等效法处理竖直方向的弹簧振子

从力、运动、能量三个角度,证明竖直方向上的弹簧振子和基本弹簧振子模型的等效性;举例说明把竖直方向的弹簧振子可等效为基本模型,在列方程式求解未知量时更简洁方便.     

利用智能手机测量弹簧劲度系数与重力加速度

利用智能手机中多种传感器进行竖直方向弹簧振子实验.在振子上安装自制光源或弱小轻磁铁,将手机水平放置在弹簧振子正下方,利用手机光线传感器软件或磁传感器软件得到弹簧振子做简谐运动时手机所在位置的光强或磁场强度变化图像.通过分析简谐运动光强或磁场强度变化图像可分别得出弹簧的劲度系数与当地重力加速度.     

双弹簧振子在竖直方向的自由振动研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了对称双弹簧振子在竖直方向的自由振动,揭示出这类振动的性质随系统参数及振幅的变化规律,丰富了弹簧振子振动的研究.     

利用手机加速度传感器探究竖直方向弹簧振子运动

研究开发了基于手机加速度传感器的竖直方向弹簧振子实验.使手机随着弹簧振子上下振动,利用手机加速度传感器软件得到弹簧振子做简谐振动以及阻尼振动的加速度变化图像.通过分析简谐振动加速度变化图象得出弹簧劲度系数、重力加速度;通过分析阻尼振动加速度变化图像得出弹簧振子做阻尼振动的加速度方程.     

D IS 实验用于弹簧振子简谐运动的教学研究

在高中物理教学中,DIS实验变得越来越重要,本文介绍了用DIS实验观察弹簧振子在竖直方向上的振动情况,通过实验操作、观察分析、数据处理,阐明弹簧的弹力与回复力之间的关系,并计算出弹簧劲度系数κ的值,使学生更加直观地理解不同弹簧有着不同的劲度系数。笔者通过对弹簧振子的传统实验以及DIS实验的对比,不仅验证了竖直方向上形变量与回复力成正比,还对实验进行了改进与创新,总结出了使用DIS实验的优点。     

弹簧蛇形振子的制作与探究

利用不同周期的弹簧代替原始蛇形摆装置中的单摆,制作了竖直运动的弹簧蛇形振子,所有的弹簧振子等间距排列成一条直线.弹簧蛇形振子操作简单,是较为理想的简谐振动演示装置.     

弹簧质量对振子振动频率的贡献

本文用试探法求解微分方程，得悬挂在竖直弹簧下面的振子的振动频率ω与振子的质量ｍ、弹簧的倔强系数ｋ及弹簧质量ｍｓ的关系为一超越方程：ｃｔｇｘ＝Ｘ，式中ｘ＝ω．若把Ｍ＝ｍ＋Ｂｍｓ理解为振子的等效质量，则Ｂ倍的弹簧质量和振子质量一起对振子频率有贡献．弹簧质量因子Ｂ随比值不同而变化，变化范围为1/3～4/π~2．     

用DIS验证简谐运动中的机械能守恒定律

利用DIS验证了竖直方向做简谐运动的弹簧振子的运动规律,并探究重力势能、动能、弹性势能3种能量随时间的变化关系,进而得出机械能守恒定律.     

竖直方向简谐振动中1/2kx~2的物理意义

竖直方向简谐振动中１２ｋｘ２的物理意义范素华王培吉（山东建材学院，济南２５００２２我们知道，若将水平的弹簧振子置于竖直方向，则物体是在弹性力和重力的共同作用下作谐振动，仅仅是振动的平衡位置由原来的弹簧自由伸长位置向下移动了一段距离ｌ０（ｌ０＝ｍｇ／ｋ...     

竖直振动弹簧的质量对振动周期的影响

对竖直振动的弹簧系统进行了理论分析,得出振动频率与弹簧自身质量及振子质量的关系满足tan(√m1/kω)√m1/kω=m1/m2,在弹簧的固定点用力传感器对力的变化进行了测量,实验结果与理论分析相一致.     

Synchronization in Coupled Oscillators with Two Coexisting Attractors

Dynamics in coupled Dufling oscillators with two coexisting symmetrical attractors is investigated. For a pair of Dufl~ng oscillators coupled linearly, the transition to the synchronization generally consists of two steps： Firstly, the two oscillators have to jump onto a same attractor, then they reach synchronization similarly to coupled monostable oscillators. The transition scenarios to the synchronization observed are strongly dependent on initial conditions.     

耦合混沌振子系统完全同步的动力学行为

以耦合Duffing振子为对象，研究了混沌系统进入完全同步态时的一些动力学行为. 在对称耦合情况下，随着耦合系数的变化系统达到各个混沌振子的相轨道完全相同的同步态——完全同步态. 通过计算Lyapunov指数表明，此时系统的前两个横向Lyapunov指数相等，同时系统之间的时间关联表现出明显的规律性. 关键词： Duffing振子 混沌同步 Lyapunov指数     

Cooperative behaviors of coupled nonidentical oscillators with the same equilibrium points

The cooperative behaviors resulted from the interaction of coupled identical oscillators have been investigated intensively. However, the coupled oscillators in practice are nonidentical, and there exist mismatched parameters. It has been proved that under certain conditions, complete synchronization can take place in coupled nonidentical oscillators with the same equilibrium points, yet other cooperative behaviors are not addressed. In this paper, we further consider two coupled nonidentical oscillators with the same equilibrium points, where one oscillator is convergent while the other is chaotic,and explore their cooperative behaviors. We find that the coupling mode and the coupling strength can bring the coupled oscillators to different cooperation behaviors in unidirectional or undirected couplings. In the case of directed coupling,death islands appear in two-parameter spaces. The mechanism inducing these transitions is presented.     

环形耦合Duffing振子间的同步突变

以环形耦合Duffing振子系统为研究对象,分析了耦合振子间的同步演化过程.发现在弱耦合条件下,如果所有振子受到同一周期策动力的驱动,那么系统在经历倍周期分岔、混沌态、大尺度周期态的相变时,各振子的运动轨迹之间将出现由同步到不同步再到同步的两次突变现象.利用其中任何一次同步突变现象可以实现系统相变的快速判别,并由此补充了利用倍周期分岔与混沌态的这一相变对微弱周期信号进行检测的方法. 关键词： Duffing振子 同步突变 相变 微弱信号检测     

Amplitude and phase effects on the synchronization of delay-coupled oscillators

We consider the behavior of Stuart-Landau oscillators as generic limit-cycle oscillators when they are interacting with delay. We investigate the role of amplitude and phase instabilities in producing symmetry-breaking/restoring transitions. Using analytical and numerical methods we compare the dynamics of one oscillator with delayed feedback, two oscillators mutually coupled with delay, and two delay-coupled elements with self-feedback. Taking only the phase dynamics into account, no chaotic dynamics is observed, and the stability of the identical synchronization solution is the same in each of the three studied networks of delay-coupled elements. When allowing for a variable oscillation amplitude, the delay can induce amplitude instabilities. We provide analytical proof that, in case of two mutually coupled elements, the onset of an amplitude instability always results in antiphase oscillations, leading to a leader-laggard behavior in the chaotic regime. Adding self-feedback with the same strength and delay as the coupling stabilizes the system in the transverse direction and, thus, promotes the onset of identically synchronized behavior.     

Electrical measurement of spin-wave interactions of proximate spin transfer nanooscillators

We have investigated the interaction mechanism between two nanocontact spin transfer oscillators made on the same magnetic spin valve multilayer. The oscillators phase lock when their precession frequencies are made similar, and a giant magnetoresistance signal is detectable at one contact due to precession at the other. Cutting the magnetic mesa between the contacts with a focused-ion beam modifies the contact outputs, eliminates the phase locking, and strongly attenuates the magnetoresistance coupling, which indicates that spin waves rather than magnetic fields are the primary interaction mechanism.     

Construction of Arnold tongue structures for coupled periodic oscillators

Arnold tongue structures generated due to the mutual entrainment of two periodic oscillators are studied experimentally and numerically. This mutual entrainment is provoked due to the mutual (bidirectional) coupling between the two oscillators. In experiments, this bidirectional coupling is achieved by immersing a pair of anodes (oscillators) in a common electrolytic solution. A voltage mismatch between these anodes renders the time period of the uncoupled oscillators non-identical. Moreover, the coupling strength between the two oscillators is uniquely determined by the Euclidean distance separating them. Systematically varying the distance between these two anodes as a function of their voltage mismatch, phase locked domains were located. Subsequently, Arnold tongue structures were constructed in the experiments. Numerical simulations, using a model for electrochemical corrosion, corroborate our experimental findings.     

Mechanisms behind the generalized synchronization conditions

A universal mechanism underlying generalized synchronization conditions in unidirectionally coupled stochastic oscillators is considered. The consideration is carried out in the framework of a modified system with additional dissipation. The approach developed is illustrated with model examples. The conclusion is reached that two types of the behavior of nonlinear dynamic systems known as generalized synchronization and noise-induced synchronization, which are viewed as different phenomena, actually represent a unique type of the synchronous behavior of stochastic oscillators and are caused by the same mechanism.     

水下目标噪声测量中的同步钟测距

本测距系统采用两只型号相同的ＷＺＧ－５ＭＨｚ石英晶体振荡器，在同一个时基标准下进行同步测距，５ＭＨｚ石英晶体振荡器具有准确度高，稳定性好的特点，从而成功的解决了在舰船辐射噪声测量中，目标船与测量水听器间测距误差大的问题。本文较详细的介绍了同步钟测距原理，并对在舰船辐射噪声测量中噪声级与距离关系，目标船相对测量水听器的位置，测距误差等进行了描述。     

Switching phenomenon induced by breakdown of chaotic phase synchronization

We investigate chaotic phase synchronization (CPS) in three-coupled chaotic oscillator systems. According to the coupling strength and mismatches in the frequencies of these oscillators, we can observe complete CPS where all three oscillators exhibit CPS, and partial CPS where only two oscillators exhibit CPS. When the coupling strength is weakened, we observe a phenomenon that complete CPS among the three oscillators is suddenly disrupted without going through partial CPS. In this case oscillators exhibit quasi-CPS where two oscillators appear to exhibit CPS transiently, and the combination of the two oscillators changes with time. We call this phenomenon CPS switching D. It is revealed that phase fluctuation plays an important role in CPS switching D. It is also shown that the amplitude with a specific structure strengthens the degree of CPS switching. In the present paper, we characterize this CPS switching and discuss its mechanism.