The geometric complex for algebraic curves with cone-like singularities and admissible Morse functions

In a previous Note the author gave a generalisation of Witten's proof of the Morse inequalities to the model of a singular complex algebraic curve X and a stratified Morse function f. In this Note a geometric interpretation of the complex of eigenforms of the Witten Laplacian corresponding to small eigenvalues is provided in terms of an appropriate subcomplex of the complex of unstable cells of critical points of f. To cite this article: U. Ludwig, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 347 (2009).     

The approximation property for spaces of holomorphic functions on infinite dimensional spaces II

Let H(U) denote the vector space of all complex-valued holomorphic functions on an open subset U of a Banach space E. Let τω and τδ respectively denote the compact-ported topology and the bornological topology on H(U). We show that if E is a Banach space with a shrinking Schauder basis, and with the property that every continuous polynomial on E is weakly continuous on bounded sets, then (H(U),τω) and (H(U),τδ) have the approximation property for every open subset U of E. The classical space c₀, the original Tsirelson space T^∗ and the Tsirelson^∗-James space are examples of Banach spaces which satisfy the hypotheses of our main result. Our results are actually valid for Riemann domains.     

Adjacency indices for singularities of wave fronts in low dimensional spaces

Formulas for calculating the adjacency indices of multisingularities for generic Legendre mappings to spaces of dimension at most 6 are given.     

Connected components of spaces of Morse functions with fixed critical points

Let M be a smooth closed orientable surface and F = F _p,q,r be the space of Morse functions on M having exactly p points of local minimum, q ≥ 1 saddle critical points, and r points of local maximum, moreover, all the points are fixed. Let F _f be a connected component of a function f ∈ F in F.We construct a surjection π ₀(F) → ℤ ^p+r−1 by means of the winding number introduced by Reinhart (1960). In particular, |π₀(F)| = ∞, and the component F _f is not preserved under the Dehn twist about the boundary of any disk containing exactly two critical points, exactly one of which is a saddle point. Let D be the group of orientation preserving diffeomorphisms of M leaving fixed the critical points, D ⁰ be the connected component of id _M in D, and D _f ⊂ D be the set of diffeomorphisms preserving F _f . Let H _f be the subgroup of D _f generated by D ⁰ and all diffeomorphisms h ∈ D preserving some function f ₁ ∈ F _f , and let H _f ^abs be its subgroup generated by D ⁰ and the Dehn twists about the components of level curves of the functions f ₁ ∈ F _f . We prove thatH _f ^abs ⊊ D _f for q ≥ 2 and construct an epimorphism D _f /H _f ^abs → ℤ₂ ^q−1 by means of the winding number. A finite polyhedral complex K = K _p,q,r associated with the space F is defined. An epimorphism μ: π ₁(K) → D _f /H _f and finite generating sets for the groups D _f /D ⁰ and D _f /H _f in terms of the 2-skeleton of the complex K are constructed.     

Concurrent normals to convex bodies and spaces of Morse functions

It is conjectured that if \({K\subset\mathbb R^n}\) is a convex body, then there exists a point in the interior of K which is the point of concurrency of normals from 2n points on the boundary of K. We present a topological proof of this conjecture in dimension four assuming \({\partial K}\) is C ^1,1. From the assumption that the conjecture fails for \({K\subset\mathbb R^4}\), we construct a retraction from \({\overline K}\) to \({\partial K}\). We apply the same strategy to the problem for lower n, assuming no regularity on \({\partial K}\), and show that it provides very simple proofs for the cases of two and three dimensions (the dimension three case was first proved by Erhard Heil). A connection between our approach to this problem and the homotopy type of some function spaces is also explored, and some conjectures along those lines are proposed.     

Removable singularities for analytic functions in BMO and locally Lipschitz spaces

In this paper we study removable singularities for holomorphic functions such that sup_z|f⁽ⁿ⁾(z)|dist(z,)^s<. Spaces of this type include spaces of holomorphic functions in Campanato classes, BMO and locally Lipschitz classes. Dolzhenko (1963), Král (1976) and Nguyen (1979) characterized removable singularities for some of these spaces. However, they used a different removability concept than in this paper. They assumed the functions to belong to the function space on and be holomorphic on \ E, whereas we only assume that the functions belong to the function space on \ E, and are holomorphic there. Koskela (1993) obtained some results for our type of removability, in particular he showed the usefulness of the Minkowski dimension. Kaufman (1982) obtained some results for s=0.In this paper we obtain a number of examples with certain important properties. Similar examples have earlier been obtained for Hardy H^p classes and weighted Bergman spaces, mainly by the author. Because of the similarities in these three cases, an axiomatic approach is used to obtain some results that hold in all three cases with the same proofs. Supported by the Swedish Research Council and Gustaf Sigurd Magnusons fund of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000):30B40, 30D45, 30D55, 46E15.     

The Euler-Maclaurin formula for functions with singularities

Asymptotic formulas of the Euler-Maclaurin type are proved for the sum $$\frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{n - 1} {\Phi \left( {\tfrac{k}{n}} \right) as n \to \infty .} $$ Here Φ(χ) is a sufficiently smooth function on the interval (0,1) and has singularities at the end points χ=0 and χ=1.     

Topology of the spaces of functions with prescribed singularities on surfaces

The space of smooth functions with prescribed local singularities of the A_μ-types on a smooth two-dimensional surface is studied. We describe the homotopy type of this functional space, endowed with the C^∞-topology, and its decomposition into orbits of the action of the group of “left-right changings of coordinates.”     

The Stable Farkas Lemma for composite convex functions in infinite dimensional spaces

In this paper, we consider a general composite convex optimization problem with a cone-convex system in locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces. Some Fenchel conjugate transforms for the composite convex functions are derived to obtain the equivalent condition of the Stable Farkas Lemma, which is formulated by using the epigraph of the conjugates for the convex functions involved and turns out to be weaker than the classic Slater condition. Moreover, we get some necessary and sufficient conditions for stable duality results of the composite convex functions and present an example to illustrate that the monotonic increasing property of the outer convex function in the objective function is essential. Our main results in this paper develop some recently results.     

Muckenhoupt weights with singularities on closed lower dimensional sets in spaces of homogeneous type

We give sufficient conditions on a real number β and on a closed set F   in a general space of homogeneous type (X,d,μ)$(X,d,\mu )$ in such a way that μ(B(x,d(x,F)))^β$\mu {(B(x,d(x,F)))}^{\beta }$ becomes a Muckenhoupt weight. In order to prove our result, we modify the underlying space so that it becomes 1-Ahlfors regular.     

The power of adaptive algorithms for functions with singularities

This is an overview of recent results on complexity and optimality of adaptive algorithms for integrating and approximating scalar piecewise r-smooth functions with unknown singular points. We provide adaptive algorithms that use at most n function samples and have the worst case errors proportional to n^−r for functions with at most one unknown singularity. This is a tremendous improvement over nonadaptive algorithms whose worst case errors are at best proportional to n⁻¹ for integration and n^−1/p for the L^p approximation problem. For functions with multiple singular points the adaptive algorithms cease to dominate the nonadaptive ones in the worst case setting. Fortunately, they regain their superiority in the asymptotic setting. Indeed, they yield convergence of order n^−r for piecewise r-smooth functions with an arbitrary (unknown but finite) number of singularities. None of these results hold for the L^∞ approximation. However, they hold for the Skorohodmetric, which we argue to be more appropriate than L^∞ for dealing with discontinuous functions. Numerical test results and possible extensions are also discussed.     

A criterion for Moishezon spaces with isolated singularities

We give a criterion for a compact complex space with isolated singularities to be Moishezon in the spirit of Siu–Demaillys solution to the Grauert–Riemenschneider conjecture. It refines a previous work by Nadel and Tsuji, and another one by Takayama, in a more specific situation.     

Uniform Morse lemma and isotopy criterion for Morse functions on surfaces

Let M be a smooth compact (orientable or not) surface with or without a boundary. Let $ \mathcal{D}_0 $ \mathcal{D}_0 ⊂ Diff(M) be the group of diffeomorphisms homotopic to id _M . Two smooth functions f, g: M → ℝ are called isotopic if f = h ₂ ℴ g ℴ h ₁ for some diffeomorphisms h ₁ ∈ $ \mathcal{D}_0 $ \mathcal{D}_0 and h ₂ ∈ Diff⁺(ℝ). Let F be the space of Morse functions on M which are constant on each boundary component and have no critical points on the boundary. A criterion for two Morse functions from F to be isotopic is proved. For each Morse function f ∈ F, a collection of Morse local coordinates in disjoint circular neighborhoods of its critical points is constructed, which continuously and Diff(M)-equivariantly depends on f in C ^∞-topology on F (“uniform Morse lemma”). Applications of these results to the problem of describing the homotopy type of the space F are formulated.     

On a multiplicity one property for the length spectra of even dimensional compact hyperbolic spaces

We prove a multiplicity one theorem for the length spectrum of compact even dimensional hyperbolic spaces, i.e., if all but finitely many closed geodesics for two compact even dimensional hyperbolic spaces have the same length, then all closed geodesics have the same length.     

The Levi problem for Riemann domains over Stein spaces with isolated singularities

We consider the following question: Let \({p:Y \rightarrow X}\) be an unbranched Riemann domain and assume that X is a Stein space and p is a Stein morphism. Does it follow that Y is Stein ? We show that the answer is affirmative if X has isolated singularities. This generalizes a result of Andreotti and Narasimhan.     

On existence of admissible and weakly admissible limits for functions of several complex variables

Kishinev. Translated fromSibirski Matematicheski Zhurnal, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 212–214, July–August, 1992.