氧化石墨烯/硫杂杯芳烃复合材料富集分离-石墨炉原子吸收法测定痕量铊

自制了一种新型氧化石墨烯/硫杂杯芳烃复合材料,用扫描电镜、红外光谱、元素分析、热分析对合成产品进行表征,用于痕量铊的富集,提出了氧化石墨烯/硫杂杯芳烃复合材料分离预富集,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铊的一种新方法,探讨了溶液pH值、温度、洗脱条件及干扰离子对痕量铊分离富集的影响,结果发现该材料对Tl3+具有较大吸附量。在pH 8.0,温度为(23±1)℃条件下,铊可被该材料定量吸附,其吸附容量为73.1 mg/g。吸附的铊可被5.0 mL酸性硫脲(0.5 mol/L HCl+1.0 mol/L硫脲)完全洗脱,方法的线性范围为0.012~15μg/L,检出限(3σ)为0.008μg/L,对0.50μg/L Tl3+工作液测定的RSD(n=7)为2.3%,加标回收率为93.6%~104.1%。此法用于生物样品和环境水样中痕量铊的测定,结果满意。     

固相萃取-离子色谱法测定地下水中痕量高氯酸根离子

建立了测定地下水中痕量高氯酸根（ClO~4）的固相萃取-离子色谱(SPE-IC)分析方法。0.7 L水样经预处理降低主要干扰离子Cl~、CO2~3和SO2~4的干扰后,使用Cleanert PWAX弱阴离子交换固相萃取小柱对地下水中痕量(μg/L级)的ClO~4进行富集,用6 mL 1%NaOH溶液洗脱,富集液经0.45 μm水膜过滤后,用IonPac AS20阴离子分离柱、50 μL进样环、40 mmol/L KOH溶液淋洗、抑制电导检测分离分析。结果表明,地下水样品中ClO~4的方法检出限和测定下限分别为0.15 μg/L和0.60 μg/L,进样质量浓度在1～15 μg/L范围内有很好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9992,回收率为99.7%～100.5%;该方法经济有效,可用于地下水中痕量ClO~4的检测。利用该方法测定了哈尔滨周边部分地区地下水中ClO~4浓度,检测结果与离子色谱-质谱联用法的检测结果的相对误差为1.85%～9.24%。     

纳米二氧化钛对痕量铅的吸附性能研究

提出了纳米TiO2分离富集, 火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铅的新方法.考察了铅在纳米TiO2上的吸附动力学、最佳酸度和吸附容量.实验结果表明：在最佳实验条件下,纳米TiO2能定量、快速地吸附水中的痕量Pb^2＋,其静态吸附容量为17.90 mg/g.吸附在纳米TiO2上的Pb^2＋可用0.1 mol/L HNO3＋0.1 mol/L CH3COOH完全洗脱.对Pb2＋的检出限为2.57 ng/mL, 相对标准偏差为2.5% （n=11, ρ=0.10 μg/mL）,加标回收率在94.5%～102.5%之间.可用于实际水样中铅的测定.     

纳米SiO_2分离富集-火焰原子吸收法测定水中痕量银

研究了纳米SiO_2分离富集-火焰原子吸收法测定水中痕量银的新方法.考察了溶液pH、吸附时间、洗脱条件和干扰离子等因素对Ag~+分离富集的影响,确定了纳米SiO_2对Ag~+吸附的最佳条件.结果表明:在pH 4.1时,纳米SiO_2能定量吸附银,吸附在纳米SiO_2上的Ag~+可用0.5 mol/L HCl+0.5 mol/L硫脲定量洗脱.该法对银的检出限为0.77 ng/mL(3σ,n=11);线性范围为0.005～1.5μg/mL,对0.5μg/mL的Ag~+标液进行7次测定,RSD为3.6%,回收率在94.0%～101.5%之间;方法可用于环境水样中痕量银的测定.     

中孔分子筛SBA-15-NH2 分离富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定烟花中痕量钯的研究与应用

建立了中孔分子筛SBA-15-NH2分离富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量钯的新方法,探讨了中孔分子筛SBA-15-NH2材料吸附钯的原理和最佳条件.在pH 3.0、温度为(15±1) ℃的条件下,钯可被该材料定量吸附,其吸附容量为1.21 mg/g.吸附的钯用饱和硫脲溶液洗脱,并用火焰原子吸收法测定洗脱的钯.该方法测定钯的检出限为0.59 μg/L(3σ,n=11),线性范围为0.002 ～1.2 mg/L,加标回收率为98% ～107%.对0.05 mg/L的Pd2+溶液平行测定7次,RSD为2.24%.方法用于烟花中痕量钯的测定,结果满意.     

泡沫塑料富集–石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊

采取微波消解的前处理手段消解样品,经泡沫塑料分离富集后,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊。以1.5 mL Fe3+,2 mL H2O2和5%王水介质作为吸附体系将样品中铊分离富集,再以硝酸钯、抗坏血酸作为基体改进剂进行测定。铊的质量浓度在0～50μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.999 7,方法的检出限可达0.07μg/g。测定结果的相对别准偏差为1.53%～4.01%(n=7),加标回收率为87.1%～98.3%。泡沫塑料富集–石墨炉子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊是一种准确、安全、便捷的检测方法。     

聚酰胺分离富集置换催化光度法测定痕量铊

研究了在 0 .15～ 0 .0 8mol/L的硫酸介质中 ,用铊 置换出Cu EDTA中的Cu ;Cu 催化溴酸钾氧化偶氮氯瞵 mA褪色的指示反应及其动力学条件 ,据此建立测定痕量铊 的新方法。在 5 5 0nm处 ,检出限为 1.32× 10 -9g/L ;测定范围为 0～ 6 0 0 μg/L ,用聚酰胺在盐酸或王水介质中分离富集样品中的铊 ,使方法的选择性大大提高。用于水及岩石样品中铊的测定 ,相对标准偏差小于 3.7% ;标准加入回收率 96 %～10 4 % ,获得满意结果。     

活性炭吸附-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤样品中铊

土壤试样用经盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸-氢氟酸混合酸溶解后,以活性炭吸附分离样品溶液中痕量铊,用热的草酸铵溶液进行淋洗分离,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中痕量铊。以0.06μg·L~(-1)氯化钯溶液作为基体改进剂,选择灰化温度、原子化温度分别为700℃和1 700℃。铊质量浓度在0.006～200μg·L~(-1)范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,方法检出限(3s/k)为0.2 pg。方法用于分析土壤样品,回收率在93.3%～106.2%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.6%～1.8%之间。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中BPA、NP和OP含量

采用国产新型D4020大孔吸附树脂自制固相萃取柱,研究了柱长、上样速度、样品溶液的pH、盐浓度等因素对壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A吸附率的影响,确定了最佳固相萃取条件,建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定水中痕量壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A的分析方法.该法双酚A、壬基酚和辛基酚的检出限分别为0.432 μg/L、0.998 μg/L和1.336 μg/L,回收率为91%～96%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5%～5.6%.方法简便快速、成本低廉,灵敏度高,准确度好,用于实际水样分析,取得满意结果.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定白洋淀水样中的邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物

建立了固相微萃取(SPME)-气相色谱法(GC)分析环境水样中痕量邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物(PAEs)的方法。选用100 μm聚二甲基硅烷(PDMS)萃取纤维,在磁力搅拌条件下,对水样中的PAEs萃取富集60 min,然后直接注入GC进样口,在250 ℃温度下解吸4 min后进行分析测定,13种PAEs能得到充分提取和分离。方法的重现性(以相对标准偏差(RSD)计为0.2%～9.7%,检出限为0.02～0.83 μg/L。将本方法应用于白洋淀水样中PAEs的分析检测发现,样品中邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)检出率相对较高。对水样进行两个浓度水平(2.5 μg/L和5.0 μg/L)的加标试验,加标回收率为75.3%～111.0%,RSD为2.1%～8.0%(n=3),能够满足环境水样中痕量PAEs的测定要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.