200~350nm)和Eu3+离子的特征激发峰(350~500nm)组成,最强峰位于396nm,次强峰位于466nm。在396nm和466nm激发下,样品均呈多峰发射,分别由Eu3+离子的5D0→7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4)能级跃迁产生,其中619nm处峰值最大。增加Eu3+离子的掺杂浓度,荧光粉的发光逐渐增强。在实验测定的浓度范围内,未出现浓度猝灭现象。不同Eu3+浓度样品的色坐标均位于色品图红光区,非常接近NTSC标准。     

LiNbO_3∶Cr∶Cu晶体吸收特性及非挥发全息存储研究

研究了LiNbO3∶Cr∶Cu晶体的吸收特性,发现LiNbO3∶Cr∶Cu(含0.14wt.%Cr2O3和0.011wt.%CuO)晶体存在两个明显的吸收峰,中心波长分别位于480nm和660nm;随着Cr的含量逐渐减小,Cu的含量逐渐增大,短波段不存在明显吸收峰,掺Cr的含量越大,中心波长在660nm处的吸收越大;633nm红光虽然位于中心波长为660nm的吸收峰内,但它无助于光折变过程·分别采用390nm紫外光和488nm蓝光作为敏化光,514nm绿光作为记录光的记录方案,实现了非挥发全息记录,掺入适量的Cr(比如NCr=2.795×1025m-3,NCr/NCu=1)有助于全息记录性能的提高·     

CS21B2(1Σ+u)态预离解产物CS的振转布居研究

用一束波长为 2 10 .2 7nm的激光将CS2 分子激发至预离解态1B2 (1Σ+ u) ,用另一束激光通过激光诱导荧光 (LIF)方法检测碎片CS ,在 2 5 0 .5～ 2 86 .5nm获得了CS碎片A1Π←X1Σ+ 振转分辨的激发谱 .通过对光谱强度的分析 ,获得了CS碎片v″ =0～ 8的振动布居和v″=1,4～ 8振动态的转动布居 .结果发现 ,碎片CS的振动布居呈双模结构 ,分别对应于CS2 分子1B2 (1Σ+ u)态的两个解离通道 ,即CS(X1Σ+ ,v″=0～ 9) +S(3 PJ)和CS(X1Σ+ ,v″ =0～ 1)+S(1B2 ) .由此得到两个解离通道的分支比S(3 PJ) :S(1B2 )为 5 .6± 1.2 .与前人 193nm处的研究结果相比 ,2 10 .2 7nm激发更有利于S(3 PJ)通道的生成 .此外 ,实验还发现CS的转动布居不满足热平衡分布 ,为两个Boltzmann分布的合成     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.