Nd1.67Sr0.33NiO4中的热导反常

报道了两个典型掺杂的镍氧化物Nd＿2-xSr＿xNiO＿4(x =0.33,1.35)的低温热导率、电阻率和低场交流磁化率，测试温区为77—300K. 在Nd＿2-xSr＿xNiO＿4 (x=0.33)样品的热导率-温度曲线上在电荷有序转 变温度（T＿CO）和自旋有序转变温度（T＿SO）附近分别观测到反常， 电荷有序使热导率在T＿CO以下有所增加，反铁磁自旋有序使热导率在T＿SO附近被压制. 在低场交流磁化率-温度曲线上也分别观测到对电荷有序和自旋有 序的响应，而在其电阻率-温度曲线上仅观测到电荷有序. 作为比较，Nd＿1.67Sr0.33NiO＿4样品中没有观测到输运性质和磁性质上的反常. 两个样品中声子热导占 主导地位. Nd＿1.67Sr0.33NiO＿4样品中电荷有序和自旋有序导致的热导 率的反常表明样品中存在强的电荷-声子和自旋-声子相互作用. 关键词： 热导率 电荷有序 自旋有序     

Nd0.5Ca0.5Mn1-xAlxO3 (x=0,0.03)体系中电荷有序态的超声研究

系统研究了Nd0．5Ca0．5Mn1-xAlxO3(x=0,0．03)单相多晶样品在低温下的电磁性质和超声特性．电阻和磁化率测量表明,Nd0．5Ca0.5O3体系在TCO-257 K处发生了电荷有序相变．超声声速从室温开始随着温度的降低逐渐减小,并在TCO附近达到最小,之后,随着温度的进一步降低,声速急刷增加,同时伴随着一个尖锐的超声衰减峰出现.TCO附近的超声异常表明体系中存在着强烈的电-声子相互作用,该电-声子耦合来源于Mn3 的Jahn-Teller效应．在低温下,出现了另一个超声衰减峰,它的出现归结为反铁磁相与顺磁相之间的相分离现象.随着Al在Mn位的掺入,超声声速的最低点和衰减峰向低温移动,表明体系中的电荷有序态和反铁磁相均被部分抑制,     

Nd0.3Sr0.7Mn1-xCrxO3(0.01≤x≤0.15)的低温热导率研究

报道Nd0.3Sr0.7Mn1-xCrxO3(0.01≤x≤0.15)的热导率在10~300K温区内随温度和Cr含量的变化关系.在所测温区,随着Cr掺杂的增加,样品热导率值整体上逐渐减小,但在x=0.15时,出现反弹.热导率值在绝缘体-金属转变附近有很大提高,这个提高随Cr含量的增加逐渐被压制,直到x=0.15消失.分析指出热导率在绝缘体-金属转变附近的提高是由声子热导率和自旋相关热导率两部分贡献的;Cr掺杂通过电荷、晶格和自旋相互作用影响和制约了热导率随温度的变化.结果表明体系中自旋对热导率的调制作用是不可忽略的.     

La_(2-x)Sr_xCuO_4单晶的各向异性热导率的测量

采用加热器和温差电偶搭建了低温热导率的稳态法测量装置,并研究了高温超导材料La_(2-x)Sr_xCuO_4(x=0.01~0.04)单晶的各向异性热导率.实验发现:热导率随温度的变化存在明显的声子峰,并且随着Sr掺杂量的增大,声子热导率逐渐被压制,声子峰的强度也逐渐变弱,该现象来源于掺杂引起的晶格无序度的增强.对于欠掺杂的样品,a方向的热导率总是比b方向的大,这可能源于自旋/电荷沿a轴方向形成准一维的条纹状分布,而准一维的条纹结构会对b方向传导的声子产生额外的散射作用.     

磁场对La2－xSrxCuO4单晶热导的影响研究

报道了系列欠掺杂La_2-xSr_xCuO₄（x=0063,0070,0 090,0110,0125）单晶的零场和加磁场情况下ab面和c方向的热导率与温度的关系曲线，测量 温度范围从2到45K. 研究发现ab面和c方向的热导率都受到磁场的压制. 而且在磁场 的作用下，热导压制率随温度变化的关系和场致反铁磁有序的增强与温度的依赖关系有高度 相似性. 认为磁场引起的ab面的热导压制主要是电子热导的变化所致，而c方向的 压制则可能主要来源于声子热导的变化，它们均可能与磁场诱导下欠掺杂La_2-x Sr_xCuO₄的某种电荷有序和磁有序的增强密切相关. 关键词： 热导 电荷有序 磁有序     

钙钛矿型锰氧化物(La_(0.8)Eu_(0.2))_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7的磁性和电性研究

采用传统固相反应法制备钙钛矿型锰氧化物(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7多晶样品,X-射线衍射分析表明,样品(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7结构呈现良好的单相.通过磁化强度随温度的变化曲线(M-T)、不同温度下磁化强度随磁场的变化曲线(M-H)和电子自旋共振谱发现:在300 K以下,随着温度的降低,样品先后经历了二维短程铁磁有序转变(T2D C≈282K)、三维长程铁磁有序转变(T3D C≈259K)、奈尔转变(T N≈208K)和电荷有序转变(T CO≈35K);样品(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7在T N以下,主要处于反铁磁态;在T3D C达到370 K时,样品处于铁磁-顺磁共存态,在370 K以上时样品进入顺磁态.此外,分析电阻率随温度的变化曲线(ρ-T)得到:样品在金属-绝缘转变温度(T P≈80K)附近出现最大磁电阻值,其位置远离T3D C,表现出非本征磁电阻现象,其磁电阻值约为61%.在T CO以下,电阻率出现明显增长,这是由于温度下降使原本在高温部分巡游的e g电子开始自发局域化增强所致.通过对(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7的ρ-T曲线拟合,发现样品在高温部分的导电方式基本遵循小极化子的导电方式.     

La1.88-yNdySr0.12CuO4中电荷有序的超声衰减研究

通过对La1.88-yNdySr0.12CuO4系列多晶样品电阻率的测量,发现y=0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6样品的电阻率随着温度降低在50～80K之间出现一个小于5%的跳跃转变,转变前其导电行为呈金属性,转变后呈半导体性,暗示了体系中静态电荷有序的产生.随着Nd掺杂量y的增加,转变温度Tc0升高,跳跃转变宽度变窄.进一步的超声衰减测量显示,对应电荷有序温度Tc0,声速随温度降低开始出现异常硬化,衰减系数也出现峰值,随y的增加,衰减峰明显加强.实验结果表明, Nd掺杂的增加利于钉扎体系中的动态电荷关联而形成静态的电荷有序.这种作用可能主要是由于Nd掺杂引起体系局域结构畸变,低温四方相(LTT)结构畴比例增加并得以稳定引起的,说明LTT相利于静态电荷有序条纹的形成.     

La2CuO4掺锌样品的低温电阻率与热导率研究

对La2CuO4掺锌样品在不同降温速率下(330K保温30min后,分别以6Kh和02Ks的速率冷却至42K)电阻率(42—330K)和热导率(80—300K)随温度的变化关系进行了研究.实验结果表明,在不同降温速率下,热导率和电阻率都受到很大影响.快速降温过程使得130K以上的热导率减小,而热导率最小值出现在130K,且与降温速率无关.而低温下的热导率不受降温速率变化的影响.样品在高温区(T高于125K)电阻率随降温速率的增大而增大,低温区电阻率的非线性行为可用变程跳跃行为来描述.所有样品的热导率和电阻率在反铁磁相变温度都没有出现反常,这与能带理论框架下预期的结果和Anderson电荷自旋分离理论发生了矛盾,对此进行了讨论,并用极化子理论进行了自洽解释. 关键词： La2CuO4 热导率 电阻率     

Pr1/3Sr2/3FeO3中电荷有序现象的超声研究

系统研究了Pr1/3Sr2/3FeO3单相多晶样品在低温下的电荷输运性质和超声特性.电阻测量表明,Pr1/3Sr2/3FeO3在162K发生了电荷有序相变.而超声声速从室温开始就出现了明显的软化,在电荷有序温度附近达到最小值,随后又急剧硬化,同时伴随着一个巨大的衰减峰.分析指出这是由于电-声子相互作用导致的结果,该电-声子耦合可能起源于Fe4 的Jahn-Teller效应.     

Nd2-xSrxNiO4多晶输运性质的研究

研究了Nd2-xSrxNiO4多晶的输运性质.0< x0.5样品低温下的电阻率很好地满足变程跳跃公式,0.8x1.1样品在室温以上呈现金属性行为,随着温度降低出现金属-绝缘体转变,x=1.4样品的金属性从室温开始一直保持到14K. 用变程跳跃机制很好地解释了x=0.33样品的热电势-温度关系曲线.     

MnFeP_(0.45)As_(0.55)材料中的相变研究

利用不同的测量方法,研究了MnFeP1-xAsx(0·32相似文献   

SNR phase order k-space encoding (SPOKE)

A method of determining the phase-encode order for MR Fourier-encoded imaging is described, which provides an additional option for optimizing images from samples with signals that change during data acquisition. Examples are in hyperpolarized helium gas imaging of the lungs where polarization is lost with each RF pulse or the signal changes observed in rapid dynamic studies with T₁ or T₂* contrast agents when mixing is taking place. The method uses a single frequency-encoded projection in the proposed phase-encoding direction. The projection is subsequently sorted into signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) order. The indices of the sorted array are then used to create the phase-encode table to be used for the scan. This phase table is sorted in descending SNR order for signals that decrease during data acquisition and in ascending order for signals that increase during data acquisition. Simulations suggest that this technique can produce higher resolution than centric-ordered phase encoding at the expense of increased modulation (ghosting) artifact for dynamically changing signals. Initial practical implementation of the technique has been carried out on a dedicated 0.2-T Niche MR system, and the test object results agree well with simulations. Hyperpolarized 3-He lung images have also been acquired and postprocessed using the SNR phase order k-space encoding (SPOKE) methodology and show potential for improved imaging with high flip angles where polarization is rapidly lost. Applications may also be found for 3D volumetric acquisitions where two dimensions can be SPOKE encoded.     

Effect of charge order transition on tunneling resistance in Pr_(0.6)Ca_(0.4)MnO_3/Nb-doped SrTiO_3 heterojunction

An oxide p–n heterojunction composed of Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3film, with a charge order(CO) transition, and 1wt% Nbdoped SrTiO3substrate is fabricated, and the transport properties of the interface are experimentally studied. The rectifying behavior of the junction, well described by the Newman equation, is observed, indicating that tunneling is the dominant process by which the carriers pass through the interface. Above and below the CO transition temperature, satisfactory linear dependencies of junction resistance on temperature are observed, but the slopes of the two resistance-temperature relations are different. The CO process is believed to be relevant to this difference.     

Coupling between molecular chains and anions in (TMTTF)2X salts

Upon cooling the (TMTTF)₂X salts undergo transitions to various ordered states in the charge and spin degrees of freedom; these different ground states depend on the anions X. It turns out that the anions are not simple spacers between the TMTTF stacks, but their symmetry and size play an important role as well as the dipole moment and polarizability. Here we discuss the coupling between TMTTF-molecules and anions with different symmetries.     

Theoretical investigation of antiferroelectric (SmCA) subphases by hydrodynamical approach

We provide a hydrodynamical approach utilizing time dependent Landau-Ginzburg model (L-G) and the Cahn-Hilliard model (C-H) to investigate antiferroelectric liquid crystals (AFLCs) exhibiting different chiral phases between paraelectric smectic A (SmA^?) phase and antiferroelectric smectic C_A^? phase (SmC_A^?). Introducing conserved and non-conserved order parameters in C-H and L-G models, we have predicted the appearance of a chiral smectic C (SmC^?) phase and a ferrielectric SmC_FI1^? phase (three layers SmC_A^?) in an antiferroelectric phase sequence. The three layers periodicity for SmC_FI1^? phase is studied in detail with a non-uniform layer interactions among smectic layers with strong experimental support. Finally, we provide some theoretical basis for the non-uniformity of our proposed layer interactions.     

La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3(x=0.04,0.08,0.12)体系的电子自旋共振谱研究

用固相反应法制备了La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3(x=0.04,0.08,0.12)多晶材料,测量了样品的p～T曲线及ESR谱,对ESR谱的归一化强度和线宽进行了研究.结果表明:当x≤0.08时,ρ～T曲线出现弯折点,体系出现电荷有序(CO)相,体系随温度降低发生顺磁(PM)-电荷有序(CO)-反铁磁(AFM)变化;当x=0.12时,ρ～T曲线没有出现弯折点,CO相融化,自旋序主要是顺磁(PM),但存在CO相的残留.x≤0.08样品的线宽在高于Tco的温区几乎不随温度变化,体系处在顺磁态,铁磁关联较弱;在低于Tco的温区,电子的局域化程度增强,线宽随温度的降低而增加.     

How should one define a (weak) crystal?

We compare two proposals for the study of positional long-range order: one in terms of the spectrum of the translation operator, the other in terms of the Fourier spectrum. We point out that only the first one allows for the consideration of molecular, as opposed to atomic, (weakly) periodic structures. We illustrate this point on the Thue-Morse system.     

Lag projective synchronization in fractional-order chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems

In this Letter, a new lag projective synchronization for fractional-order chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems is proposed, which includes complete synchronization, anti-synchronization, lag synchronization, generalized projective synchronization. It is shown that the slave system synchronizes the past state of the driver up to a scaling factor. A suitable controller for achieving the lag projective synchronization is designed based on the stability theory of linear fractional-order systems and the pole placement technique. Two examples are given to illustrate effectiveness of the scheme, in which the lag projective synchronizations between fractional-order chaotic Rössler system and fractional-order chaotic Lü system, between fractional-order hyperchaotic Lorenz system and fractional-order hyperchaotic Chen system, respectively, are successfully achieved. Corresponding numerical simulations are also given to verify the analytical results.     

Discontinuity of the Magnetization in Diluted O(n)-Models

We study the annealed site-diluted versions of the classical O(n) Heisenberg ferromagnets. It is shown that if the temperature is low enough, then at some value of the chemical potential there is phase coexistence between a magnetized, high-density state (liquid-crystal state) and a low-density state (gaseous state) with no magnetic order.     

Density functional study of uranyl （VI） amidoxime complexes

Uranyl (VI) amidoxime complexes are investigated using relativistic density functional theory. The equilibrium structures, bond orders, and Mulliken populations of the complexes have been systematically investigated under a generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Comparison of (acet) uranyl amidoxime complexes ([UO₂(AO)_n]^2-n, 1 ≤ n ≤ 4) with available experimental data shows an excellent agreement. In addition, the U-O(1), U-O(3), C(1)-N(2), and C(3)-N(4) bond lengths of [UO₂(CH₃AO)₄]^2- are longer than experimental data by about 0.088, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.056 Å. The angles of N(3)-O(3)-U, O(2)-N(1)-C(1), N(3)-C(3)-N(4), N(4)-C(3)-C(4), and C(4)-C(3)-N(3) are different from each other, which are due to existing interaction between oxygen in uranyl and hydrogen in amino group. This interaction is found to be intra-molecular hydrogen bond. Studies on the bond orders, Mulliken charges, and Mulliken populations demonstrate that uranyl oxo group functions as hydrogen-bond acceptors and H atoms in ligands act as hydrogen-bond donors forming hydrogen bands within the complex.