On the stability of self-similar solutions of 1D cubic Schrödinger equations

In this paper we will study the stability properties of self-similar solutions of $1$ D cubic NLS equations with time-dependent coefficients of the form 0.1 $$\begin{aligned} \displaystyle { iu_t+u_{xx}+\frac{u}{2} \left(|u|^2-\frac{A}{t}\right)=0, \quad A\in \mathbb{R }. } \end{aligned}$$ The study of the stability of these self-similar solutions is related, through the Hasimoto transformation, to the stability of some singular vortex dynamics in the setting of the Localized Induction Equation (LIE), an equation modeling the self-induced motion of vortex filaments in ideal fluids and superfluids. We follow the approach used by Banica and Vega that is based on the so-called pseudo-conformal transformation, which reduces the problem to the construction of modified wave operators for solutions of the equation $$\begin{aligned} iv_t+ v_{xx} +\frac{v}{2t}(|v|^2-A)=0. \end{aligned}$$ As a by-product of our results we prove that Eq. (0.1) is well-posed in appropriate function spaces when the initial datum is given by $u(0,x)= z_0 \mathrm p.v \frac{1}{x}$ for some values of $z_0\in \mathbb{C }\setminus \{ 0\}$ , and $A$ is adequately chosen. This is in deep contrast with the case when the initial datum is the Dirac-delta distribution.     

Boundedness of solutions of second order nonlinear dynamic equations

This paper deals with the boundedness of the solutions of the following dynamic equations(r(t)x△(t))△+a(t)f(xσ(t))+b(t)g(xσ(t))=0and(r(t)x△(t))△+a(t)xσ(t)+b(t)f(x(t-τ(t)))=e(t)on a time scale T.By using the Bellman integral inequality,we establish some suffcient conditions for boundedness of solutions of the above equations.Our results not only unify the boundedness results for differential and difference equations but are also new for the q-difference equations.     

Decreasing Regularly Varying Solutions of Sublinearly Perturbed Superlinear Thomas–Fermi Equation

We consider the perturbed Thomas–Fermi equation $$\begin{array}{ll} x^{\prime \prime}\, =\, p(t)|x|^{\gamma-1}x\, +\, q(t)|x|^{\delta-1}x, \qquad \qquad \qquad (A) \end{array}$$ where δ and γ are positive constants with \({\delta < 1 < \gamma}\) and p(t) and q(t) are positive continuous functions on \({[a,\infty), a > 0}\) . Our aim here is to establish criteria for the existence of positive solutions of (A) decreasing to zero as \({t \to \infty}\) in the case where p(t) and q(t) are regularly varying functions (in the sense of Karamata). Generalization of the obtained results to equations of the form $$\begin{array}{ll} \left(r(t)x^{\prime}\right)^{\prime}\, =\, p(t)|x|^{\gamma-1}x \,+ \,q(t)|x|^{\delta-1}x, \qquad \qquad \qquad (B) \end{array}$$ is also given.     

On oscillatory and asymptotic behavior of fourth order nonlinear neutral delay dynamic equations with positive and negative coefficients

In this paper, oscillatory and asymptotic properties of solutions of nonlinear fourth order neutral dynamic equations of the form $(r(t)(y(t) + p(t)y(\alpha _1 (t)))^{\Delta ^2 } )^{\Delta ^2 } + q(t)G(y(\alpha _2 (t))) - h(t)H(y(\alpha _3 (t))) = 0(H)$ and $(r(t)(y(t) + p(t)y(\alpha _1 (t)))^{\Delta ^2 } )^{\Delta ^2 } + q(t)G(y(\alpha _2 (t))) - h(t)H(y(\alpha _3 (t))) = f(t),(NH)$ are studied on a time scale $\mathbb{T}$ under the assumption that $\int\limits_{t_0 }^\infty {\tfrac{t} {{r(t)}}\Delta t = \infty } $ and for various ranges of p(t). In addition, sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of bounded positive solutions of the equation (NH) by using Krasnosel’skii’s fixed point theorem.     

A Landesman-Lazer Type Theorem for Periodic Solutions of the Resonant Asymmetric ρ-Laplacian Equation

In this paper, we give a Landesman-Lazer type theorem for periodic solutions of the asymmetric 1-dimensional p-Laplacian equation -（｜x＇｜^p-2x＇）＇=λ｜x｜^p-2x＋＋μ｜x｜^p-2x-＋f（t,x）with periodic boundary value.     

H?lder estimates for parabolic p(x, t)-Laplacian systems

In this paper we establish the local H?lder continuity of the spatial gradient of weak solutions to the parabolic p(x, t)-Laplacian system $$\begin{array}{lll}\partial_{t}u - {\rm div} \left( a(x, t)|Du|^{p(x, t)-2}Du \right) = 0.\end{array}$$ More precisely, we prove that $$\begin{array}{lll}Du \in C_{\rm loc}^{0;\alpha,\alpha/2} \quad {\rm for\; some} \; \alpha \in (0, 1],\end{array}$$ provided p(·) and a(·) are H?lder-continuous.     

Existence of solutions for the critical elliptic system with inverse square potentials

Let Ω ? 0 be an open bounded domain in R ^N (N ≥ 3) and $2^* (s) = \tfrac{{2(N - s)}} {{N - 2}}$ , 0 < s < 2. We consider the following elliptic system of two equations in H ₀ ¹ (Ω) × H ₀ ¹ (Ω): $$- \Delta u - t\frac{u} {{\left| x \right|^2 }} = \frac{{2\alpha }} {{\alpha + \beta }}\frac{{\left| u \right|^{\alpha - 2} u\left| v \right|^\beta }} {{\left| x \right|^s }} + \lambda u, - \Delta v - t\frac{v} {{\left| x \right|^2 }} = \frac{{2\beta }} {{\alpha + \beta }}\frac{{\left| u \right|^\alpha \left| v \right|^{\beta - 2} v}} {{\left| x \right|^s }} + \mu v,$$ where λ, µ > 0 and α, β > 1 satisfy α + β = 2*(s). Using the Moser iteration, we prove the asymptotic behavior of solutions at the origin. In addition, by exploiting the Mountain-Pass theorem, we establish the existence of solutions.     

Nonexistence of Positive Solutions for an Integral Equation Related to the Hardy-Sobolev Inequality

Let α and s be real numbers satisfying 0<s<α<n. We are concerned with the integral equation $$u(x)=\int_{R^n}\frac{u^p(y)}{|x-y|^{n-\alpha}|y|^s}dy, $$ where \(\frac{n-s}{n-\alpha}< p< \alpha^{*}(s)-1\) with \(\alpha^{*}(s)=\frac{2(n-s)}{n-\alpha}\) . We prove the nonexistence of positive solutions for the equation and establish the equivalence between the above integral equation and the following partial differential equation $$\begin{aligned} (-\Delta)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}u(x)=|x|^{-s}u^p. \end{aligned}$$      

Approximate Weak Invariance and Relaxation for Fully Nonlinear Differential Inclusions

In this paper we prove that a given set K is approximately weakly invariant with respect to the fully nonlinear differential inclusion $${x^\prime (t) \in Ax (t) + F (x (t))}$$ , where A is an m-dissipative operator, and F is a given multi-function in a Banach space, if and only if the set ${F(\xi)}$ is A-quasi-tangent to the set K, for every ${{\xi \in K}}$ . As an application, we establish that the approximate solutions of the given differential inclusion approximate the solutions of the relaxed (convexified) nonlinear differential inclusion $${x^\prime (t) \in Ax (t) + \overline{co}F (x (t))}$$ , with no hypotheses of Lipschitz type for multi-function F.     

A remark on normal forms and the “upside-down” I-method for periodic NLS: Growth of higher Sobolev norms

We study growth of higher Sobolev norms of solutions of the onedimensional periodic nonlinear Schr?dinger equation (NLS). By a combination of the normal form reduction and the upside-down I-method, we establish $${\left\| {u(t)} \right\|_{{H^s}}} \le {(1 + \left| t \right|)^{a(s - 1) + }}$$ with ?? = 1 for a general power nonlinearity. In the quintic case, we obtain the above estimate with ?? = 1/2 via the space-time estimate due to Bourgain [4, 5]. In the cubic case, we compute concretely the terms arising in the first few steps of the normal form reduction and prove the above estimate with ?? = 4/9. These results improve the previously known results (except for the quintic case). In the Appendix, we also show how Bourgain??s idea in [4] on the normal form reduction for the quintic nonlinearity can be applied to other powers.     

Comparison and oscillatory behavior for certain second order nonlinear dynamic equations

We present some new necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of second order nonlinear dynamic equation $$\bigl(a\bigl(x^{\Delta }\bigr)^{\alpha }\bigr)^{\Delta }(t)+q(t)x^{\beta }(t)=0$$ on an arbitrary time scale $\mathbb{T}$ , where α and β are ratios of positive odd integers, a and q are positive rd-continuous functions on $\mathbb{T}$ . Comparison results with the inequality $$\bigl(a\bigl(x^{\Delta }\bigr)^{\alpha }\bigr)^{\Delta }(t)+q(t)x^{\beta }(t)\leqslant 0\quad (\geqslant 0)$$ are established and application to neutral equations of the form $$\bigl(a(t)\bigl(\bigl[x(t)+p(t)x[\tau (t)]\bigr]^{\Delta }\bigr)^{\alpha }\bigr)^{\Delta }+q(t)x^{\beta }\bigl[g(t)\bigr]=0$$ are investigated.     

The Wiener--Hopf Integral Equation in the Supercritical Case

We consider the scalar homogeneous equation $S(x) = \int_0^\infty {K(x - t)S(t)dt,{\text{ }}x \in \mathbb{R}^ + \equiv (0,\infty ),}$ with symmetric kernel $K:K( - x) = K(x),{\text{ }}x \in \mathbb{R}_1$ satisfying the conditions $0 \leqslant K \in L_1 (\mathbb{R}^ + ) \cap C^{\left( 2 \right)} (\mathbb{R}^ + )$ , $\int_0^\infty {K(t)dt > \frac{1}{2}} $ , $K' \leqslant 0{\text{ }}and 0 \leqslant K'' \downarrow {\text{ }}on \mathbb{R}^ + $ . We prove the existence of a real solution S of the equation given above with asymptotic behavior $S(x) = O(x){\text{ as }}x \to + \infty $ .     

Nonscattering solutions and blowup at infinity for the critical wave equation

We consider the critical focusing wave equation $(-\partial _t^2+\Delta )u+u^5=0$ in ${\mathbb{R }}^{1+3}$ and prove the existence of energy class solutions which are of the form $$\begin{aligned} u(t,x)=t^\frac{\mu }{2}W(t^\mu x)+\eta (t,x) \end{aligned}$$ in the forward lightcone $\{(t,x)\in {\mathbb{R }}\times {\mathbb{R }}^3: |x|\le t, t\gg 1\}$ where $W(x)=(1+\frac{1}{3} |x|^2)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ is the ground state soliton, $\mu $ is an arbitrary prescribed real number (positive or negative) with $|\mu |\ll 1$ , and the error $\eta $ satisfies $$\begin{aligned} \Vert \partial _t \eta (t,\cdot )\Vert _{L^2(B_t)} +\Vert \nabla \eta (t,\cdot )\Vert _{L^2(B_t)}\ll 1,\quad B_t:=\{x\in {\mathbb{R }}^3: |x|<t\} \end{aligned}$$ for all $t\gg 1$ . Furthermore, the kinetic energy of $u$ outside the cone is small. Consequently, depending on the sign of $\mu $ , we obtain two new types of solutions which either concentrate as $t\rightarrow \infty $ (with a continuum of rates) or stay bounded but do not scatter. In particular, these solutions contradict a strong version of the soliton resolution conjecture.     

Passive linear stationary dynamical scattering systems with continuous time

In this paper we consider systems with the separable Hilbert inner, input and output spacesX, $\mathfrak{N}^ - $ , $\mathfrak{N}^ + $ of the form $$\frac{{dx(t)}}{{dt}} = \hat Bx(t) + L\varphi ^ - (t),\varphi ^ + (t) = N(x(t),\varphi ^ - (t)),x(0) = a$$ with some natural restrictions on the coefficients which have been proposed by Yu.L. Shmuljan. For each system the concepts of simple, minimal, passive scattering, conservative scattering, optimal passive scattering ones are introduced. We realize any $[\mathfrak{N}^ - ,\mathfrak{N}^ + ]$ valued function θ(p) which is holomorphic with contractive values in the right half plane as the transfer function (t.f.) of a simple conservative scattering system and also as the t.f. of a minimal optimal passive scattering system. Both these realizations are defined by θ(p) uniquely up to unitary similarity. Reduction of the problem to the corresponding problems for systems with discrete time via Cayley transform is used.     

Conditionally oscillatory half-linear differential equations

We consider a nonoscillatory half-linear second order differential equation (*) $$ (r(t)\Phi (x'))' + c(t)\Phi (x) = 0,\Phi (x) = \left| x \right|^{p - 2} x,p > 1, $$ and suppose that we know its solution h. Using this solution we construct a function d such that the equation (**) $$ (r(t)\Phi (x'))' + [c(t) + \lambda d(t)]\Phi (x) = 0 $$ is conditionally oscillatory. Then we study oscillations of the perturbed equation (**). The obtained (non)oscillation criteria extend existing results for perturbed half-linear Euler and Euler-Weber equations.     

Multiple solutions to nonlinear Schrödinger equations with singular electromagnetic potential

We consider the semilinear electromagnetic Schrödinger equation ${(-i{\nabla} + \mathcal{A}(x))^{2}u + V (x)u = |u|^{{2}^{\ast}-2}u, u\, {\in}\, D_{\mathcal{A},0}^{1,2}{(\Omega,\mathbb{C})}}$ , where ${\Omega = (\mathbb{R}^{m}\;{\backslash}\;\{0\}) {\times} {\mathbb{R}^{N-m}}}$ with 2 ≤ m ≤  N, N ≥ 3, 2* : = 2N/(N – 2) is the critical Sobolev exponent, V is a Hardy term and ${\mathcal{A}}$ is a singular magnetic potential of a particular form which includes the Aharonov– Bohm potentials. Under some symmetry assumptions on ${\mathcal{A}}$ we obtain multiplicity of solutions satisfying certain symmetry properties.     

Exact Non-Self-Similar Solutions of the Equation $$u_t = \Delta \ln u$$

In this paper, we obtain new exact non-self-similar solutions of the nonlinear diffusion equation $$\begin{gathered} {\text{ }}u_t = \Delta \ln u, \hfill \\ u \triangleq u\left( {x,t} \right):\Omega \times \mathbb{R}^ + \to \mathbb{R},{\text{ }} x \in \mathbb{R}^n , \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ where $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n $ is the domain and $\mathbb{R}^ + = \left\{ {t:0 \leqslant t < + \infty } \right\},{\text{ }}u\left( {x,t} \right) \geqslant 0$ is the temperature of the medium.     

On weighted strong type inequalities for the generalized weighted mean operator

The generalized weighted mean operator ${\mathbf{M}^{g}_{w}}$ is given by $$[\mathbf{M}^{g}_{w}f](x) = g^{-1} \left( \frac{1}{W(x)} \int \limits_{0}^{x}w(t)g(f(t))\,{\rm d}t \right),$$ with $$W(x) = \int \limits_{0}^{x} w(s) {\rm d}s, \quad {\rm for} \, x \in (0, + \infty),$$ where w is a positive measurable function on (0, + ∞) and g is a real continuous strictly monotone function with its inverse g ^?1. We give some sufficient conditions on weights u, v on (0, + ∞) for which there exists a positive constant C such that the weighted strong type (p, q) inequality $$\left( \int \limits_{0}^{\infty} u(x) \Bigl( [\mathbf{M}^{g}_{w}f](x) \Bigr)^{q} {\rm d}x \right)^{1 \over q} \leq C \left( \int \limits_{0}^{\infty}v(x)f(x)^{p} {\rm d}x \right)^{1 \over p}$$ holds for every measurable non-negative function f, where the positive reals p,q satisfy certain restrictions.     

On a result of Hardy and Littlewood concerning Fourier series

Let f ∈ L ¹( $ \mathbb{T} $ ) and assume that $$ f\left( t \right) \sim \frac{{a_0 }} {2} + \sum\limits_{k = 1}^\infty {\left( {a_k \cos kt + b_k \sin kt} \right)} $$ Hardy and Littlewood [1] proved that the series $ \sum\limits_{k = 1}^\infty {\frac{{a_k }} {k}} $ converges if and only if the improper Riemann integral $$ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{\delta \to 0^ + } \int_\delta ^\pi {\frac{1} {x}} \left\{ {\int_{ - x}^x {f(t)dt} } \right\}dx $$ exists. In this paper we prove a refinement of this result.     

Some approximation theorems for modified Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators

The modified Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators discussed in this paper are given byM_nf≡M_n(f,x)=(n+2)P_(n,k)∫_0~1p_n+1.k(t)f(t)dt,whereWe will show,for 0<α<1 and 1≤p≤∞