共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 609 毫秒
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本文报道了在超高真空环境下用光学二次谐波方法研究氧在多晶银表面的解离过程。实验表明,氧的吸附对表面非线性电流即对描述非线性电流的唯象参数a,b有很大影响。文中采用一个简单的模型来描述这种影响,模型与实验结果符合较好。 相似文献
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黄多辉 《原子与分子物理学报》2011,28(1)
采用第一原理方法计算了O2分子在 Mo(001) 表面的吸附,得到了吸附构型的各种参数,并且计算了O2分子在 Mo(001) 表面4个位置(顶位,桥位,穴位垂直,穴位平行)吸附后的能量,结果表明在顶位吸附能最高。通过对O2分子在 Mo(001) 表面吸附的原子轨道电荷分布与态密度图的分析可以看出在吸附过程中主要是O原子的2p轨道电子与钼的4s和4d轨道电子的相互作用。 相似文献
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采用分子动力学方法系统地研究了从常温常压到超临界状态乙醇的热力学性质、结构性质和动力学性质.模拟发现随着温度的升高,体系焓值增大,乙醇分子间的氢键作用减弱,自扩散系数增大;随着压强的增大,乙醇分子间的氢键作用增强,自扩散系数减小;乙醇自扩散系数在液相区随温度变化不明显,在气相区随压强增大很快减小,超临界区乙醇的自扩散系数比液相区大十几倍.温度和压强对乙醇自扩散系数的影响可通过密度来体现.与常温常压相比,超临界条件下的乙醇体系因密度涨落存在分子聚集现象,且在低密度区域更显著;乙醇分子间的氢键作用明显减弱,结 相似文献
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Surface defects are commonly believed to be fundamentally important to gas-sensor performance. We examine the effect of gas coverage and ethanol orientation on its adsorption on the stoichiometric and oxygen deficient (101(-)0) nanowire surface. Our density functional theory calculations show that ethanol adsorbs in multiple stable configurations at coverages between 1/4 and 1 ML, highlighting the ability of ZnO to detect ethanol. Ethanol prefers to bind to a surface Zn via the adsorbate oxygen atom and, if a surface oxygen atom is in close proximity, the molecule is further stabilized by formation of a hydrogen bond between the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group and the surface oxygen. Two primary adsorption configurations were identified and have different binding strengths that could be distinguished experimentally by the magnitude of their OH stretching frequency. Our findings show that ethanol adsorbed on the oxygen deficient ZnO(101(-)0) surface has a reduced binding strength. This is due to either the lack of a hydrogen bond (due to a deficiency in surface oxygen) or to surface reconstruction that occurs on the defect surface that weakens the hydrogen bond interaction. This reduced binding on the oxygen deficient surface is in contrast to the defect enhanced gas-sensor interaction for other gases. Despite this difference, ethanol still acts as a reducing gas, donating electrons to the surface and decreasing the band gap. We show that multiple adsorbed ethanol molecules prefer to be orientated parallel to each other to facilitate the hydrogen bonding to the defect-free surface for enhanced interaction. 相似文献
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M. Bowker R. P. Holroyd R. G. Sharpe J. S. Corneille S. M. Francis D. W. Goodman 《Surface science》1997,370(2-3):113-124
The adsorption and decomposition of ethanol on Pd(110) has been studied by use of a molecular beam reactor and temperature programmed desorption. It is found that the major pathway for ethanol decomposition occurs via a surface ethoxy to a methyl group, carbon monoxide and hydrogen adatoms. The methyl groups can either produce methane (which they do with a high selectivity for adsorption below 250 K) or can further decompose (which they do with a high selectivity for adsorption above 350 K) resulting in surface carbon. If adsorption occurs above 250 K a high temperature (450 K) hydrogen peak is observed in TPD, resulting from the decomposition of stable hydrocarbon fragments. A competing pathway also exists which involves C---O bond scission of the ethoxy, probably caused by a critical ensemble of palladium atoms at steps, defects or due to a local surface reconstruction. The presence of oxygen does not significantly alter the decomposition pathway above 250 K except that water and, above 380 K, carbon dioxide are produced by reaction of the oxygen adatoms with hydrogen adatoms and adsorbed carbon monoxide respectively. Below 250 K, some ethanol can form acetate which decomposes around 400 K to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen. 相似文献
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利用三维分子动力学模拟方法,研究了纳米尺度水滴撞击冷壁面的结冰过程.数值模拟中,统计系统采用微正则系综,势能函数选用TIP4P/ice模型,温度校正使用速度定标法,牛顿运动方程的求解采用文莱特算法,水滴内部结冰过程则通过统计垂直方向水分子温度分布来判定.研究发现,当冷壁面温度降低时,水滴完全结冰的时间减小,但水滴降至壁面温度的时间却增大;同时随着壁面亲水性降低,水滴内部热传递速度减慢(尤其是冷壁面与水滴底端分子层间),水滴内部温度趋于均匀,但水滴完全结冰时间延长. 相似文献
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J.J. Pireaux M. Chtaïb J.P. Delrue P.A. Thiry M. Liehr R. Caudano 《Surface science》1984,141(1):211-220
Tentative adsorption on clean gold (110) and (111) crystals of molecular oxygen in the pressure range 10 ?10 to 10 ?5 Torr, at a temperature varying between 100 and 800 K is reported together with the subsequent characterization of the surfaces by High Resolution Electron Energy Loss, Auger and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopies. It is found that oxygen does not adsorb in these UHV conditions, except when a contaminant is present on the surface. Such an interaction with a low level silicon impurity is described. 相似文献
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超分子组合流体室温磷光现象(Ⅱ)—醇对环糊精/碘代乙基联 … 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
在外部重原子微拢剂溴代环己烷存在下,β-CD/碘代乙基联苯体系可发射一定强度的室温磷光信号,若丁醇作为第四组分存在,则能显著提高体系的室温磷光发射强度。研究了该体系室温磷光发射的适宜条件和多种醇、不同环糊精及其衍生物的影响。认为β-CD/碘代乙基联苯/溴代环乙烷/丁醇体系属于一种超分子组合的发光体系,醇的作用属典型的分子调控作用。β-CD/碘代乙基联苯/溴代环乙烷形成主、客三元包结物,可醇则利用其 相似文献
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采用非平衡分子动力学方法,研究由Frenkel-Kontorova模型构建的非对称双链分子结构体系,并考察了温度、链内耦合强度、链间耦合强度以及系统尺寸对体系的热整流效应的影响. 研究表明,低温下非对称双链体系表现出热整流效应;在一定的范围内,链间的耦合和链内的耦合强度越强,体系的热整流效果就越好;随着系统尺寸的增大,热整流效率先减小后增加,最后达到稳定. 非对称双链结构的链接粒子的功率谱行为与单链情形相似,其可以用于对热整流效应的解释.
关键词:
双链分子结构
热整流
Frenkel-Kontorova模型
链间相互作用 相似文献
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使用英国爱丁堡FLS920P荧光光谱仪,对甲醇、乙醇的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱进行实验检测,得到二者的光谱特征参数。分别采用密度泛函理论(DFT)和单激发组态相互作用(CIS)对二者分子的基态和激发态结构进行优化,并比较两种分子在不同能态下的差异。应用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)的不同泛函结合极化连续介质模型(PCM)在6-31++G(d, p)水平上分别计算了二者的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱,与实验结果吻合。分析了甲醇、乙醇荧光产生机理,同时分析了不同泛函对于计算光谱的影响。结果表明:甲醇、乙醇在紫外波段有微弱吸收,在紫外激发下能产生拉曼峰和微弱的荧光峰。甲醇、乙醇的吸收光谱是由里德堡激发产生,产生荧光的轨道跃迁为σ*→π*。泛函OLYP能够较好地重现实验吸收能,而泛函MPWK能够较好地重现实验发射能,并且发现不同的纯泛函计算跃迁能也具有差异性。结果可为醇类分子的分子特性研究提供参考。 相似文献
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利用分子动力学方法建立了硬质合金基底金刚石涂层膜基界面模型, 并采用Morse势函数和Tersoff势函数相互耦合的方法来表征模型内原子间的相互作用关系, 在此基础上对不同温度(0–800 K)条件下硬质合金基底金刚石涂层膜基界面的力学性能进行了分子动力学仿真计算. 结果表明: 当温度由0 K上升到800 K的过程中, 金刚石涂层膜基界面拉伸强度呈下降趋势, 并且在0–300 K范围内下降趋势明显, 在300–800 K范围内下降趋势缓和; 体系能量随温度的变化具有相同的下降趋势. 相似文献
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The structural and dynamic properties of nanoscale ethanol film on a mica surface are investigated via molecular dynamics simulations.We observe a dense,almost flat ethanol bilayer formed in the vicinity of the mica surface,with the hydrophobic alkyl groups pointing outward from the surface.Remarkably,such ethanol bilayer is laterally well-ordered with patterned adsorption sites.Each ethanol molecule in the first layer donates one hydrogen bond to the surface basal oxygen atoms and accepts one hydrogen bond from that in the second layer.The ethanol molecules within the bilayer exhibit constrained lateral mobility and delayed dynamics as compared with bulk ethanol,whereas those on top of the bilayer have bulk-like characteristics. 相似文献