军用车载光纤数据网络的访问方法研究

从光纤互连的角度分析了车载数据网络中访问方法的使用。研究显示它们的特性与节点数、包长和节点间的距离相关。统计分析了预留法的访问延迟和最大吞吐量。结果表明:星形拓扑的传播延迟最低,对IEEE802.5非常有用,但是访问方法较难实现,且最大吞吐量与节点数有关;光纤分布式数据接口(Fiber Distributed Data Interface,FD-DI)环适合比特率高的网络,最大吞吐量与节点数无关;令牌总线的吞吐量固有地小于令牌环。     

双芯太赫兹光纤定向耦合器

提出了一种双芯太赫兹光纤定向耦合器,两介质圆柱分别悬挂于两环形介质层的内部,形成光纤的两个纤芯,通过调节结构参数可使两偏振模耦合长度相等,从而实现了耦合长度与偏振无关的特性。耦合器件长度可为光纤模式耦合长度的1/2,器件长度较短,这降低了模式传输损耗。采用有限元法对耦合器进行了数值分析研究,结果表明:耦合器的长度为0.535 cm,x和y偏振模的传输损耗分别为0.23 dB和0.19 dB;在保证两偏振模的耦合长度差小于1%的前提下,其带宽可达到220 GHz。     

光纤CAN环形网络的研究

由于光纤优良的抗电磁干扰能力、低损耗等特点,使光纤CAN网络在微波加热等复杂工业环境中得到越来越广泛的应用。在分析了CAN总线通信协议和光纤媒介拓扑结构的基础上,提出了一种基于LPC2292微控制器的光纤CAN环形网络的设计方案。采用光收发一体模块和2X2光分路器相结合的方式,设计了相应的接口电路和CAN控制器软件,并根据信号衰减和延时计算出网络可容纳的最大节点数。通过3个节点的光纤CAN环网实验,验证了该网络设计方案的有效性。     

基于光纤环形腔光数据包循环复制的实验研究

通过实验研究了利用不同分光比耦合器构成的光纤环形腔实现光数据包循环复制的效果,并理论分析了影响复制效果的结构因素。耦合器分光比、光纤环形腔中的损耗和噪声对复制效果有不同的影响。光纤环形腔中光放大器、滤波器的加入,以及光脉冲直流基座的降低,可以明显改善输出的幅值和复制序列长度。但实验显示,接近等幅复制的光放大会引起光纤环形腔的自激。在这一情况下,在输出端增加饱和半导体光放大器（SOA）可提高复制信号的识别效果。     

光纤环形腔激光器输出特性的研究

对由不同长度的掺饵光纤、不同分光比的耦合器构成的光纤环形腔激光器的输出特性进行了实验研究。通过理论与实验分析,得出了激光器的输出功率、斜率效率与掺铒光纤的长度、耦合器的分光比有关,而且存在最佳值的结论。     

光纤定向耦合器

光纤定向耦合器是光纤通信和光纤传感领域中关键性无源器件之一.随着光纤制造技术 的发展,各种特殊光纤做成的各种光纤定向耦合器也就应运而生,如保偏光纤定向耦合器、双方向性单模光纤定向耦合器及波分复用光纤定向耦合器等.他们的作用都是把光信号进行分路或合路,以达到各种使用的目的. 光纤定向耦合器的理论基础是光波导的耦合理论.当两个光纤平行靠近时,一根光纤中传输的光信号的电磁场会使另一根相邻的光纤中的电磁场受到激励,产生光耦合效应.调节两根光纤之间的间距或光纤之间的耦合长度,在两根光纤的输出端将会产生输出光信号功率的…     

基于光纤环形腔衰荡光谱的偏振测量

针对传统偏振测量较难同时实现高灵敏度和较好稳定性的问题,提出了一种采用光纤环形腔衰荡光谱技术进行偏振测量的方法,并进行了实验证明.对比分析了掺铒光纤放大器放置在环形腔的内部和外部对脉冲曲线和脉冲数量的影响.在掺铒光纤放大器中使用长度为2m的低增益和低噪声掺铒光纤来减少波形失真并补偿环形腔的内部衰减.利用光纤环形腔衰荡光谱系统对偏振角进行测量,通过记录分析环形腔中光脉冲的衰减时间得到偏振角的变化.结果表明:偏振角和衰减时间在0°~90°的范围内满足良好的线性关系,光纤环形腔衰荡光谱系统的灵敏度和拟合曲线的相关系数分别为4.05μs/°和0.999 6,最大灵敏度误差为0.027 3μs/°.通过10次重复实验,选取六组数据进行拟合得到系统的平均再现性误差为0.030 8,重复性良好,可用于旋光溶液测量,也为光纤径向应力双折射特性和光纤激光器的偏振态测量提供了参考.     

掺铒光纤环形腔中呼吸脉冲的产生

本文基于Peregrine孤子,数值研究掺铒光纤环形腔中呼吸脉冲的产生及其演化特性。Peregrine孤子是一个具有时空局域性的高峰值单脉冲。由于背景波与孤子的相互作用,Peregrine孤子在单模光纤中传输发生分裂。为了产生长距离传输的高峰值脉冲,就需要消除背景波。本文采用掺铒光纤环形腔的方案来消除背景波的影响。掺铒光纤环形腔由单模光纤,掺铒光纤和光纤耦合器组成。通过控制环内单模光纤和掺铒光纤长度,使腔内色散达到近零色散,实现色散管理。研究表明,由于呼吸脉冲的峰值强度与Peregrine孤子的初始输入有关。为了获得高峰值的呼吸脉冲,选取Peregrine孤子在最大激发位置处的脉冲作为光纤环的初始输入。在光纤环的作用下,Peregrine孤子在近零色散环形腔中可以产生长距离传输的高峰值呼吸脉冲,而背景波逐渐演化成小的旁瓣脉冲。另外,高峰值呼吸脉冲的传输特性与色散、非线性和小信号增益有关。净腔色散在[-0.0010,0.0037] ps²范围之内,可以产生长距离传输的高峰值呼吸脉冲。随着非线性系数的增加,呼吸脉冲的峰值强度增加,峰值振荡频率加快,振荡幅度也增加。当非...     

双环形腔并联瑞利后向散射式光纤陀螺

基于单环后向瑞利散射式光纤陀螺原理,提出了一种双环形腔并联的瑞利后向散射式光纤陀螺仪新结构.利用两个2×2单模光纤耦合器,建立了并联双环形腔瑞利后向散射式光纤陀螺仪的理论模型,给出了信号表达式.利用优化的环长和分光比两结构参量,分析了瑞利后向散射式光纤陀螺仪信号的输出特性.选择双环的长度分别为1500 m和1078 m,2×2光纤耦合器的耦合系数分别为95.23%和94.88%构建了测试系统,用光时域反射计(OTDR)对不同转速所探测到的后向瑞利散射信号进行测量,验证了这种新结构的可行性.同单环后向瑞利散射式光纤陀螺仪相比,双环的采用,增加了测试的有效数据,使其更有利于识别,提高了测量转速的精度.     

熔锥型微纳光纤耦合器的理论与实验研究

针对熔融拉锥系统制得的熔锥型微纳光纤耦合器,选择适当的连续函数描述其光场分布,采用归一化的三角分布和矩形分布的加权叠加,以及高斯分布和三角分布的加权叠加实现了模场沿耦合器区域的连续变化;利用局部模式耦合理论推导出腰区及腰区附近锥形区的耦合系数计算公式,并得到微纳光纤耦合器输出光功率随拉伸长度的变化曲线.计算结果表明,随着拉伸长度的增加,光能量在两臂中来回交替耦合的程度变小并且呈现包络样,直至腰区耦合功能消失.通过实时监测拉制微纳光纤耦合器的输出光功率,得到火焰扫描宽度以及氢气流量对双纤失去耦合效应拉伸长度的影响:火焰扫描宽度(均匀腰区)越宽,拉伸长度临界值越大;氢气流量(熔融度)越大,拉伸长度临界值越小.实验结果显示,当光纤耦合器腰区直径达到1.6μm时,耦合功能消失,两输出端口光功率相同且恒定,微纳光纤耦合器具备稳定的光学传输特性.     

Comparison of optical network topologies for wavelength division multiplexed transport networks

In this paper, the various network topologies comprising of various nodes have been investigated and compared. The signal is analyzed as it passes through each node in each of the network topology. For the ring topology, it is shown that there is no appreciable signal degradation in the ring network. It is seen that there is increase in Quality factor i.e. signal keeps on improving as it passes through the successive nodes. For the bus topology, the quality of signal goes on decreasing with increase in the number of nodes and the power penalty goes on increasing. For the star topology, it is observed that received power values of each node at a same distance from the hub are same and the performance is same. For the tree topology, it is observed that the performance of the optical tree is almost identical to the performance of ring topology, as signal quality is improved as it passes through the successive nodes of the hierarchy but the overall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used and if the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down.     

Fused biconical tapered fiber-optic devices: Application to data buses

The technology of fiber-optic couplers based on fused biconical tapered structures is reviewed, and the linear and star data-bus configurations that can be constructed using these couplers are discussed. A useful network topology for interconnecting star couplers using the hybrid transmission-reflection star coupler is also proposed. This network configuration has the advantage of requiring significantly less optical fiber than networks employing a single transmission or reflection star.     

Fused biconical tapered fiber-optic devices: Application to data buses

Abstract

The technology of fiber-optic couplers based on fused biconical tapered structures is reviewed, and the linear and star data-bus configurations that can be constructed using these couplers are discussed. A useful network topology for interconnecting star couplers using the hybrid transmission-reflection star coupler is also proposed. This network configuration has the advantage of requiring significantly less optical fiber than networks employing a single transmission or reflection star.     

A reliable wavelength division multiplexing metro-access network realizing crosstalk-free transmission between uplink and downlink

A novel wavelength division multiplexing metro-access network based on dual-fiber ring of remote nodes and star topology of optical network units is designed to realize the reliable network in case of either single or dual fiber failure. In the design, the survivability of the network is largely enhanced by three work modes. Simultaneously, this network structure can also avoid the crosstalk between uplink and downlink. The simulation results demonstrated with 2.5-Gb/s up/downstream signals show this approach could work very well.     

Optical arithmetic unit using bit-WDM

A novel arithmetic unit is proposed consisting of a pipelined optical ripple carry adder that adds two words with bits multiplexed by different wavelengths on a single fiber. The addition result is returned to a fiber bus in the same format as the incoming words. The corresponding operand bit pairs are split off the fiber using wavelength division demultiplexers. Full adders compute the sum for each bit pair and the carry from the next lower significant bit pair. The full adder uses couplers and NOT, NOR and novel XOR logic gates constructed using semiconductor optical amplifiers for gain and wavelength shifting.     

Performance analysis of topologies for optical wavelength convertible networks

An architecture of wavelength converters shared per-node wavelength cross-connects is proposed to function the optical node in simulation. And first-fit wavelength allocation algorithm and Dijkstra shortest path routing algorithm are used. It is shown that star topology performs the best on blocking probability, average hop count and average packet delay, but it is unfavorable on link utilization. Furthermore, wavelength conversion is not ideal for the star topology. However, the ring topology network is the cost-optimal one if the appropriate wavelength conversion capability in network is to be considered.     

Exploitation of the Fiber Capacity in Optical Networks Using Time,Frequency, and Space Division Multiple Accesses

In this work we investigate how to obtain very high capacity transmissions in optical networks taking into account the limitations due to the physical channel. We consider both the case in which all the users are connected by a star coupler and the case in which the users are directly connected by the network topology. As a reference, we consider a ring network and a Shuffle Multihop Network (SMN). The use of optical systems to implement high-capacity networks is numerically investi gated by means of numerical simulations taking into consideration the channel limitations due to the chromatic dispersion, the Kerr effect, and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise of the optical amplifiers. In our model, we consider that the signal, during the routing process that is performed at the user position, undergoes only an attenuation. We suppose the use of intensity modulated signals and receivers with direct detection. Packet switching and digital transmission are assumed with soliton and conventional nonreturn to zero signals. Both wave length and time division multiple accesses are considered. The results show that, in the case of the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technique, the use of a star coupler to connect the users reduces the capacity of a network with respect to the case in which a direct connection of the users is used. This is due to the strong power fluctuations that are present during the signal propagation and to the large quantity of accumulated ASE noise. On the other hand, the use of a star coupler shows the advantage to being easily reconfigurable. The Wavelength Divison Multiple Access (WDMA) technique permits us to achieve higher capacities with respect to the TDMA. This is due to the fact that in the propagation conditions, due to the presence of a star coupler, high bit rate signals are strongly degraded. On the other hand, several low bit rate signals operating at different wavelengths can propagate with a low power level, avoiding strong degradation due to the Four Wave Mixing (FWM) effect. Among the topologies considered in this work, the SMN is the one that generally permits us to reach the highest throughput because in the SMN the signal hops in a limited number of Network Interface Units (NIUs) before reaching the final destination.     

Distributed queue optical burst switched ring—A MAC protocol with zero blocking for OBS ring networks

Optical burst switching is a switching technology that is able to provide viable switching for optical internet with the present day technology. This paper presents a new medium access protocol for wavelength division multiplexing based optical burst switched metro ring network namely distributed queue optical burst switched ring (DQOBSR). It is a slotted, distributed queue access protocol with fixed bus structure and simple wavelength assignment. The topology consists of two unidirectional, counter rotating rings and the medium access protocol is based on distributed queuing. The protocol provides zero blocking with acceptable access delays. A mathematical model is also presented to determine the mean access delay which is the important performance parameter for the protocol. The simulation and model based results are compared and found to be in good agreement.     

High Speed All-Optical Data Distribution Network

This article describes the performance and capabilities of an all-optical network featuring low latency, high speed file transfer between serially connected optical nodes. A basic component of the network is a network interface card (NIC) implemented through a unique planar lightwave circuit (PLC) that performs add/drop data and optical signal amplification. The network uses a linear bus topology with nodes in a “T” configuration, as described in the text. The signal is sent optically (hence, no latency) to all nodes via wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), with each node receiver tuned to wavelength of choice via an optical de-multiplexer. Each “T” node routes a portion of the signal to/from the bus through optical couplers, embedded in the network interface card (NIC), to each of the 1 through n computers.