Fundamental Agler Decompositions

We use shift-invariant subspaces of the Hardy space on the bidisk to provide an elementary proof of the existence of Agler decompositions. We observe that these shift-invariant subspaces are specific cases of Hilbert spaces that can be defined from Agler decompositions and analyze the properties of such Hilbert spaces. We then restrict attention to rational inner functions and show that the shift-invariant subspaces provide easy proofs of several known results about decompositions of rational inner functions. We use our analysis to obtain a result about stable polynomials on the polydisk.     

Vanishing moment conditions for wavelet atoms in higher dimensions

We provide explicit criteria for wavelets to give rise to frames and atomic decompositions in L²(?^d), but also in more general Banach function spaces. We consider wavelet systems that arise by translating and dilating the mother wavelet, with the dilations taken from a suitable subgroup of GL(?^d), the so-called dilation group.The paper provides a unified approach that is applicable to a wide range of dilation groups, thus giving rise to new atomic decompositions for homogeneous Besov spaces in arbitrary dimensions, but also for other function spaces such as shearlet coorbit spaces. The atomic decomposition results are obtained by applying the coorbit theory developed by Feichtinger and Gröchenig, and they can be informally described as follows: Given a function ψ ∈ L²(?^d) satisfying fairly mild decay, smoothness and vanishing moment conditions, any sufficiently fine sampling of the translations and dilations will give rise to a wavelet frame. Furthermore, the containment of the analyzed signal in certain smoothness spaces (generalizing the homogeneous Besov spaces) can be decided by looking at the frame coefficients, and convergence of the frame expansion holds in the norms of these spaces. We motivate these results by discussing nonlinear approximation.     

Wavelet Frames on Groups and Hypergroups via Discretization of Calderón Formulas

Continuous wavelets are often studied in the general framework of representation theory of square-integrable representations, or by using convolution relations and Fourier transforms. We consider the well-known problem whether these continuous wavelets can be discretized to yield wavelet frames. In this paper we use Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operators and atomic decompositions on spaces of homogeneous type, endowed with families of general translations and dilations, to attack this problem, and obtain strong convergence results for wavelets expansions in a variety of classical functional spaces and smooth molecule spaces. This approach is powerful enough to yield, in a uniform way, for example, frames of smooth wavelets for matrix dilations in ⁿ, for an affine extension of the Heisenberg group, and on many commutative hypergroups.     

Wavelet Frames on Groups and Hypergroups via Discretization of Calderón Formulas

Continuous wavelets are often studied in the general framework of representation theory of square-integrable representations, or by using convolution relations and Fourier transforms. We consider the well-known problem whether these continuous wavelets can be discretized to yield wavelet frames. In this paper we use Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operators and atomic decompositions on spaces of homogeneous type, endowed with families of general translations and dilations, to attack this problem, and obtain strong convergence results for wavelets expansions in a variety of classical functional spaces and smooth molecule spaces. This approach is powerful enough to yield, in a uniform way, for example, frames of smooth wavelets for matrix dilations in ⁿ, for an affine extension of the Heisenberg group, and on many commutative hypergroups.     

Anisotropic Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with doubling measures

We introduce and study anisotropic Triebel-Lizorkin spaces associated with general expansive dilations and doubling measures on ℝⁿ with the use of wavelet transforms. This work generalizes the isotropic methods of dyadic ϕ-transforms of Frazier and Jawerth to nonisotropic settings. We extend results involving boundedness of wavelet transforms, almost diagonality, smooth atomic and molecular decompositions to the setting of doubling measures. We also develop localization techniques in the endpoint case of p = ∞, where the usual definition of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces is replaced by its localized version. Finally, we establish nonsmooth atomic decompositions in the range of 0 < p ≤ 1, which is analogous to the usual Hardy space atomic decompositions.     

Multivariate generalized sampling in shift-invariant spaces and its approximation properties

Nowadays the topic of sampling in a shift-invariant space is having a significant impact: it avoids most of the problems associated with classical Shannon's theory. Under appropriate hypotheses, any multivariate function in a shift-invariant space can be recovered from its samples at Zd. However, in many common situations the available data are samples of some convolution operators acting on the function itself: this leads to the problem of multivariate generalized sampling in shift-invariant spaces. This extra information on the functions in the shift-invariant space will allow to sample in an appropriate sub-lattice of Zd. In this paper an L²(Rd) theory involving the frame theory is exhibited. Sampling formulas which are frame expansions for the shift-invariant space are obtained. In the case of overcomplete frame formulas, the search of reconstruction functions with prescribed good properties is allowed. Finally, approximation schemes using these generalized sampling formulas are included.     

A Bernstein-type inequality associated with wavelet decomposition

Wavelet decomposition and its related nonlinear approximation problem are investigated on the basis of shift-invariant spaces of functions. In particular, a Bernstein-type inequality associated with wavelet decomposition is established in such a general setting. Several examples of piecewise polynomial spaces are given to illustrate the general theory.     

The wavelet dimension function is the trace function of a shift-invariant system

In this note, we observe that the dimension function associated with a wavelet system is the trace of the Gramian fibers of the shift-invariant system generated by the negative dilations of the mother wavelets. When this shift-invariant system is a tight frame, each of the Gramian fibers is an orthogonal projector, and its trace, then, coincides with its rank. This connection leads to simple proofs of several results concerning the dimension function, and the arguments extend to the bi-frame case.

     

Atomic and molecular decompositions of anisotropic Besov spaces

In this work we develop the theory of weighted anisotropic Besov spaces associated with general expansive matrix dilations and doubling measures with the use of discrete wavelet transforms. This study extends the isotropic Littlewood- Paley methods of dyadic -transforms of Frazier and Jawerth [19, 21] to non-isotropic settings.Several results of isotropic theory of Besov spaces are recovered for weighted anisotropic Besov spaces. We show that these spaces are characterized by the magnitude of the -transforms in appropriate sequence spaces. We also prove boundedness of an anisotropic analogue of the class of almost diagonal operators and we obtain atomic and molecular decompositions of weighted anisotropic Besov spaces, thus extending isotropic results of Frazier and Jawerth [21].The author was partially supported by the NSF grant DMS-0441817.     

Generalized coorbit space theory and inhomogeneous function spaces of Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel type

Coorbit space theory is an abstract approach to function spaces and their atomic decompositions. The original theory developed by Feichtinger and Gröchenig in the late 1980ies heavily uses integrable representations of locally compact groups. Their theory covers, in particular, homogeneous Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces, modulation spaces, Bergman spaces and the recent shearlet spaces. However, inhomogeneous Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces cannot be covered by their group theoretical approach. Later it was recognized by Fornasier and Rauhut (2005) [24] that one may replace coherent states related to the group representation by more general abstract continuous frames. In the first part of the present paper we significantly extend this abstract generalized coorbit space theory to treat a wider variety of coorbit spaces. A unified approach towards atomic decompositions and Banach frames with new results for general coorbit spaces is presented. In the second part we apply the abstract setting to a specific framework and study coorbits of what we call Peetre spaces. They allow to recover inhomogeneous Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces of various types of interest as coorbits. We obtain several old and new wavelet characterizations based on explicit smoothness, decay, and vanishing moment assumptions of the respective wavelet. As main examples we obtain results for weighted spaces (Muckenhoupt, doubling), general 2-microlocal spaces, Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel-Morrey spaces, spaces of dominating mixed smoothness and even mixtures of the mentioned ones. Due to the generality of our approach, there are many more examples of interest where the abstract coorbit space theory is applicable.     

Invariance of a Shift-Invariant Space

A shift-invariant space is a space of functions that is invariant under integer translations. Such spaces are often used as models for spaces of signals and images in mathematical and engineering applications. This paper characterizes those shift-invariant subspaces S that are also invariant under additional (non-integer) translations. For the case of finitely generated spaces, these spaces are characterized in terms of the generators of the space. As a consequence, it is shown that principal shift-invariant spaces with a compactly supported generator cannot be invariant under any non-integer translations.     

Frames of Periodic Shift-Invariant Spaces

This note studies Bessel sequences and frames of shift-invariant spaces generated by a countable set of periodic functions. We give characterizations under which the set of translations of the countable set is a Bessel sequence or a frame in terms of spectral decompositions of some self-adjoint operators.     

Frames and Coorbit Theory on Homogeneous Spaces with a Special Guidance on the Sphere

The topic of this article is a generalization of the theory of coorbit spaces and related frame constructions to Banach spaces of functions or distributions over domains and manifolds. As a special case one obtains modulation spaces and Gabor frames on spheres. Group theoretical considerations allow first to introduce generalized wavelet transforms. These are then used to define coorbit spaces on homogeneous spaces, which consist of functions having their generalized wavelet transform in some weighted L_p space. We also describe natural ways of discretizing those wavelet transforms, or equivalently to obtain atomic decompositions and Banach frames for the corresponding coorbit spaces. Based on these facts we treat aspects of nonlinear approximation and show how the new theory can be applied to the Gabor transform on spheres. For the S¹ we exhibit concrete examples of admissible Gabor atoms which are very closely related to uncertainty minimizing states.     

Dimension Functions of Rationally Dilated GMRAs and Wavelets

In this paper we study properties of generalized multiresolution analyses (GMRAs) and wavelets associated with rational dilations. We characterize the class of GMRAs associated with rationally dilated wavelets extending the result of Baggett, Medina, and Merrill. As a consequence, we introduce and derive the properties of the dimension function of rationally dilated wavelets. In particular, we show that any mildly regular wavelet must necessarily come from an MRA (possibly of higher multiplicity) extending Auscher’s result from the setting of integer dilations to that of rational dilations. We also characterize all 3 interval wavelet sets for all positive dilation factors. Finally, we give an example of a rationally dilated wavelet dimension function for which the conventional algorithm for constructing integer dilated wavelet sets fails.     

Examples of Coorbit Spaces for Dual Pairs

In this paper we summarize and give examples of a generalization of the coorbit space theory initiated in the 1980’s by H.G. Feichtinger and K.H. Gröchenig. Coorbit theory has been a powerful tool in characterizing Banach spaces of distributions with the use of integrable representations of locally compact groups. Examples are a wavelet characterization of the Besov spaces and a characterization of some Bergman spaces by the discrete series representation of SL₂(?). We present examples of Banach spaces which could not be covered by the previous theory, and we also provide atomic decompositions for an example related to a non-integrable representation.     

On the Windowed Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform of Almost Periodic Functions

We present the windowed Fourier transform and wavelet transform as tools for analyzing persistent signals, such as bounded power signals and almost periodic functions. We establish the analogous Parseval-type identities. We consider discretized versions of these transforms and construct generalized frame decompositions. Finally, we bring out some relations with shift-invariant operators and linear systems.     

Phaseless Sampling and Reconstruction of Real-Valued Signals in Shift-Invariant Spaces

Sampling in shift-invariant spaces is a realistic model for signals with smooth spectrum. In this paper, we consider phaseless sampling and reconstruction of real-valued signals in a high-dimensional shift-invariant space from their magnitude measurements on the whole Euclidean space and from their phaseless samples taken on a discrete set with finite sampling density. The determination of a signal in a shift-invariant space, up to a sign, by its magnitude measurements on the whole Euclidean space has been shown in the literature to be equivalent to its nonseparability. In this paper, we introduce an undirected graph associated with the signal in a shift-invariant space and use connectivity of the graph to characterize nonseparability of the signal. Under the local complement property assumption on a shift-invariant space, we find a discrete set with finite sampling density such that nonseparable signals in the shift-invariant space can be reconstructed in a stable way from their phaseless samples taken on that set. In this paper, we also propose a reconstruction algorithm which provides an approximation to the original signal when its noisy phaseless samples are available only. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm to reconstruct box spline signals from their noisy phaseless samples.

     

Numerical stability of biorthogonal wavelet transforms

Biorthogonal wavelets are essential tools for numerous practical applications. It is very important that wavelet transforms work numerically stable in floating point arithmetic. This paper presents new results on the worst-case analysis of roundoff errors occurring in floating point computation of periodic biorthogonal wavelet transforms, i.e. multilevel wavelet decompositions and reconstructions. Both of these wavelet algorithms can be realized by matrix–vector products with sparse structured matrices. It is shown that under certain conditions the wavelet algorithms can be remarkably stable. Numerous tests demonstrate the performance of the results.      

Symmetric spaces and Lie triple systems in numerical analysis of differential equations

A remarkable number of different numerical algorithms can be understood and analyzed using the concepts of symmetric spaces and Lie triple systems, which are well known in differential geometry from the study of spaces of constant curvature and their tangents. This theory can be used to unify a range of different topics, such as polar-type matrix decompositions, splitting methods for computation of the matrix exponential, composition of selfadjoint numerical integrators and dynamical systems with symmetries and reversing symmetries. The thread of this paper is the following: involutive automorphisms on groups induce a factorization at a group level, and a splitting at the algebra level. In this paper we will give an introduction to the mathematical theory behind these constructions, and review recent results. Furthermore, we present a new Yoshida-like technique, for self-adjoint numerical schemes, that allows to increase the order of preservation of symmetries by two units. The proposed techniques has the property that all the time-steps are positive.     

The Matrix-Valued Riesz Lemma and Local Orthonormal Bases in Shift-Invariant Spaces

We use the matrix-valued Fejér–Riesz lemma for Laurent polynomials to characterize when a univariate shift-invariant space has a local orthonormal shift-invariant basis, and we apply the above characterization to study local dual frame generators, local orthonormal bases of wavelet spaces, and MRA-based affine frames. Also we provide a proof of the matrix-valued Fejér–Riesz lemma for Laurent polynomials.