Characterization of equilibrium strategies in a class of difference games

We formulate a class of N player difference games and derive open—loop and Markov equilibria. It turns out that both types of equilibria can be characterized by a set of difference equations that describe the equilibrium dynamics. We analyze the stability properties of the difference equations that correspond to an equilibrium and find that in both the open—loop and the Markov game there is convergence towards a steady state equilibrium     

Monotonicity of solutions converging to a saddle point equilibrium

If a difference equation has a saddle point equilibrium, then there are solutions which converge to this equilibrium. For second order equations, conditions are given which imply that these solutions are monotone. These results are used to analyze a rational difference equation which possesses a saddle point equilibrium.     

On the stability in a discrete two-species competition system

The paper discusses a two-species discrete competition system. The local stability of positive equilibrium is obtained. Further, a sufficient condition for the global asymptotic stability of positive equilibrium is established by using an iteration scheme and the comparison principle of difference equations.     

Cycle-creating bifurcation from a family of equilibria of a dynamical system and its delay

For a dynamical system with cosymmetry, a study is made of the bifurcation in which a cycle branches off from an equilibrium in a continuous one-parameter family of equilibria, as the parameter passes through a critical value. Unlike the classical situation that occurs when the equilibrium is isolated, a self-excited oscillatory mode generally branches off with delay relative to the parameter. Another characteristic difference is the possibility of supercritical branching of an unstable limit cycle.     

On a method of evaluation of attraction domain for fixed point of nonlinear point mapping of arbitrary dimension

In this paper we describe the method of attraction domain evaluation for equilibrium states of nonlinear discrete dynamic system based on Lyapunov functions method. Attraction domain evaluation size is equilibrium state neighborhood where the first difference of Lyapunov function is negative. Lyapunov function is chosen as positive quadratic form for which the negativity of its first difference by virtue of linearized system is guaranteed with given supply. We propose the method of attraction domain extension.     

差分系统平衡点的判别

平衡点在研究差分系统的零解的稳定性时具有极其重要的作用.本文首先给出了线性差分系统平衡点存在的充要条件,然后给出非线性差分系统平衡点存在的充分条件,最后给出了高阶差分系统平衡点存在的充分条件.     

On a Class of Difference Equations with Strong Negative Feedback

We investigate the behavior of the positive solutions of a class of difference equations with strong negative feedback. In particular we show that the positive equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable.     

High-frequency spectral distribution of the equilibrium radiation energy in a plasma

We establish that the difference of the spectral distribution of the equilibrium radiation energy in matter from the Planck formula in the high-frequency range is determined by the imaginary part of the transverse dielectric permittivity of the matter. Based on this, we show that in a rarified high-temperature fully ionized nonrelativistic plasma, the high-frequency spectral distribution of the equilibrium radiation energy differs essentially from the Planck formula because of the power-law character of the decrease in the frequency, which is due to the presence of matter.     

基于最优让步均衡协调策略的供应链差价补偿机制研究

制造商为了激励零售商订购更多数量的产品,会在产品零售价下调时提供给零售商一定的补偿,如何制定最优补偿机制是提高供应链收益的关键问题.为此,建立了两阶段销售差价补偿机制下制造商与零售商的博弈模型,分析了纳什均衡解和Stackelberg均衡解下制造商对零售商的差价补偿机制的决策行为,导出了在最优让步均衡策略下差价补偿机制...     

Stability of equilibrium points of demand-inventory model with stock-dependent demand

A model of demand and inventory of a product in one echelon of supply chain is considered. The model is formulated as a system of difference equations, in which every equilibrium point is nonhyperbolic. A positive invariant set of the system is constructed. An analysis of properties of equilibrium points of the system is based on the Lyapunov method or reducing it to the family of systems of difference equations with hyperbolic equilibrium points.     

Analysis of stability for a discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system

The paper investigated the dynamical behaviors of a two-species discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system. The local stability of the equilibria is obtained by using the linearization method. Further, a new sufficient condition on the global asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium is established by using an iteration scheme and the comparison principle of difference equations.     

高阶非线性差分方程的全局吸引性

研究了一类高阶非线性差分方程所有正解的周期性,不变区间及全局吸引性.证明了方程的正平衡点是在一个依赖于参数的盆里的全局吸引子.     

Explicit asymptotic limits for a class of discrete Volterra equations

This paper presents explicit asymptotic limits for some solutions of a special kind of Volterra difference equations and exhibits a class of equations having asymptotic equilibrium.     

Global dynamics of a competitive system of rational difference equations

In this paper, we study the qualitative behavior of a competitive system of second‐order rational difference equations. More precisely, we investigate the boundedness character, existence and uniqueness of positive equilibrium point, local asymptotic stability and global stability of the unique positive equilibrium point and rate of convergence of positive solutions of the system. Some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical bifurcation of a delayed diffusive food‐limited model with Dirichlet boundary condition

This paper studies the Neimark–Sacker bifurcation of a diffusive food‐limited model with a finite delay and Dirichlet boundary condition by the backward Euler difference scheme, Crank‐Nicolson difference scheme, and nonstandard finite‐difference scheme. The existence of Neimark‐Sacker bifurcation at the equilibrium is obtained. Our results show that Crank‐Nicolson and nonstandard finite‐difference schemes are superior to the backward Euler difference scheme under the means of describing approximately the dynamics of the original system. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the analytical results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Permanence of stability for a class of system of differential equations with two delays

The paper studies a class of a system of linear retarded differential difference equations with several parameters. It presents some sufficient conditions under which no stability changes for an equilibrium point occurs. Application of these results is given.     

二阶非线性差分方程的全局吸引性

[摘　要] 研究了差分方程xn+1=a-bxn-1A-xn(a≥0,A≥b≥0)的全局稳定性和正解的周期性.证明了方程的一个正平衡点是一个全局吸引子,并给出了相应的吸引域.     

Dynamic modeling of the power market and analysis of its complex behavior based on a nonlinear complementarity function

In order to accurately simulate the dynamic decision-making behaviors of market participants, a new dynamic model of power markets that considers the constraints of realistic power networks is proposed in this paper. This model is represented by discrete difference equations embedded within the optimization problem of market clearing. Compared with existing dynamic models, the remarkable characteristic of the proposed model is twofold: it accurately reflects the process of market clearing by the Independent System Operator (ISO) while considering the inherent physical characteristics of power networks, i.e., the complex network constraints; and it describes the market condition that the generation and demand sides bid simultaneously. Using a nonlinear complementary function, the complex discrete difference dynamic model is transformed into a set of familiar discrete difference algebraic equations. Then, the complex dynamic behaviors of power markets are quantitatively analyzed. Corresponding to different operating conditions of power network, such as congestion or non-congestion, the Nash equilibrium of power markets and its stability are calculated, and the periodic and even chaotic dynamic behaviors are exhibited when the market parameters are beyond the stability region of the Nash equilibrium.     

Oscillation and attractivity in a discrete model with quadratic nonlinearity

Let a, c [euro] (0, ∞), b [euro] [IML0001] and let k be a nonnegative integer. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for all positive solutions of the nonlinear difference equation [IML0002] to oscillate about its positive equilibrium. When k = 0, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the positive equilibrium of Eq. (?) to be a global attractor of all positive solutions.     

高阶非线性差分方程的全局吸引性

研究了差分方程 xn 1 =a - bxn- k A - xn( a≥ 0 ,A≥ b≥ 0 )的全局稳定性和正解的周期性质 .证明了方程的一个正平衡点是一个全局吸引子 ,并给出了相应的吸引域