禽肉中己烯雌酚的LC-MS/MS测定

20世纪70年代人们发现己烯雌酚有蛋白同化作用,许多养殖户用其促进家畜、家禽的发育,达到提高经济效益的目的.     

动物组织与水产品中头孢氨苄残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱检测

建立了牛肉、猪肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪、鱼肉、虾肉中头孢氨苄残留的LC-MS/MS检测方法.组织样品中的头孢氨苄用甲醇-0.2%偏磷酸 (体积比3 ∶ 7)溶液提取,采用Oasis HLB固相萃取小柱净化.分析样品以甲酸溶液(体积分数0.1%)-乙腈为流动相,经MG-Ⅱ C18色谱柱分离,在LC-MS/MS多反应监测模式下进行定性、定量分析,采用正离子扫描.头孢氨苄的定量下限为0.01 mg/kg,动物组织和水产品样品在0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2 mg/kg添加水平的回收率为75% ～106%,相对标准偏差(n=10)为5.3% ～12.1%.     

Determination of Chloramphenicol Residues in Foods by ELISA and LC-MS/MS Coupled with Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction

The combination of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) with ELISA and LC-MS/MS was developed for the detection of chloramphenicol (CAP) in honey samples. Significant recoveries of 99.1 ± 7.1 and 98.8 ± 8.2% were obtained for intra- and inter-assay determination by ELISA determination, respectively. The limit of detection of CAP was 0.034 μg kg^?1 and the limit of quantification was 0.046 μg kg^?1. Determination and validation of CAP by using LC-MS/MS were performed following the same extraction and purification process as for the ELISA. The results demonstrated that the CAP samples purified by using MISPE were simultaneously applicable to analysis by ELISA and LC-MS/MS.     

LC-MS/MS Peptide Mapping with Automated Data Processing for Routine Profiling of N-Glycans in Immunoglobulins

Protein N-Glycan analysis is traditionally performed by high pH anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) on fluorescence-labeled glycans enzymatically released from the glycoprotein. These methods require time-consuming sample preparations and do not provide site-specific glycosylation information. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) peptide mapping is frequently used for protein structural characterization and, as a bonus, can potentially provide glycan profile on each individual glycosylation site. In this work, a recently developed glycopeptide fragmentation model was used for automated identification, based on their MS/MS, of N-glycopeptides from proteolytic digestion of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Experimental conditions were optimized to achieve accurate profiling of glycoforms. Glycan profiles obtained from LC-MS/MS peptide mapping were compared with those obtained from HPAEC, RPLC, and HILIC analyses of released glycans for several mAb molecules. Accuracy, reproducibility, and linearity of the LC-MS/MS peptide mapping method for glycan profiling were evaluated. The LC-MS/MS peptide mapping method with fully automated data analysis requires less sample preparation, provides site-specific information, and may serve as an alternative method for routine profiling of N-glycans on immunoglobulins as well as other glycoproteins with simple N-glycans.

LC-MS/MS Determination of 21 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Residues in Animal Milk and Muscles

The presented procedure combines experience from two LC-MS/MS methods previously developed by our team for NSAIDs determination in meat and milk. The novelty was a modification of sample preparation and combining LC-MS/MS method for milk and muscle. The clean-up procedure was investigated, leading to a change from SPE to dSPE with C18 bulk sorbent. Unlike most of the existing methods, chromatographic separation was achieved on a C8 chromatographic column. This method was developed and validated under European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Recovery for milk samples values between 86.3% to 108%, with the coefficient of variation, varied from 5.51% to 16.2%. The recovery for muscle was calculated to be between 85.0% and 109%, and the coefficient of variation was—4.73% to 16.6%. The validation results prove that the method is suitable for confirmatory purposes in milk and muscle. Of 452 samples tested in 2019 and 2020, two have been identified as non-compliant.     

Qu ECh ERS/LC-MS/MS法测定食品中7种真菌毒素

建立了食品中常见的黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、黄曲霉毒素B2(AFB2)、黄曲霉毒素G1(AFG1)、黄曲霉毒素G2(AFG2)、赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)、赭曲霉毒素B(OTB)和赭曲霉毒素C(OTC) 7种真菌毒素的QuEChERS前处理净化结合液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品用甲酸-乙腈(10∶90)进行酸化稀释,离心后取上清液经吸附净化剂(1. 2 g MgSO4+0. 25 g C18+0. 4 g PSA+0. 25 g Al-N)富集净化,过滤后采用LC-MS/MS在多反应监测(MRM)模式下测定。7种真菌毒素在各自范围内线性良好,相关系数(r)均不小于0. 999。在最佳条件下,方法的定量下限(LOQ)为0. 25~5. 0μg/kg,7种毒素的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1. 1%~7. 7%,平均回收率为71. 5%~119%。该方法操作方便、灵敏度高、重现性好,能满足大批量食品中上述7种真菌毒素残留的检测要求。     

牛奶中链霉素与双氢链霉素残留检测的液相色谱-串联质谱法研究

链霉素(streptomycin)是从放线菌属灰链丝菌培养液中提取的一种氨基糖苷类抗生素,兽医临床上常用于预防和治疗革兰氏阴性菌和结核杆菌等引起的感染.由于其抗菌谱广,而且价格低廉,因此在奶牛养殖业中常被大量应用于治疗奶牛乳腺炎等.     

Sunitinib LC–MS/MS Assay in Mouse Plasma and Brain Tissue: Application in CNS Distribution Studies

Sunitinib malate is a multi-targeted tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, currently in clinical trials for glioma. Previously developed methods for preclinical studies in species such as mice have either employed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or did not describe a detailed analytical method, which could be employed by other preclinical laboratories. In this paper, we have developed and validated a simple, sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometric method (LC–MS/MS) for the determination of sunitinib concentration in mouse plasma and brain tissue homogenate using dasatinib-free base as the internal standard. A single step liquid–liquid extraction method was used for both the matrices. Since sunitinib exhibits light-induced E/Z isomerism, all sample preparation was done in light-protected conditions. Separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18 column 4.6 × 50 mm, 1.8 μm. The mobile phase consisted of 20 mM ammonium formate (with 0.1 % formic acid): acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) pumped isocratically at a flow rate of 0.25 mL min⁻¹ with a total run-time of 13 min. The retention times of sunitinib and dasatinib were 7.8 and 5.5 min, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the range from 1.95 to 500 ng mL⁻¹ in both plasma and brain tissue homogenate with 1.95 ng mL⁻¹ as the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for both the matrices. Inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision was <15 % for low QC, med QC and high QC and <20 % for LLOQ. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in FVB wild-type mice to determine the plasma and brain concentrations after a single oral sunitinib malate dose of 20 mg kg⁻¹.

     

Sunitinib LC–MS/MS Assay in Mouse Plasma and Brain Tissue: Application in CNS Distribution Studies

Sunitinib malate is a multi-targeted tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, currently in clinical trials for glioma. Previously developed methods for preclinical studies in species such as mice have either employed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or did not describe a detailed analytical method, which could be employed by other preclinical laboratories. In this paper, we have developed and validated a simple, sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometric method (LC–MS/MS) for the determination of sunitinib concentration in mouse plasma and brain tissue homogenate using dasatinib-free base as the internal standard. A single step liquid–liquid extraction method was used for both the matrices. Since sunitinib exhibits light-induced E/Z isomerism, all sample preparation was done in light-protected conditions. Separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18 column 4.6 × 50 mm, 1.8 μm. The mobile phase consisted of 20 mM ammonium formate (with 0.1 % formic acid): acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) pumped isocratically at a flow rate of 0.25 mL min^?1 with a total run-time of 13 min. The retention times of sunitinib and dasatinib were 7.8 and 5.5 min, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the range from 1.95 to 500 ng mL^?1 in both plasma and brain tissue homogenate with 1.95 ng mL^?1 as the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for both the matrices. Inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision was <15 % for low QC, med QC and high QC and <20 % for LLOQ. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in FVB wild-type mice to determine the plasma and brain concentrations after a single oral sunitinib malate dose of 20 mg kg^?1.     

Progress and Challenges in Quantifying Carbonyl-Metabolomic Phenomes with LC-MS/MS

Carbonyl-containing metabolites widely exist in biological samples and have important physiological functions. Thus, accurate and sensitive quantitative analysis of carbonyl-containing metabolites is crucial to provide insight into metabolic pathways as well as disease mechanisms. Although reversed phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RPLC-ESI-MS) is widely used due to the powerful separation capability of RPLC and high specificity and sensitivity of MS, but it is often challenging to directly analyze carbonyl-containing metabolites using RPLC-ESI-MS due to the poor ionization efficiency of neutral carbonyl groups in ESI. Modification of carbonyl-containing metabolites by a chemical derivatization strategy can overcome the obstacle of sensitivity; however, it is insufficient to achieve accurate quantification due to instrument drift and matrix effects. The emergence of stable isotope-coded derivatization (ICD) provides a good solution to the problems encountered above. Thus, LC-MS methods that utilize ICD have been applied in metabolomics including quantitative targeted analysis and untargeted profiling analysis. In addition, ICD makes multiplex or multichannel submetabolome analysis possible, which not only reduces instrument running time but also avoids the variation of MS response. In this review, representative derivatization reagents and typical applications in absolute quantification and submetabolome profiling are discussed to highlight the superiority of the ICD strategy for detection of carbonyl-containing metabolites.     

应用8标iTRAQ技术结合2D LC-MS/MS分析大鼠再生肝的差异蛋白质组

首次应用8标iTRAQ(Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation)技术结合2D LC-MS/MS(Two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry),以部分肝切除的大鼠为模型,全面分析了再生早期(6、12 h)、中期(24、48 h)和晚期(72、120 h)肝脏蛋白质的表达差异。共鉴定357种蛋白质,6个时间点共有60种蛋白质的表达量与对照组(手术切下的正常肝组织)有显著差异。其中,ADH1(Alcohol dehy-drogenase 1)和PRDX1(Peroxiredoxin 1)等的表达变化趋势与已有报道相同,GO(Gene ontology)的蛋白质功能注释提示ADH1、CAT(Catalase)、ENO1(Enolase 1)和APOA1(Apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ)等可能通过影响细胞凋亡和能量供给等方式参与肝再生调控。聚类分析表明,术后12 h和24 h蛋白质的整体表达模式相似,6 h与此二者相近,48 h和72 h相似,而120 h与这些时间点相差最远。该研究验证了8标iTRAQ是并行处理多组样本的有效技术,适合于生理和病理过程多时间点蛋白质组的定量差异分析,可以监控关键分子的动态变化,更易发掘重要的调控靶点分子。该文为进一步探讨肝再生机理提供了有价值的线索。     

Multiresidue method to quantify pesticides in fish muscle by QuEChERS-based extraction and LC-MS/MS

Pesticide residues in fish muscle are an environmental and a health safety concern which requires analytical methods presenting high sensitivity and low limits of quantification. In this study, adapted QuEChERS method, coupled to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (Scheduled MRM-5500 QTRAP), was developed to quantify 13 pesticides (azoxystrobin, clomazone, diflufenican, dimethachlor, carbendazim, iprodion, isoproturon, mesosulfuron-methyl, metazachlor, napropamid, quizalofop and thifensulfuron-methyl) in muscle of fish. Quantification limits were below 1 ng g⁻¹ except for clomazone (1.8 ng g⁻¹) and quizalofop (7.4 ng g⁻¹). Best recoveries were observed for perch (>80%) and roach (>68%), except for thifensulfuron-methyl. Lower recoveries had been observed for carp (6% to 86%). Relative standard deviation was lower than 28% for intra-day and 29% for inter-day analysis, respectively. This method was successfully tested on three fish species, naturally or orally exposed: roach (Rutilus rutilus), perch (Perca fluviatilis) and carp (Cyprinus carpio). Few levels were observed in fish naturally exposed, but carp and perch orally contaminated showed measurable levels in their muscles.     

Comparison of several extraction procedures for the determination of biopesticides in soil samples by ultrahigh pressure LC-MS/MS

A new procedure has been proposed for the determination of biopesticides (nicotine, sabadine, veratridine, rotenone, azadirachtin, cevadine, deguelin, spynosad D, and pyrethrins) and piperonyl butoxide in agricultural soils. Several extraction procedures such as solid-liquid extraction using mechanical shaking, sonication, pressurized liquid extraction, and modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) have been tested, obtaining better results when QuEChERS procedure without further cleanup steps was applied. The determination of the compounds was carried out by ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, using methanol and aqueous solution of ammonium formate 5 mM as mobile phase. The method was validated for all compounds at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 μg/kg and recoveries ranged from 68 to 116%, except for nicotine and sabadine, with recoveries lower than 50%. Precision was estimated through intra- and inter-day studies, obtaining intra-day precision lower than 20% for most of the compounds, and inter-day precision was lower than 25%. Limits of detection and quantification were also estimated, obtaining limits of quantification equal or lower than 10 μg/kg. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of 20 real agricultural soil samples and no biopesticide residues were found over the limit of quantification.     

LC-MS/MS Analysis and Comparison of Oxidative Damages on Peptides Induced by Pathogen Reduction Technologies for Platelets

Pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) are photochemical processes that use a combination of photosensitizers and UV-light to inactivate pathogens in platelet concentrates (PCs), a blood-derived product used to prevent hemorrhage. However, different studies have questioned the impact of PRT on platelet function and transfusion efficacy, and several proteomic analyses revealed possible oxidative damages to proteins. The present work focused on the oxidative damages produced by the two main PRT on peptides. Model peptides containing residues prone to oxidation (tyrosine, histidine, tryptophane, and cysteine) were irradiated with a combination of amotosalen/UVA (Intercept process) or riboflavin/UVB (Mirasol-like process). Modifications were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Cysteine-containing peptides formed disulfide bridges (R-SS-R, ?2 Da; favored following amotosalen/UVA), sulfenic and sulfonic acids (R-SOH, +16 Da, R-SO₃H, +48 Da, favored following riboflavin/UVB) upon treatment and the other amino acids exhibited different oxidations revealed by mass shifts from +4 to +34 Da involving different mechanisms; no photoadducts were detected. These amino acids were not equally affected by the PRT and the combination riboflavin/UVB generated more oxidation than amotosalen/UVA. This work identifies the different types and sites of peptide oxidations under the photochemical treatments and demonstrates that the two PRT may behave differently. The potential impact on proteins and platelet functions may thus be PRT-dependent.

QuEChERS-液相色谱串联质谱法快速检测果蔬中的农药多残留

建立了果蔬样品中氨基甲酸酯类、有机磷类、苯并咪唑类、苯甲酰脲类等各类29种农药多残留的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。采用QuEChERS方法进行前处理,样品经1%冰醋酸乙腈提取、醋酸钠和无水硫酸镁盐析后,上清液加入伯仲胺粉、C18粉及石墨化碳黑粉进行分散固相萃取净化。提取液经Waters SunFire C18(5μm,4.6×150 mm)色谱柱分离后,进行LC-MS/MS多反应监测模式下的定性及定量分析。29种农药的检出限在0.005~0.352μg/kg之间,定量限在0.015~1.176μg/kg之间。在1~10μg/kg的3个添加水平范围上,平均回收率在70%~119%之间,RSD小于16%。本方法可用于果蔬样品中农药多残留的确证检测。     

液相色谱–串联质谱法测定水果及其制品中氯吡脲残留量

建立了液相色谱–三重四极杆串联质谱测定水果及其制品中氯吡脲的方法。样品经乙腈提取,氨基固相萃取小柱净化后,用ZORBAX Extend-C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)分离,以甲醇–水为流动相等度洗脱,采用多反应监测正离子模式检测,外标法定量。氯吡脲的质量浓度在4.0~200.0 ng/m L范围内线性良好,相关系数大于0.999,在5.0,10.0,20.0μg/kg 3个添加水平下,氯吡脲的平均加标回收率为86%~92%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.3%~7.6%(n=5),方法定量下限为2.0μg/kg。方法灵敏度高,操作简便,定量准确,可满足梨、柑桔、黄桃等水果及其罐头制品中氯吡脲残留的检测与确证需要。     

LC-MS/MS法定量测定人血浆中阿司匹林及其代谢产物水杨酸

阿司匹林是水杨酸类非甾体抗炎药,它能够快速而广泛地分布到人体多数组织和体液中,在体内水解产生水杨酸.     

CNBr裂解结合ESI MS/MS测定重组人TNFR和纽兰格林的C端序列

随着基因工程和蛋白质工程的发展,越来越多的重组蛋白药物被研发和走向市场.为保证重组蛋白药物的质量,中国药品和食品监督管理局规定重组蛋白药物报批需提供包括N端、C端、二硫键、肽质量指纹谱等一级结构确证数据.     

Determination of chloroacetanilides, triazines and phenylureas and some of their metabolites in soils by pressurised liquid extraction, GC-MS/MS, LC-MS and LC-MS/MS

Pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used for the simultaneous extraction of phenylureas, triazines and chloroacetanilides and some of their metabolites from soils. Extractions were performed by mixing 15 g of dried soil with 30 mL of acetone under 100 atm at 50 degrees C, during 3 min and with three PLE cycles. Prior to the analysis of naturally contaminated soils, each of the five representative soil matrices used as blanks (of different depths) was spiked in triplicate with standards of each parent and degradation compound at about 10, 30 and 120 microg/kg. For each experiment, isoproturon-D6 and atrazine-D5 were used as surrogates. Analysis of phenylureas and metabolites of triazines and phenylureas was carried out by reversed phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and LC-MS/MS in the positive mode. Gas chromatography (GC)/ion trap mass spectrometry was used in the MS/MS mode for the parent triazines and chloroacetanilides. The average extraction recoveries were above 85%, except for didesmethyl-isoproturon, and quantification limits were between 0.5 and 5 microg/kg. The optimised multi-residue method was applied to soils and solids below the root zone, sampled from agricultural plots of a small French hydrogeological basin.