保健食品中西地那非化学发光免疫分析方法研究

针对保健食品中西地那非药物的非法添加问题,该研究采用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）与鲁米诺为信号输出系统,结合直接竞争模式探索了保健食品中西地那非的直接竞争化学发光酶免疫分析方法。基于特异性多克隆抗体,通过逐步优化策略,确定最佳免疫分析条件为：包被原质量浓度为41.67 ng/mL,酶标抗体质量浓度为1.25 μg/mL,封闭液和洗涤液的吐温－20含量为0.05%,稀释液的甲醇添加量为5%,竞争反应时间为40 min。在该条件下,建立了西地那非的直接竞争化学发光免疫分析方法,该方法对西地那非的半抑制浓度（IC50）为0.17 ng/mL,线性检测范围（IC20～IC80）为0.024 ~ 1.21 ng/mL,检出限（IC10,LOD）为0.008 ng/mL。与他达那非等功能类似物无显著交叉;西地那非样品的加标回收率为82.0%～114%,相对标准偏差均小于15%。盲样检测结果与HPLC－MS/MS确证方法具有良好一致性,说明该方法准确可靠,适用于样品中西地那非的快速筛查。     

吡虫啉单克隆抗体的制备及其间接竞争化学发光酶联免疫分析方法的建立

以吡虫啉原药和3-巯基丙酸为原料,合成了吡虫啉半抗原,通过活泼酯法将其与载体蛋白钥孔血蓝蛋白（KLH）、牛血清白蛋白（BSA）偶联制备得到完全抗原,经免疫Balb/c雌性小鼠并与骨髓瘤细胞融合获得吡虫啉单克隆抗体,建立了用于吡虫啉检测的间接竞争化学发光酶联免疫分析方法（ic-CLEIA）。优化了方法的包被原稀释倍数、抗体稀释倍数、缓冲液种类、缓冲液的pH值、一抗竞争反应时间、酶标二抗稀释倍数等条件,最适条件为：包被原质量浓度62.50 ng/mL（稀释16 000倍）,抗体质量浓度103.12 ng/mL（稀释64 000倍）,缓冲液PBS（pH 7.4）,抗原与抗体竞争反应时间30 min,酶标二抗稀释倍数1∶7 000。结果表明,在最适条件下该方法的检出限（IC10）为0.03 ng/mL,IC50为0.57 ng/mL,线性检测范围（IC20 ~ IC80）为0.083 ~ 3.99 ng/mL。与氯噻啉的交叉反应率为2.2%,与噻虫胺、呋虫胺、啶虫脒、噻虫啉、噻虫嗪5种吡虫啉结构类似物无明显交叉反应。对黄瓜和苹果样品的加标回收率为82.0% ~ 112%,相对标准偏差小于15%。实际样品检测结果与HPLC仪器方法相关性良好（r2 = 0.989）。结果表明,所建立的ic-CLEIA方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高的特点,可用于食品中吡虫啉残留的快速检测。     

高效液相色谱法快速检测猪组织中泰妙菌素残留

应用高效液相色谱法测定猪组织中泰妙菌素残留.试样经磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 8.0)-乙酸乙酯混合提取,离心后加0.1%酒石酸,40 ℃旋转蒸发,除尽有机相,加正已烷除脂,HLB柱净化后,氮气吹干,0.0125%甲酸溶解后HPLC检测.流动相为乙腈-0.0125%甲酸(42∶ 58,V/V).紫外检测波长为210 nm.对猪肉(猪肝)进行15(25)～500 μg/kg的药物添加回收实验,结果表明,泰妙菌素的平均回收率为80.1%～92.7%; 日内相对标准偏差为2.0%～10.2%;日间相对标准偏差为5.9%～13.9%.按信噪比S/N=3计算,猪肉和猪肝中泰妙菌素的检出限(LOD)分别为4.5和7.5 μg/kg.     

伏马菌素B1单克隆抗体制备及化学发光免疫检测方法的建立

制备了高亲和力的伏马菌素B₁（FB₁）单克隆抗体,进而建立了谷物中FB₁的直接竞争化学发光酶联免疫检测方法（dc-CLEIA）。采用碳化二亚胺法成功合成了FB₁人工抗原,经杂交瘤技术获得分泌FB₁特异性抗体的细胞株,高碘酸钠法酶标单克隆抗体后,建立了FB₁的dc-CLEIA,本方法的IC₅₀值为1.43μg/L,线性范围为0.32～8.40μg/L,检出限为0.13μg/L,竞争反应时间仅需20 min。玉米样品加标回收率为100.2%～115.4%,相对标准偏差小于8.7%,谷物样品的检测结果与高效液相色谱法及商业化ELISA试剂盒检测结果相符。     

酱油与白酒中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的化学发光酶免疫分析方法研究

本研究以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯( DMP)为研究目标,以4-氨基邻苯二甲酸二甲酯为半抗原,通过重氮化法偶联载体蛋白并免疫动物,制备针对DMP的特异性兔多克隆抗体。通过棋盘滴定法和单因素实验确定最佳的实验参数,即包被原浓度为50μg/L,一抗浓度为92.5μg/L,二抗浓度为1μg/mL,药物稀释液为pH 6.0的纯水,竞争反应时间为40 min,基于此建立了间接竞争化学发光酶联免疫分析法检测DMP。本方法对DMP的检出限为0.29μg/L,线性检测范围为0.74~30.32μg/L,与13种结构和功能类似物的交叉反应率均<5%,通过倍比稀释降低白酒、酱油样品基质干扰,对样品的平均回收率在80.2%~116.0%之间,平均相对标准偏差<3.6%,结果与GC-MS法的测定结果相符。本方法适用于食品样品中DMP的快速检测。     

农产品中三唑磷农药残留化学发光酶免疫分析方法研究

运用棋盘法确定直接竞争CLEIA法抗体和酶标半抗原的最适工作浓度,以4-(咪唑-1-基)苯酚(4-IMP)作为增强剂,运用L25(56)正交设计实验优化增敏液配方,建立了农产品中三唑磷农药残留的化学发光酶免疫分析方法。优化的最适工作条件:抗体包被浓度为2.0μg/mL,酶标半抗原浓度为0.006μg/mL;增敏液最佳配方为:6.4%DMF,0.01 mmol/L pH 9.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液,0.6 mmol/L鲁米诺,2 mmol/L H2O2,1 mmol/L 4-IMP。优化后方法灵敏度为0.489 ng/mL,线性范围为0.16~20.00 ng/mL,相关系数为0.996 4。该方法能实现对苹果、节瓜、大米、柑橘、荔枝及甘蓝等样品中三唑磷残留的快速、灵敏检测,加标回收率为82.8%~118.4%,与GC-MS法的相关性(r2)为0.957。结果表明,该方法可用于农产品中三唑磷农药的快速筛查。     

化学发光酶免疫方法检测克伦特罗残留

建立了间接竞争化学发光酶免疫法(competitive indirect chemilumine scent enzyme immunoassy,ic-CLEIA)检测猪尿中残留克伦特罗(clenbuterol,CLB)的方法,并优化了竞争反应时间,Tween-20含量,PBS离子强度与pH4个参数。优化后的ic-CLEIA检出限可达0．01μg/L,检测范围为0．04～25．8μg/L,ED50为0．54μg/L;尿样检测的平均回收率为98％～120％,批内与批间相对标准偏差(variation of coefficent,CV)均小于10％。这些参数均优于目前广泛使用的ELISA方法,说明本CLEIA方法可替代ELISA法,用于实际尿样的检测。     

化学发光酶免疫分析研究进展

叙述了化学发光免疫分析的分类及特点,从发光底物、增强剂、过氧化物酶、过氧化物及其他方面,对鲁米诺类化合物化学发光酶免疫分析的进展进行了综述,引用文献34篇。     

间接竞争酶联免疫分析方法检测青霉素G

本研究介绍了青霉素G残留的危害,并建立了间接竞争酶联免疫分析方法(Enzyme-linked Immunosor-bent Assay,ELISA)检测牛奶类样品中青霉素G的残留量.首先制备出青霉素G的单克隆抗体,在最优实验条件下,青霉素G浓度范围在1～1000 ng·mL-1内,所建立方法的灵敏度(IC50)为17....     

蜂蜜中泰妙菌素残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定蜂蜜中泰妙菌素残留量的分析方法。样品用甲醇-偏磷酸水溶液提取,OasisMCX SPE小柱净化,经C18色谱柱分离,以电喷雾离子源在正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定,外标法定量。泰妙菌素的方法检出限为0.04μg/kg,定量下限为0.1μg/kg,在0.5～50μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r为0.999 8。在0.1～5.0μg/kg加标水平内泰妙菌素的回收率为80%～94%,RSD为4.5%～8.1%。该方法实用、准确、灵敏,适用于蜂蜜中泰妙菌素残留量的测定。     

Development of an Ultra-sensitive Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for the Determination of Diethylstilbestrol in Seafood

An ultra-sensitive indirect competitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay was developed for screening diethylstilbestrol in fish and shrimp samples. The concentration of diethylstilbestrol that caused 50% inhibition of the binding enzyme marker (IC₅₀) was 0.32 ng/mL and the limit of detection was 0.0068 ng/mL; the linear range was from 0.028 ng/mL to 3.60 ng/mL. The assay showed cross-reactivity of 7.1% and 2.8% with dienestrol and hexoestrol, respectively, but negligible cross-reactivity with estradiol, estrone, ethinyloestradiol, and progestin. The recovery from spiked fish and shrimp samples varied from 68.5% to 92.5%, and the mean coefficients of variation within groups and between groups were 6.2% and 8.0%, respectively. Our results indicated that the assay is a simple, sensitive, specific, and accurate method for screening fish and shrimp samples for diethylstilbestrol.     

化学发光酶免疫分析法检测水产品中残留的麻醉剂丁香酚

将丁香酚(Eul)与4-溴丁酸叔丁酯进行衍生化反应,合成了半抗原4-(4-烯丙基-2-甲氧基-苯氧基)-丁酸(Eul-4-Tbl).通过偶联载体蛋白并免疫动物后获取丁香酚多克隆抗体,建立了丁香酚的间接竞争化学发光酶免疫分析方法(ic-CLEIA).水产样品经乙腈提取,Oasis PRiME HLB固相萃取小柱净化后用于...     

Micro-Plate Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for Determination of Zeranol in Bovine Milk and Urine

Zeranol (α-Zearalanol, α-ZAL), well-known as an anabolic promoter, was officially banned in Europe due to its potential carcinogenic and endocrine-disrupting biological activities. In this study, a method for the determination of zeranol residues in bovine milk and urine was developed based on micro-plate chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). The limit of detection (LOD) was 50 ng/L, and the linear range was between 100 ng/L and 4510 ng/L, with a correlation coefficient (R²)0.9982. The recoveries of zeranol in bovine milk and urine were between 84.7% and 123.6%. This study showed that CLEIA was a reliable, convenient, and sensitive method for screening zeranol residues in bovine milk and urine.     

微板式化学发光酶免疫分析法临床测定人血清中孕酮

将抗兔IgG(即二抗)物理吸附于聚苯乙烯微孔板上作为通用固相,通过免疫反应制备固相抗体。采用辣根过氧化物酶催化鲁米诺-过氧化氢化学发光体系,建立了一种高通量、简便、快速的化学发光酶免疫分析方法用于临床测定人血清中的孕酮。对各种影响因素如免疫试剂的稀释度、发光底物选择、发光反应时间及温育条件等进行了考察和优化,最终选定的实验条件:孕酮抗体和HRP标记物的最佳稀释度分别为1∶100000和1∶15000;选用Ⅱ号发光底物,发光反应10min后测定;37℃水浴条件下温育1h。对建立的方法进行了评价。该方法的灵敏度为0.08μg/L;批内和批间相对标准偏差均在15%之内;低、中、高3个不同浓度值样品的平均回收率分别为101%、101%和94.4%(在87.8%～108%之间)。使用本方法和经典的放射免疫法同时对36份人血清样品进行测定,结果显示,本方法与放射免疫分析方法相关性良好,其相关系数为0.9502。     

化学发光酶免疫分析测定鱼肉中呋喃它酮代谢物方法研究

建立了呋喃它酮代谢物5-吗啉甲基-3-氨基-2-6唑烷基酮(AMOZ)间接竞争化学发光酶免疫分析(icCLEIA)检测方法,通过单因素实验优化了包被原浓度、抗体稀释倍数、反应缓冲体系及浓度、竞争反应时间等参数,结果表明icCLEIA最佳反应条件为:包被抗原浓度为10 ng/mL,抗体稀释60000倍,最佳竞争时间为50 min,体系缓冲液0.01 mol/L PBS(pH 7.4).在优化的条件下,本方法的线性检测范围为0.026 ～3.52 μg/L,IC50为0.29 μg/L,检出限(LOD,IC10)为0.012 μg/L.对鱼肉样品的平均添加回收率在101.4％～115.5％之间.建立的icCLEIA方法可用于实际样品中AMOZ残留检测.     

Development of Enzyme Immunoassays for the Detection of Pyrethroid Insecticides

Abstract

Three monoclonal antibodies (mab) for the determination of the pyrethroid insecticide allethrin were generated using a trans-permethric acid-bovine serum albumin conjugate as immunogen. Spleen cells of immunized BALB/c mice were fused with myeloma cells applying polyethylene glycol. Hybridoma cells were selected by HAT selection and screened for cell lines producing mab. Three stable cell lines could be isolated for further characterization and development of an indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay. The mab 3/B4-1/F8 showed a preference for S-bioallethrin, the most efficient insecticidal isomer of allethrin. The detection range lay between 1 μg/L and 250 μg/L; 50 % inhibition occurred at 46 μg/L. Cross-reactivities were 43 % for the natural pyrethrins. The mab 1/E2-5/B5 and 1/A5-7/C10 preferred bioallethrin, which is a mixture of two allethrin enantiomers. 50 % inhibition was found at 60 μg/L or 54 μg/L, respectively. The tests ranged from 9 μg/L to 170 μg/L (1/E2-5/B5) and from 6 μg/L to 160 μg/L (1/A5-7/C10). Cross-reactivities occurred for phenothrin, resmethrin and bioresmethrin.     

Determination of Salbutamol,Clenbuterol, and Brombuterol in Urine by a Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay

A salbutamol-bovine serum albumin and a salbutamol-ovalbumin coating antigen were synthesized, and six New Zealand white rabbits were treated with the immunogen to obtain polyclonal antibodies to develop a rapid, sensitive, and indirect chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (ciCLEIA) for the analysis of swine and bovine urine. The prepared antibodies showed high cross-reactivities with clenbuterol (139.6%) and brombuterol (225%). Under the optimized conditions, the linear dynamic range and the limit of detection (LOD) for salbutamol were from 0.007 to 0.17 µg L^?1 and 0.003 µg L^?1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9965 and a half maximum inhibition concentration of 0.028 µg L^?1. Recoveries for salbutamol, clenbuterol, and brombuterol were from 78.8% to 119.0% with intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation less than 13.9% and 19.7%, respectively. The reported ciCLEIA was about 10-fold more sensitive for salbutamol and 20-fold more sensitive for clenbuterol compared to conventional methods. This study showed that ciCLEIA was a reliable, convenient, and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of salbutamol, clenbuterol, and brombuterol in swine and bovine urine.     

Flow Injection Chemiluminescence for the Determination of Estriol via a Noncompetitive Enzyme Immunoassay

A novel approach to the detection of estriol using a flow injection system coupled to enhanced chemiluminescent immunoassay was developed based on noncompetitive immunoassay formats. A conjugated estriol-ovalbumin immobilized immunoaffinity column was inserted into the flow system to trap the unbound horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibody after an off-line incubation of estriol and HRP-labeled anti-estriol antibody. The trapped enzyme conjugate was detected by the injection of chemiluminescent substrates to produce enhanced chemiluminescence. The linear range for the determination of estriol is 10.0 to 400 ng · mL⁻¹ with a correlation coefficient of 0.996 and a detection limit of 5.0 ng · mL⁻¹. The total time for sampling and chemiluminescent detection of one sample is 400 seconds after 30 min of pre-incubation. The results for pregnancy serum samples obtained by this method are in good agreement with those obtained using ELISA.     

微板式化学发光酶免疫分析法测定人血清中癌胚抗原

采用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)催化鲁米诺(luminol)-H2O2化学发光体系,建立了一种测定人血清中癌胚抗原(CEA)的高灵敏度、高特异性、简便快速的微板式化学发光酶免疫分析方法。对免疫反应条件、酶结合物稀释度、发光反应时间、封闭液等进行了考察和优化。采用双抗体夹心法,室温静置1h,洗涤后加入100μL发光底物液,10min后检测。该方法的线性相关系数为0.9998;最低检出限为0.57μg/L;批内和批间变异均在10%之内;低、中、高3个不同浓度值样品的平均回收率分别为107.4%、93.3%和104.5%。使用本方法与进口发光试剂盒对40份人血清样品进行测定,结果表明,本方法显示了良好的相关性,其相关系数为0.9115。表明本分析体系稳定可靠,可用于商品化诊断试剂盒的开发和应用。