Some approximation theorems for modified Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators

The modified Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators discussed in this paper are given byM_nf≡M_n(f,x)=(n+2)P_(n,k)∫_0~1p_n+1.k(t)f(t)dt,whereWe will show,for 0<α<1 and 1≤p≤∞     

Criterion of polynomial increase of a function and its derivatives

ДОкАжАНО, ЧтО Дль тОгО, ЧтОБы Дльr РАж ДИФФЕРЕНцИРУЕМОИ НА пРОМЕжУткЕ [А, + ∞) ФУНкцИИf сУЩЕстВОВА л тАкОИ МНОгОЧлЕН (1) $$P(x) = \mathop \Sigma \limits_{\kappa = 0}^{r - 1} a_k x^k ,$$ , ЧтО (2) $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } (f(x) - P(x))^{(k)} = 0,k = 0,1,...,r - 1,$$ , НЕОБхОДИМО И ДОстАтО ЧНО, ЧтОБы схОДИлсь ИН тЕгРАл (3) $$\int\limits_a^{ + \infty } {dt_1 } \int\limits_{t_1 }^{ + \infty } {dt_2 ...} \int\limits_{t_{r - 1} }^{ + \infty } {f^{(r)} (t)dt.}$$ ЕслИ ЁтОт ИНтЕгРАл сх ОДИтсь, тО Дль кОЁФФИц ИЕНтОВ МНОгОЧлЕНА (1) ИМЕУт МЕс тО ФОРМУлы $$\begin{gathered} a_{r - m} = \frac{1}{{(r - m)!}}\left( {\mathop \Sigma \limits_{j = 1}^m \frac{{( - 1)^{m - j} f^{(r - j)} (x_0 )}}{{(m - j)!}}} \right.x_0^{m - j} + \hfill \\ + ( - 1)^{m - 1} \left. {\mathop \Sigma \limits_{l = 0}^{m - 1} \frac{{x_0^l }}{{l!}}\int\limits_a^{ + \infty } {dt_1 } \int\limits_{t_1 }^{ + \infty } {dt_2 ...} \int\limits_{t_{m - l - 1} }^{ + \infty } {f^{(r)} (t_{m - 1} )dt_{m - 1} } } \right),m = 1,2,...,r. \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ ДОстАтОЧНыМ, НО НЕ НЕОБхОДИМыМ Усл ОВИЕМ схОДИМОстИ кРА тНОгО ИНтЕгРАлА (3) ьВльЕтсь схОДИМОсть ИНтЕгРАл А \(\int\limits_a^{ + \infty } {x^{r - 1} f^{(r)} (x)dx}\)      

Periodicity in a Nonlinear Predator-prey System with State Dependent Delays

With the help of a continuation theorem based on Gaines and Mawhin's coincidence degree, easily verifiable criteria are established for the global existence of positive periodic solutions of the following nonlinear state dependent delays predator-prey system where a_i(t),c_j(t),d_i(t) are continuous positive periodic functions with periodic ω>0, b_1(t),b_2(t) are continuous periodic functions with periodic ωand ∫_0~ωbi(t)dt>0. T_i,σ_j, p_i (i=1,2,…,n, j=1, 2,…,m) are continuous and ω-periodic with respect to their first arguments, respectively, α_i, β_j,γ_i(i=1,2,…,n, j=1,2, …, m) are positive constants.     

Асимптотические рав енства для интеграло в от модуля суммы кратн ого ряда из синусов

Assume that the coefficients of the series $$\mathop \sum \limits_{k \in N^m } a_k \mathop \Pi \limits_{i = 1}^m \sin k_i x_i $$ satisfy the following conditions: a) a_k → 0 for k₁ + k₂ + ...+k_m →∞, b) \(\delta _{B,G}^M (a) = \mathop {\mathop \sum \limits_{k_i = 1}^\infty }\limits_{i \in B} \mathop {\mathop \sum \limits_{k_j = 2}^\infty }\limits_{j \in G} \mathop {\mathop \sum \limits_{k_v = 0}^\infty }\limits_{v \in M\backslash (B \cup G)} \mathop \Pi \limits_{i \in B} \frac{1}{{k_i }}|\mathop \sum \limits_{I_j = 1}^{[k_j /2]} (\nabla _{l_G }^G (\Delta _1^{M\backslash B} a_k ))\mathop \Pi \limits_{j \in G} l_j^{ - 1} |< \infty ,\) for ∨B?M, ∨G?M,B∩G, where M={1,2, ...,m}, $$\begin{gathered} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\Delta _1^j a_k = a_k - a_{k_{M\backslash \{ j\} } ,k_{j + 1} } ,\Delta _1^B a_k = \Delta _1^{B\backslash \{ j\} } (\Delta _1^j a_k ), \hfill \\ \Delta _{l_j }^j a_k = a_{k_{M\backslash \{ j\} } ,k_j - l_j } - a_{k_{M\backslash \{ j\} } ,k_j + l_j } ,\nabla _{l_G }^G a_k = \nabla _{l_{G\backslash \{ j\} } }^{G\backslash \{ j\} } (\nabla _{l_j }^j a_k ). \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ Then for all n∈N^m the following asymptotic equation is valid: $$\mathop \smallint \limits_{{\rm T}_{\pi /(2n + 1)}^m } |\mathop \sum \limits_{k \in N^m } a_k \mathop \Pi \limits_{i \in M} \sin k_i x_i |dx = \mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^n \left| {a_k } \right|\mathop \Pi \limits_{i \in M} k^{ - 1} + O(\mathop {\mathop \sum \limits_{B,{\mathbf{ }}G \subset M} }\limits_{B \ne M} \delta _{B,G}^M (a)).$$ Here \(T_{\pi /(2n + 1)}^m = \left\{ {x = (x1,x2,...,xm):\pi /(2n + 1) \leqq xi \leqq \pi ;i = \overline {1,m} } \right\}\) . In the one-dimensional case such an equation was proved by S. A. Teljakovskii.     

Difference schemes for one class of variational inequalities and fourth-order mixed boundary-value problem

A difference scheme is constructed for the solution of the variational equation $$\begin{gathered} a\left( {u, v} \right)---u \geqslant \left( {f, v---u} \right)\forall v \varepsilon K,K \{ vv \varepsilon W_2^2 \left( \Omega \right) \cap \mathop {W_2^1 \left( \Omega \right)}\limits^0 ,\frac{{\partial v}}{{\partial u}} \geqslant 0 a.e. on \Gamma \} ; \hfill \\ \Omega = \{ x = (x_1 ,x_2 ):0 \leqslant x_\alpha< l_\alpha ,\alpha = 1, 2\} \Gamma = \bar \Omega - \Omega ,a(u, v) = \hfill \\ = \int\limits_\Omega {\Delta u\Delta } vdx \equiv (\Delta u,\Delta v, \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ The following bound is obtained for this scheme: $$\left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2 \left( \omega \right)}^2 = 0(h^{(2k - 5)/4} )u \in W_2^k \left( \Omega \right),\left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2^2 \left( \omega \right)} = 0(h^{\min (k - 2;1,5)/2} ),u \in W_\infty ^k \left( \Omega \right) \cap W_2^3 \left( \Omega \right)$$ The following bounds are obtained for the mixed boundary-value problem: $$\begin{gathered} \left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2^2 \left( \omega \right)} = 0\left( {h^{\min \left( {k - 2;1,5} \right)} } \right),u \in W_\infty ^k \left( \Omega \right),\left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2^2 \left( \omega \right)} = 0\left( {h^{k - 2,5} } \right), \hfill \\ u \in W_2^k \left( \Omega \right),k \in \left[ {3,4} \right] \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ .     

Some weighted sum identities for double zeta values

We obtain the weighted sum identities for ■(-1)~kkζ(k,s-k),■k kζ(2k,2s-2k),■kkζ(2k+1,2s-2k-1),■k~2kζ(2k,2s-2k) and ■k~2kζ(2k+1,2s-2k-1).     

An Inverse Spectral Problem for a Nonsymmetric Differential Operator: Uniqueness and Reconstruction Formula

We consider an eigenvalue problem for a system on [0, 1]: $$\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}l} {\left[ {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \\ \end{array} } \right)\frac{{\text{d}}} {{{\text{d}}x}} + \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {p_{11} (x)} & {p_{12} (x)} \\ {p_{21} (x)} & {p_{22} (x)} \\ \end{array} } \right)} \right]\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\varphi ^{(1)} (x)} \\ {\varphi ^{(2)} (x)} \\ \end{array} } \right) = \lambda \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\varphi ^{(1)} (x)} \\ {\varphi ^{(1)} (x)} \\ \end{array} } \right)} \\ {\varphi ^{(2)} (0)\cosh \mu - \varphi ^{(1)} (0)\sinh \mu = \varphi ^{(2)} (1)\cosh \nu + \varphi ^{(1)} (1)\sinh \nu = 0} \\ \end{array} } \right.$$ with constants $$\mu ,\nu \in \mathbb{C}.$$ Under the assumption that p₂₁, p₂₂ are known, we prove a uniqueness theorem and provide a reconstruction formula for p₁₁ and p₁₂ from the spectral characteristics consisting of one spectrum and the associated norming constants.     

On boundary values of solutions of the dirichlet problem for second order elliptic equation

The paper suggests some conditions on the lower order terms, which provide that the solution of the Dirichlet problem for the general elliptic equation of the second order

Oscillation Theorems for Nonlinear Second Order Elliptic Equations

Some oscillation theorems are given for the nonlinear second order elliptic equationsum from i,j=1 to N D_i[a_(ij)(x)Ψ(y)||▽y||~(p-2)D_(jy)] c(x)f(y)=0.The results are extensions of modified Riccati techniques and include recent results of Usami.     

Global Existence of Positive Periodic Solutions for a Distributed Delay Competition Model

By using the continuation theorem of Mawhin's coincidence degree theory, a sufficient condition is derived for the existence of positive periodic solutions for a distributed delay competition modelwhere ri and r2 are continuous w-periodic functions in R+=[0,∞) with ,ai,ci(i =1,2) are positive continuous w-periodic functions in R+=[0,∞),bi (i = 1,2) is nonnegative continuous w-periodic function in R+=[0,∞), w and T are positive constants. Ki,Lt ∈ C([-T,0], (01 88)) and Ki(s)ds = 1,ds - 1. i = 1,2. Some known results are improved and extended.     

Mean value of weyl sums

We give a simple proof of a mean value theorem of I. M. Vinogradov in the following form. Suppose P, n, k, τ are integers, P≥1, n≥2, k≥n (τ+1), τ≥0. Put $$J_{k,n} (P) = \int_0^1 \cdots \int_0^1 {\left| {\sum\nolimits_{x = 1}^P {e^{2\pi i(a_1 x + \cdots + a_n x^n )} } } \right|^{2k} da_1 \ldots da_n .} $$ Then $$J_{k,n} \leqslant n!k^{2n\tau } n^{\sigma n^2 u} \cdot 2^{2n^2 \tau } P^{2k - \Delta } ,$$ where $$\begin{gathered} u = u_\tau = min(n + 1,\tau ), \hfill \\ \Delta = \Delta _\tau = n(n + 1)/2 - (1 - 1/n)^{\tau + 1} n^2 /2. \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$      

Some boundary-value problems for linear multidimensional second-order hyperbolic equations

For the linear hyperbolic equations $$\sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^{m + 1} {a_{ij} \left( {x,x_{m + 1} } \right)u_{x_i x_j } + \sum\limits_{i = 1}^{m + 1} {a_i \left( {x,x_{m + 1} } \right)u_{x_i } + c\left( {x,x_{m + 1} } \right)u = 0,x = \left( {x_1 ,...,x_m } \right)} ,} m \geqslant 2,$$ the correctness of multidimensional analogues of the problems of Darboux and Goursat is established and a theorem on the uniqueness of a solution of the Cauchy characteristic problem is proved.     

Applications of differential calculus to quasilinear elliptic boundary value problems with non-smooth data

This paper concerns boundary value problems for quasilinear second order elliptic systems which are, for example, of the type

Optimal recovery methods for the integral on classes of differentiable functions

Найдены методы восст ановления интеграла по информации $$I\left( f \right) = \left\{ {f^{(j)} \left( {x_i } \right)\left( {j = 0, ..., \gamma _i - 1; i = 1, ..., n; 1 \leqq \gamma _i \leqq r; \gamma _i + ... + \gamma _n \leqq N} \right.} \right\},$$ оптимальные на класс ахW _p ^r ,r=1,2,...; 1≦p≦∞. Это позволило, в частност и, получить наилучшие для классаW _p ^r квадратурные форму лы вида $$\mathop \smallint \limits_0^1 f\left( x \right)dx = \mathop \Sigma \limits_{i = 1}^n \mathop \Sigma \limits_{j = 1}^{\gamma _i - 1} a_{ij} f^{(j)} \left( {x_i } \right) + \mathop \Sigma \limits_{j = 1}^{[{r \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {r 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}]} b_j f^{(2j - 1)} \left( 0 \right) + \mathop \Sigma \limits_{k = 1}^{[{r \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {r 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}]} c_k f^{(2k - 1)} \left( 1 \right) + R\left( f \right)$$ И $$\mathop \smallint \limits_0^1 f\left( x \right)dx = af\left( 0 \right) + \mathop \Sigma \limits_{i = 1}^n \mathop \Sigma \limits_{j = 0}^{\gamma _i - 1} a_{ij} f^{(j)} \left( {x_i } \right) + bf\left( 1 \right) + \mathop \Sigma \limits_{j = 1}^{[{r \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {r 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}]} b_j f^{(2j - 1)} \left( 0 \right) + \mathop \Sigma \limits_{k = 1}^{[{r \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {r 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}]} c_k f^{(2k - 1)} \left( 1 \right) + R\left( f \right).$$      

A Representation of the Lorentz Spin Group and Its Application

For an integer m ≥ 4, we define a set of 2[m/2] × 2[m/2] matrices γj （m）, （j = 0, 1,..., m - 1） which satisfy γj （m）γk （m） ＋γk （m）γj （m） = 2ηjk （m）I[m/2], where （ηjk （m）） 0≤j,k≤m-1 is a diagonal matrix, the first diagonal element of which is 1 and the others are -1, I[m/2] is a 2[m/1] × 2[m/2] identity matrix with [m/2] being the integer part of m/2. For m = 4 and 5, the representation （m） of the Lorentz Spin group is known. For m≥ 6, we prove that （i） when m = 2n, （n ≥ 3）, （m） is the group generated by the set of matrices {T｜T=1/√ξ（（I＋k） 0 ＋ 0 I-K） （ U 0 0 U）, （ii） when m = 2n ＋ 1 （n≥ 3）, （m） is generated by the set of matrices {T｜T=1/√ξ（I -k^- k I）U,U∈ （m-1）,ξ=1-m-2 ∑k,j=0 ηkja^k a^j〉0, K=i[m-3 ∑j=0 a^j γj（m-2）＋a^（m-2） In],K^-=i[m-3∑j=0 a^j γj（m-2）-a^（m-2） In]}     

On sums of binomial coefficients involving Catalan and Delannoy numbers modulo $$p^2$$

In this paper, we prove some congruences conjectured by Z.-W. Sun: For any prime \(p>3\), we determine

$$\begin{aligned} \sum \limits _{k = 0}^{p - 1} {\frac{{{C_k}C_k^{(2)}}}{{{{27}^k}}}} \quad {\text { and }}\quad \sum \limits _{k = 1}^{p - 1} {\frac{{\left( {\begin{array}{l} {2k} \\ {k - 1} \\ \end{array}} \right) \left( { \begin{array}{l} {3k} \\ {k - 1} \\ \end{array} } \right) }}{{{{27}^k}}}} \end{aligned}$$

modulo \(p^2\), where \(C_k=\frac{1}{k+1}\left( {\begin{array}{c}2k\\ k\end{array}}\right) \) is the k-th Catalan number and \(C_k^{(2)}=\frac{1}{2k+1}\left( {\begin{array}{c}3k\\ k\end{array}}\right) \) is the second-order Catalan numbers of the first kind. And we prove that

$$\begin{aligned} \sum _{k=1}^{p-1}\frac{D_k}{k}\equiv -q_p(2)+pq_p(2)^2\pmod {p^2}, \end{aligned}$$

where \(D_n=\sum _{k=0}^{n}\left( {\begin{array}{c}n\\ k\end{array}}\right) \left( {\begin{array}{c}n+k\\ k\end{array}}\right) \) is the n-th Delannoy number and \(q_p(2)=(2^{{p-1}}-1)/p\) is the Fermat quotient.

     

BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF SINGULARLY PERTURBED INTEGRO－DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

ＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＶＡＬＵＥＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＳＯＦＳＩＮＧＵＬＡＲＬＹＰＥＲＴＵＲＢＥＤＩＮＴＥＧＲＯ－ＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＩＡＬＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＳＺＨＯＵＱＩＮＤＥＭＩＡＯＳＨＵＭＥＩ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓ,ＪｉｌｉｎＵｎｉｖｅ...     

The combinatorial structure of (m,n)-convex sets

LetS be a closed subset of a Hausdorff linear topological space,S having no isolated points, and letc _s (m) denote the largest integern for whichS is (m,n)-convex. Ifc _s (k)=0 andc _s (k+1)=1, then $$ c_s \left( m \right) = \sum\limits_{i = 1}^k {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\left[ {\frac{{m + k - i}} {k}} \right]} \\ 2 \\ \end{array} } \right)} $$ . Moreover, ifT is a minimalm subset ofS, the combinatorial structure ofT is revealed.     

Analysis of uniform binary subdivision schemes for curve design

The paper analyses the convergence of sequences of control polygons produced by a binary subdivision scheme of the form

Projektive Skalen,Tschebyscheff-Polynome und Fibonacci-Zahlen

Summary. Let $\widehat{\widehat T}_n$ and $\overline U_n$ denote the modified Chebyshev polynomials defined by $\widehat{\widehat T}_n (x) = {T_{2n + 1} \left(\sqrt{x + 3 \over 4} \right) \over \sqrt{x + 3 \over 4}}, \quad \overline U_{n}(x) = U_{n} \left({x + 1 \over 2}\right) \qquad (n \in \mathbb{N}_{0},\ x \in \mathbb{R}).$ For all $n \in \mathbb{N}_{0}$ define $\widehat{\widehat T}_{-(n + 1)} = \widehat{\widehat T}_n$ and $\overline U_{-(n + 2)} = - \overline U_n$, furthermore $\overline U_{-1} = 0$. In this paper, summation formulae for sums of type $\sum\limits^{+\infty}_{k = -\infty} \mathbf a_{\mathbf k}(\nu; x)$ are given, where $\bigl(\mathbf a_{\mathbf k}(\nu; x)\bigr)^{-1} = (-1)^k \cdot \Bigl( x \cdot \widehat{\widehat T}_{\left[k + 1 \over 2\right] - 1} (\nu) +\widehat{\widehat T}_{\left[k + 1 \over 2\right]}(\nu)\Bigr) \cdot \Bigl(x \cdot \overline U_{\left[k \over 2\right] - 1} (\nu) + \overline U_{\left[k \over 2\right]} (\nu)\Bigr)$ with real constants $ x, \nu $. The above sums will turn out to be telescope sums. They appear in connection with projective geometry. The directed euclidean measures of the line segments of a projective scale form a sequence of type $(\mathbf a_{\mathbf k} (\nu;x))_{k \in \mathbb{Z}}$ where $ \nu $ is the cross-ratio of the scale, and x is the ratio of two consecutive line segments once chosen. In case of hyperbolic $(\nu \in \mathbb{R} \setminus] - 3,1[)$ and parabolic $\nu = -3$ scales, the formula $\sum\limits^{+\infty}_{k = -\infty} \mathbf a_{\mathbf k} (\nu; x) = {\frac{1}{x - q_{{+}\atop(-)}}} - {\frac{1}{x - q_{{-}\atop(+)}}} \eqno (1)$ holds for $\nu > 1$ (resp. $\nu \leq - 3$), unless the scale is geometric, that is unless $x = q_+$ or $x = q_-$. By $q_{\pm} = {-(\nu + 1) \pm \sqrt{(\nu - 1)(\nu + 3)} \over 2}$ we denote the quotient of the associated geometric sequence.