超高强度钢（35CrNi3Mo）化学成分标准物质研制

采用与超高强度钢,台炼过程相同的工艺制备了35CrNi3Mo化学成分标准物质。对标准物质的制备技术、均匀性检验、稳定性考察进行了分析。研制的35CrNi3Mo化学成分标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性。采用8家实验室进行协作定值,对定值结果的不确定度进行评定,各组分定值结果的相对扩展不确定度小于13％。     

α-Al_2O_3比表面积标准物质的研制

选择市售α-Al2O3粉体作为比表面积标准物质候选材料,采用交叉缩分方法对标准物质样品进行分装。检验结果表明α-Al2O3标准物质样品具有良好的均匀性和稳定性(18个月)。采用国际公认的氮气物理吸附BET方法,联合测量能力经过确认的8家实验室对α-Al2O3标准物质样品进行定值,标准值比表面积为5.47 m2/g,不确定度为0.22 m2/g(k=2)。     

辛基二茂铁同分异构体纯度标准物质的定值技术研究

(2-辛基)-二茂铁、(3-辛基)-二茂铁和(4-辛基)-二茂铁是辛基二茂铁主要的3种同分异构体,由分离工业品辛基二茂铁制备而来。目前国内外金属有机化合物的标准物质有限,对这3种异构体进行高精度定值比较困难。该文首先考察标准物质候选物的均匀性和稳定性;再确定其中各杂质种类,用杂质扣除法对各候选物进行定值,重点研究了气相色谱法对各候选物中有机杂质及有机溶剂的定值技术,评定了标准物质的不确定度,为相关物质在高新技术领域的应用奠定了基础。     

甲基对硫磷溶液标准物质的研制

采用重量–容量法研制了1.00 ng/μL甲基对硫磷农药标准物质,对研制的甲醇中甲基对硫磷溶液标准物质量值进行了均匀性和稳定性检验,对定值结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果表明,该标准物质均匀性良好,在一年内量值没有显著性变化,具有良好的稳定性,定值结果的相对扩展不确定度为3%(k=2)。该标准物质可用于农药残留测量结果的准确性评价。     

甲醇中微量水分标准物质的研制

用无水甲醇试剂研制了甲醇中微量水分标准物质,对研制的标准物质量值进行了均匀性和稳定性检验。结果表明,该标准物质均匀性良好,其量值在一年内无显著变化,具有较好的稳定性。采用与国家一级标准物质比较法进行定值,研制的甲醇中微量水分标准物质的定值结果为0.103%,相对扩展不确定度为3%(k=2)。该标准物质满足卡尔·费休水分测定仪检定校准的要求。     

锰纯度定值及其单元素溶液标准物质的研制

以高纯锰为原料研制锰单元素溶液标准物质。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法以及元素分析仪3种方法测定高纯锰中杂质元素的含量,并通过杂质扣除法确定了高纯锰的纯度为(99.95±0.04)%(k=2)。采用重量–容量法制备了锰单元素溶液标准物质,以配制值作为锰单元素溶液标准物质的标准值。对溶液标准物质的均匀性和稳定性进行了检验,其均匀性与稳定性良好。对标准物质的不确定度进行了评定。锰单元素溶液标准物质的浓度值为100μg/mL,相对扩展不确定度为0.8%(k=2)。该标准物质的量值准确,可用于锰元素的分析检测、检测方法评价与仪器校准。     

低介电玻璃纤维成分分析标准物质的研制

采用高温熔制工艺制得低介电玻璃纤维成分分析标准物质.对标准物质进行均匀性检验、稳定性考察,并采用多家协作定值的方式进行定值.研制的低介电玻璃纤维成分分析标准物质的均匀性、稳定性良好,量值准确可靠,该标准物质中SiO2、Al2O3、B2O3、MgO、CaO、BaO、Na2O、K2O的定值结果分别为49.59％、14.09...     

ITO成分分析标准物质的研制

研制3种掺杂铁、铜、铅、锌、钙、镁金属元素的氧化铟锡(ITO)成分分析标准物质。采用溶胶凝胶和共沉淀相结合的方法制备标准物质候选物,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对其进行均匀性、稳定性检验及定值分析。采用8家具有资质的实验室对研制的标准物质进行协作定值,对定值结果的不确定度进行评定。结果表明:研制的ITO成分分析标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,3种标准物质中氧化锡含量在1%~10%之间,相对扩展不确定度为0.7%~6.6%(k=2);6种掺杂元素含量在0.05%~0.30%之间,相对扩展不确定度为3.4%~11%(k=2)。     

GC–MS校准用异辛烷中八氟萘标准溶液的研制

采用重量–容量法研制了气相色谱–质谱(GC–MS)校准用100.1 pg/μL异辛烷中八氟萘溶液标准物质,分别用F检验和回归曲线法对研制的溶液标准物质进行了均匀性和稳定性检验,对定值结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果表明,研制的异辛烷中八氟萘溶液标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,定值结果的相对扩展不确定度为3%(k=2)。该标准物质可用于GC–MS联用仪的EI源及负CI源的信噪比校准。     

特种合金钢系列标准物质研制

介绍了特种合金钢系列标准物质的研制过程。采用合理的冶炼锻轧工艺,选取不同部位的样品进行均匀性检验,确定了15种元素的认定值及扩展不确定度,并进行了线性、一致性考察以及与国内外同类标准物质的比对。结果表明,本套特种合金钢系列标准物质的均匀性良好,定值准确且有良好的梯度分布。     

Matrix certified reference materials for environmental monitoring from the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ)

Matrix certified reference materials (CRMs) are playing an increasingly important role in environmental monitoring in Japan. The National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ)/National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) has been developing matrix CRMs for environmental monitoring since 2001, and has issued nine kinds of CRMs as NMIJ CRMs. The development of the CRMs was conducted in NMIJ in cooperation with candidate material producers. The isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) was principally adopted to give reliable certified values. Meanwhile, two or more analytical methods, whose levels of accuracy were well evaluated, were applied to avoid any possible analytical bias. Two typical certification processes, the certification of river water CRMs for trace element analysis and that of marine sediment CRMs for PCB and organochlorine pesticide analysis, are outlined as examples. Presented at -- “BERM-10” -- April 2006, Charleston, SC, USA.     

Towards the certification of the purity of calibrant reference materials for thyroid hormones: a chicken and egg dilemma

The certification of the purity of CRMs intended for calibration, where no other certified material already exists for comparison, raises principle questions on how to determine the purity of a "first" calibrant in the calibration hierarchy. We developed and certified two calibration CRMs for their purity in thyroid hormones taking into consideration inorganic residues, residual solvents and organic impurities detectable by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS. IRMM-468 was certified for a thyroxine (T(4)) mass fraction of 98.6+/-0.7% and IRMM-469 was certified for a 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T(3)) mass fraction of 97.1+/-0.7%. The approach we used aims to determine the purity of these two CRMs to the best of our knowledge and taking all scientific aspects properly into account for the estimation of an uncertainty related to the stated purity.     

碳增强效应与内标选择-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定高温合金中痕量碲

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法直接测定镍基高温合金中痕量碲,不需要对基体进行萃取等复杂的分离手段,通过对碳增敏剂与内标选择等因素进行优化,同时降低了多原子离子的干扰。依照质量数和ICP指数的角度选择铑为内标,校正了测定过程中信号的漂移,乙醇作为增敏剂,确定了在线的内标和增敏剂的加入模式。方法提高了痕量碲的检测灵敏度,测定下限达到0.00004% (0.4 ppm)。为了验证该方法的有效性,对高温合金的标准物质(GBW01619-01620)进行了分析,测定值与认定值吻合良好,其中结果精密度试验RSD(n=3)<10%。     

Preparation and certification of the new reference materials; plastics (disk form, JSAC 0621-0625) for determination of mercury using x-ray fluorescent analysis.

The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry has developed some new plastic certified reference materials (CRMs) for the analysis of mercury in polyester disks using XRF analysis. These CRMs (named as JSAC 0621-0625) were prepared by casting polyesters including a toluene solution of organometallic compounds as a standard. Concentrations of the five levels of mercury ranged from 0 to 250 mg/kg. Homogeneity tests of prepared disks had shown excellent results. Interlaboratory comparison study for the certification was performed by 15 laboratory participants. The z-scores in robust statistical method was applied for the evaluation of outliers. The certified values were assigned after discarding outliers. The uncertainties of certified values were determined as the confidence levels of 95%.     

Trends in certified reference materials for the speciation of trace elements.

The measurement of the chemical species of elements (instead of the total element concentration) has become an irreversible trend in analytical chemistry. The motivation lies in the fact that the biochemical and geochemical behaviour of an element is governed by its species. Quality assurance of the analytical procedures used for speciation analysis requires the analysis of representative reference materials, certified for the relevant species. Up to now the number of existing certified reference materials for trace element species is very limited. The most important ones are environmental CRMs certified for trialkyltin compounds, methylmercury, Cr(III)/Cr(VI) and food CRMs certified for arsenic species and methylmercury. Major developments are to be expected in CRMs focussed on environmental problems, including waste treatment, on bioavailability of trace elements in food and on bio-monitoring in occupational health and hygiene. It is, however, unlikely that the producers of CRMs will ever be able to cover all needs. Add to this that many, very active species are notoriously unstable and/or short living and require in-situ analysis. This will lead to different analytical developments, such as analyses in-situ, where the classical concept of CRMs may not stand firm anymore.     

Trends in certified reference materials for the speciation of trace elements

The measurement of the chemical species of elements (instead of the total element concentration) has become an irreversible trend in analytical chemistry. The motivation lies in the fact that the biochemical and geochemical behaviour of an element is governed by its species. Quality assurance of the analytical procedures used for speciation analysis requires the analysis of representative reference materials, certified for the relevant species. Up to now the number of existing certified reference materials for trace element species is very limited. The most important ones are environmental CRMs certified for trialkyltin compounds, methylmercury, Cr(III)/Cr(VI) and food CRMs certified for arsenic species and methylmercury. Major developments are to be expected in CRMs focussed on environmental problems, including waste treatment, on bioavailability of trace elements in food and on bio-monitoring in occupational health and hygiene. It is, however, unlikely that the producers of CRMs will ever be able to cover all needs. Add to this that many, very active species are notoriously unstable and/or short living and require in-situ analysis. This will lead to different analytical developments, such as analyses in-situ, where the classical concept of CRMs may not stand firm anymore.     

3系铸造铝合金光谱与化学分析标准样品的研制

研制了按Si,Fe,Cu,Mg,Mn,Zn,Sn,Pb,Ni,Ti,Cr,Sr,Ga,Zr,Be,Sb 16种元素技术指标呈系列化分布的3系铸造铝合金光谱与化学分析用标准样品。采用500 kg中频感应炉冶炼、连续铸造、均热挤压工艺,确保了标准样品的均匀性。多家权威实验室用准确可靠的分析方法确定了该16个元素的标准值和不确定度。经考察,该套标准样品除Sb外,15个元素标准曲线的线性关系均良好,线性相关系数均在99%以上。用直线拟合法于4年内对标准样品的稳定性考察5次,结果表明4年内其稳定性良好。该系列标准样品填补了国内外同类标准样品的空白,已被国家检验检疫总局和国家标准化管理委员会批准为国家级标准样品。     

含磷元素铸造铝合金光谱分析标准样品的研制

介绍含磷元素铸造铝合金光谱分析标准样品的制备工艺、数据处理及定值结果。采用分步调整化学成分法调整标准样品中化学成分的含量,用极差法进行均匀性检验,多家实验室协同定值。研制出的标准样品经过生产试用分析,达到设计指标,可满足分析含磷元素铸造铝合金中磷的需要。