Absolute negative resistance in a nonequilibrium two-dimensional electron system in a strong magnetic field

The effect of microwave electromagnetic radiation on the resistance of the 2D electron gas in a GaAs/AlAs heterostructure in a strong magnetic field is investigated. It is shown that, under the nonequilibrium conditions caused by microwave radiation, the aforementioned 2D system exhibits giant oscillations of its resistance with varying magnetic field. When the measuring current density is small, an increase in the microwave power leads to the appearance of an absolute negative resistance at the main minimum of these oscillations, which lies near the cyclotron resonance. The experimental data are found to be in qualitative agreement with the theory of multiphoton photoinduced impurity scattering [J. Inarrea and G. Platero, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 052109 (2006)]. Original Russian Text ? A.A. Bykov, D.R. Islamov, D.V. Nomokonov, A.K. Bakarov, 2007, published in Pis’ma v Zhurnal éksperimental’noĭ i Teoreticheskoĭ Fiziki, 2007, Vol. 86, No. 9, pp. 695–698.     

Giant magnetoresistance oscillations induced by microwave radiation and a zero-resistance state in a 2D electron system with a moderate mobility

The effect of a microwave field in the frequency range from 54 to 140 GHz on the magnetotransport in a GaAs quantum well with AlAs/GaAs superlattice barriers and with an electron mobility no higher than 10⁶ cm²/V s is investigated. In the given two-dimensional system under the effect of microwave radiation, giant resistance oscillations are observed with their positions in the magnetic field being determined by the ratio of the radiation frequency to the cyclotron frequency. Earlier, such oscillations had only been observed in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures with much higher mobilities. When the samples under study are irradiated with a 140-GHz microwave field, the resistance corresponding to the main oscillation minimum, which occurs near the cyclotron resonance, appears to be close to zero. The results of the study suggest that a mobility value lower than 10⁶ cm²/V s does not prevent the formation of zero-resistance states in a magnetic field in a two-dimensional system under the effect of microwave radiation.     

Oscillations of the magnetoresistance of a two-dimensional electron gas in a GaAs quantum well with AlAs/GaAs superlattice barriers in a microwave field

The effect of microwave radiation in the frequency range from 1.2 to 10 GHz on the magnetoresistance of a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas has been studied in a GaAs quantum well with AlAs/GaAs superlattice barriers. It has been found that the microwave field induces oscillations of this magnetoresistance, which are periodic in the reciprocal magnetic field (1/B). It has been shown that the period of these oscillations in the frequency range under study depends on the microwave radiation power.     

Magnetoresistance oscillations due to Zener tunneling and microwave radiation in a 2D electron gas in GaAs quantum well with AlAs/GaAs superlattices barriers

The effect of microwave radiation in the frequency range from 1.2 to 10 GHz on the magnetoresistance of a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas has been studied in a GaAs quantum well with AlAs/GaAs superlattice barriers. It has been found that the microwave field induces magnetoresistance oscillations periodic in the reciprocal magnetic field (1/B). It has been shown that the period of these oscillations in the covered frequency range depends on the microwave radiation power.     

Quantum waves in noble metals

A theoretical study is presented of the effect of hole energy quantization in a dc magnetic field on microwave penetration through a noble-metal plate. It is shown that quantization results in strong oscillations of cyclotron absorption. Between the absorption peaks, the damping decreases sufficiently to enable propagation of unique quantum waves. Excitation of such waves in a metallic plate gives rise to sharp oscillations of its surface resistance with magnetic field. The shape of these oscillations is also very unusual. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 41, 1354–1360 (August 1999)     

Microwave photoresistance in a two-dimensional electron system with anisotropic mobility

The effect of microwave radiation on magnetotransport in single GaAs quantum wells with anisotropic mobility, whose maximum corresponds to the $[1\bar 10]$ direction and minimum to the [110] direction, is investigated using the Van der Pauw method. In samples shaped as squares with sides oriented along the $[1\bar 10]$ and [110] directions, giant oscillations of magnetoresistance arise under the effect of a microwave field for the both $[1\bar 10]$ and [110] orientations of the measuring current I _ac. In the anisotropic two-dimensional system under study, the relative amplitude of microwave photoresistance oscillations in a magnetic field weakly depends on the orientation of I _ac. At a temperature of 4.2 K and a microwave frequency of 130 GHz, magnetic field intervals characterized by close-to-zero resistance manifest themselves only for the case of the [110] orientation of I _ac. The aforementioned experimental results are qualitatively explained by a quasi-one-dimensional potential modulation of the two-dimensional electron gas in the [110] direction.     

Anomalous polarization characteristics of magnetic resonance in a quasi-one-dimensional CuGeO<Subscript>3</Subscript>: Co magnet

Doping of CuGeO₃ by 2% Co was found to cause a new magnetic resonance, which has anomalous polarization characteristics. In the Faraday geometry, where a microwave field B _ω is directed along certain crystallographic directions, this mode is suppressed, which indicates that the character of magnetic oscillations in this mode differs strongly from standard spin precession. This resonance coexists with the EPR on Cu²⁺ chains and is likely to be caused by an unknown collective mode of magnetic oscillations of an antiferromagnetic quantum S = 1/2 spin chain.     

Population inversion and novel magnetoconductivity oscillations induced by resonant microwave irradiation in multisubband two-dimensional electron systems

The possibility of a population inversion in a multisubband two-dimensional (2D) electron system exposed to resonant microwave (MW) radiation and a static magnetic field is shown. Theoretical analysis given here indicates that the resonant excitation of the third subband, necessary for the population inversion, is accompanied by novel magnetoconductivity oscillations in the 2D electron system formed on the surface of liquid helium.     

New type of B-periodic magneto-oscillations in a two-dimensional electron system induced by microwave irradiation

We observe a new type of magneto-oscillations in the photovoltage and the longitudinal resistance of a two-dimensional electron system. The oscillations are induced by microwave radiation and are periodic in magnetic field. The period is determined by the microwave frequency, the electron density, and the distance between potential probes. The phenomenon is accounted for by interference of coherently excited edge magnetoplasmons in the contact regions and offers perspectives for developing new tunable microwave and terahertz detection schemes and spectroscopic techniques.     

Influence of external nonuniform magnetic field on the spectral characteristics of a virtual cathode oscillator’s output radiation

The influence of an external non-uniform magnetic field created using a periodic magnetic focusing system on the spectral characteristics of a virtual cathode oscillator’s output radiation is investigated by means of numerical simulation. It is shown that raising the magnetization intensity of a single magnetic ring or the number of magnetic rings leads to an increase in the output microwave radiation power spectrum’s irregularity. As consequence, the output microwave signal exhibits wide-band oscillations with a bandwidth close to one octave.     

Measurement of the mean free path of edge magnetoplasmons revealed in the spectra of magnetic oscillations of photovoltage in a two-dimensional electron system under microwave radiation

In the spectrum of photovoltage oscillations that are periodic with respect to the magnetic field and appear on Hall structures under microwave irradiation, two frequency components of oscillations are observed and analyzed. The appearance of these two frequencies in photovoltage oscillations is explained by the existence of two trajectories of edge magnetoplasmons and by the effects of the interference of collective excitations on these trajectories. The effects of the temperature, microwave radiation frequency, and magnetic field strength on the mean free path of edge magnetoplasmons are analyzed.     

Microwave photoresistance in a two-dimensional electron system with anisotropic mobility

The effect of microwave radiation on magnetotransport in single GaAs quantum wells with anisotropic mobility, whose maximum corresponds to the direction and minimum to the [110] direction, is investigated using the Van der Pauw method. In samples shaped as squares with sides oriented along the and [110] directions, giant oscillations of magnetoresistance arise under the effect of a microwave field for the both and [110] orientations of the measuring current I _ac. In the anisotropic two-dimensional system under study, the relative amplitude of microwave photoresistance oscillations in a magnetic field weakly depends on the orientation of I _ac. At a temperature of 4.2 K and a microwave frequency of 130 GHz, magnetic field intervals characterized by close-to-zero resistance manifest themselves only for the case of the [110] orientation of I _ac. The aforementioned experimental results are qualitatively explained by a quasi-one-dimensional potential modulation of the two-dimensional electron gas in the [110] direction. Original Russian Text ? A.A. Bykov, D.R. Islamov, A.V. Goran, A.K. Bakarov, 2007, published in Pis’ma v Zhurnal éksperimental’noĭ i Teoreticheskoĭ Fiziki, 2007, Vol. 86, No. 12, pp. 891–895.     

Terahertz photoresponse of quantum wires in magnetic fields

We have investigated the terahertz photoresponse of quantum wires in high magnetic fields, employing intense far-infrared (FIR) radiation from the UCSB Free-Electron Lasers. Both GaAs-based and InAs-based quantum wires, with widths ranging from 50 nm to 1 μm, were studied. At high FIR power we observed Shubnikov–de Haas type oscillations in photoresponse versus magnetic field,B, resulting from non-resonant electronic heating the oscillations were much more pronounced than those in resistance versusB. At low FIR power we observed resonant peaks due to magnetoplasmon excitations, whose strength shows strong polarization-dependence and whose energy extrapolates to a finite value at zeroB. These results provide a powerful tool for characterizing 1D electronic states in quantum wires.     

Microwave-induced giant oscillations of the magnetoconductivity in 2D electronic corbino disks with capacitance contacts

Using Corbino disks with capacitance contacts, the microwave photoconductivity of the 2D electron gas in selectively doped GaAs/AlAs heterostructures has been studied at 4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 0.6 T. The giant oscillations of the magnetoconductivity have been revealed in the samples exposed to microwave radiation at high filling factors similar to those earlier discovered in the 2D Corbino disks with ohmic contacts. The results demonstrate that the presence of ohmic contacts is of no importance for the observation of the microwave-induced giant oscillations of the magnetoconductivity in the 2D electron system.     

Observation of latent coherent effects in randomized systems

Coherent interference effects of the following three types are experimentally discovered in disordered (randomized) systems: (i) Josephson behavior of the HTSC polycrystal BaKBiO in the phase-separated state; (ii) oscillations of bismuth film resistance, which are periodic in “direct” magnetic field; and (iii) mesoscopic oscillations of the resistance in the course of film growth. In the first case, the method for detecting the “latent” nonstationary Josephson effect is substantiated by the frequency modulation method for microwave radiation, while in the other two cases, simple models are proposed to explain the nature of coherent oscillations of the resistance. The analogy between the observed oscillations and the Josephson effect in randomized systems is discussed.     

Microwave photoresistance of a double quantum well at high filling factors

The effect of millimeter wave radiation on the electronic transport in a GaAs double quantum well at a temperature of 4.2 K in a magnetic field of up to 2 T has been studied. Resistance (conductance) oscillations have been shown to appear in the two-dimensional electronic system under investigation at high filling factors. The magnetic field positions of the oscillation maxima are determined by the condition Δ_SAS/? = lω_c, where Δ_SAS = (E ₂ ? E ₁) is the size quantization sublevel splitting in the quantum well, ω_c is the cyclotron frequency, and l is a positive integer. It has been found that the microwave field substantially modifies the oscillations in the double quantum well, which results in alternating two-frequency oscillations of photoresistance with the inverse magnetic field.     

The effect of bound states in microwave waveguides on electromagnetic wave propagation

The transmission of a TE microwave field with a frequency ω through Λ, T, and X waveguide junctions filled with a ferromagnetic is considered. These junctions are known to have bound states with below-cutoff frequencies. A probing microwave radiation with a frequency Ω applied to the scattering region generates magnetic oscillations with frequencies ω+nΩ (where n=0, ±1, ±2, ...), which resonantly combine with the bound waveguide states. This effect provides for a new method of studying bound waveguide states and efficiently controlling the transmission of microwave radiation.     

Quantum states and Fermi surfaces in metals with an fcc lattice in an ultrastrong magnetic field

The expression for the electron wave function for a 3D crystal in a constant magnetic field is obtained in the strong coupling approximation. A 3D Harper-type equation describing the electron spectrum in magnetic 3D subbands is derived. The Fermi surfaces for monovalent noble metals are constructed for various orientations and magnitudes of magnetic fields corresponding to a rational number p/q of the magnetic flux quanta; radical changes in the topology of the Fermi surfaces in a strong magnetic field are observed. As a result, considerable changes in the physical properties of crystals in a strong magnetic field can be expected. In particular, a metal-semiconductor transition occurs for all even values of q, while metallic properties are preserved for odd values of q. The total energy of electrons as a function of the magnetic field is also calculated and shows a minimum for p/q=1/2. The type of thermodynamic oscillations in an ultrastrong magnetic field is discussed. The effects considered by the authors may be observed in fields with a strength of several tens of megagausses.     

Numerical study of chaotic oscillations in the electron beam with virtual cathode in the external non-uniform magnetic fields

In this Letter the results of theoretical investigations of the chaotic microwave oscillator based on the electron beam with a virtual cathode are presented. Nonlinear non-stationary processes in these electron systems are studied by means of numerical analysis of 2.5D model. It was discovered that the non-uniform external magnetic field value controls the dynamical regime of oscillations in the virtual cathode oscillator. The processes of the chaotization of output microwave radiation are described and interpreted from the point of view of the formation and interaction of electron structures (bunches) in the electron beams. The numerical results have shown that the investigated electron system with virtual cathode could be considered as a promising controlled source of wideband chaotic oscillations in the microwave range.     

Experimental determination of the mean free path of screened edge magnetoplasmons in a two-dimensional electron gas

Magnetic oscillations of the photovoltage in a two-dimensional electron system with the back gate, exposed to microwave radiation, are studied. The oscillations result from the interference of screened edge magnetoplasmons (EMPs). The mean free path of the EMPs is quantitatively determined by analyzing the dependence of the oscillation amplitude on the electron density. The dependences of the mean free path of the EMPs on the two-dimensional electron density, microwave frequency, electron relaxation time, and the magnetic field are studied. It is found that the dependences agree qualitatively with the known theoretical calculations.