1-乙胺基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐吸收CO_2的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)对离子液体1-乙胺基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([NH2e-mim][BF4])吸收CO_2的反应机理进行了研究.在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)计算水平下,对离子液体[NH2e-mim][BF4]的结构及与CO_2反应的中间体、过渡态和产物进行了全优化,获得了优化结构的构型参数、振动频率和热力学数据.利用自然键轨道(NBO)分析了离子液体[NH2e-mim][BF4]和CO_2的自然电荷布居.计算结果表明,通过阳离子[NH2e-mim]+自偶解离产生的阳离子[NH3e-mim]2+能与阴离子[BF4]-结合形成更强的离子键.根据反应吉布斯自由能变(ΔG0—)和焓变(ΔH0—)的计算结果,判断离子液体[NH2e-mim][BF4]吸收CO_2按理论摩尔比2∶1分步进行反应,吸收过程中质子的转移需克服52.51 k J/mol的能垒.     

辣根过氧化物酶在亲水性离子液体中的活性与稳定性研究

基于辣根过氧化物酶对过氧化氢氧化愈创木酚这个显色反应的催化作用,研究了辣根过氧化物酶在七种亲水性离子液体[C2mim][BF4]、[C4mim][BF4]、[C6mim][BF4]、[C4mim]HSO4、[C4mim]Cl、[C4mim]NO3、[C4mim][CF3CO2]中的活性与稳定性变化.结果表明辣根过氧化物酶在不同离子液体中均有不同程度的失活,辣根过氧化物酶活性随离子液体极性增强而降低.辣根过氧化物酶在含[C4mim]Cl离子液体的介质中,随着温度升高,[C4mim]Cl对辣根过氧化物酶的失活过程起加速作用,离子液体浓度越高,酶的热稳定性越差.紫外-可见光谱研究表明,在含[Cnmim][BF4]、[C4mim]HSO4、[C4mim]Cl、[C4mim]NO3的介质中,辣根过氧化物酶血红素中心最大吸收峰没有发生变化,但吸收值增强,证明离子液体使酶的血红素基团暴露于介质中而增强了吸收;而在含[C4mim][CF3CO2]的介质中,辣根过氧化物酶血红素基团最大吸收峰区发生蓝移,证明有部分血红素基团被离子液体破坏而脱落.     

Bronsted酸性离子液体催化酯化反应研究

合成了以2-吡咯烷酮和N-甲基咪唑为阳离子([Hnhp] [Hmim] ),HSO4-,H2PO4-和BF4-为阴离子的一系列Br(o)Pnsted酸性离子液体.考察了这些离子液体的热稳定性和酸性.以乙酸和异戊醇酯化合成乙酸异戊酯的反应考察了不同离子液体分别在不分水与分水条件下的催化效果,结果表明.不分水时,当醇/酸/[Hnhp]HSO4物质的量比为1.2∶1∶0.2,100℃下回流反应2 h,酯收率可达93.6%,反应结束后[Hnhp]HSO4体系可以顺利分相,[Hnhp]BF4则不能;分水时,[Hnhp]BF4可与酯自动分相,当醇/酸/[Hnhp]BF4物质的量比为1.2∶1∶0.01,120℃下回流反应1.5 h时,酯收率可达96.8%,比相同条件下[Hnhp]HSO4的略高.这两种体系中的离子液体均具有良好的重复使用性能.实验中还探讨了不同离子液体的酸性和催化酯化反应后与酯产物的分相效果对其催化活性的影响,结果表明,离子液体的酸性和与酯的不可混溶性对其在不同体系中酯化反应的催化活性有不同程度的影响.此外,在上述不分水酯化条件(醇∶酸∶催化剂物质的量比均为1.2∶1∶0.2,100℃油浴)下回流浸渍6 h比较离子液体[Hnhp]HSO4/BF4,[Hmim]HSO4/BF4和硫酸对奥氏体316不锈钢的腐蚀性,测得离子液体腐蚀率比硫酸低;除了[Hnhp]BF4,离子液体[Hnhp]HSO4,[Hmim]HSO4和[Hmim]BF4的腐蚀性呈现随酸性递减而下降的趋势.所测离子液体中[Hnhp]BF4腐蚀性最高.[Hnhp]BF4和硫酸中试样的腐蚀率分别为20.1和41.8g/(m2·h).     

离子液体-乙腈混合溶剂中电催化CO2与甲醇合成碳酸二甲酯

常温常压下分别在离子液体 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([bmim]BF4)-MeCN混合溶剂和纯MeCN溶剂中研究了CO2在Cu电极上的循环伏安行为. 结果表明, CO2均发生不可逆还原反应生成CO-2. 与纯MeCN溶剂相比,在混合溶剂中CO2还原峰电位均有正移. 这表明溶剂中的咪唑型离子液体对活化CO2有催化作用. 在混合溶剂中,以CO2和MeOH为原料合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC), 考察了[bmim]BF4/MeCN体积比、工作电极材料、 MeOH浓度和电解电位等对DMC产物收率的影响. 与其他DMC合成方法相比,本法反应条件温和、设备简单、合成产物收率较高. 在优化的条件下, DMC产物收率可达79.6%. 并提出了合成DMC可能的反应机理.     

一种室温离子液体与水相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

采用量子化学计算中的密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)计算水平上研究了离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Emim]BF4)及其与水分子形成的复合物的稳定构型和相互作用能;经振动频率分析得到了[Emim]BF4及其与水的复合物的红外光谱.计算结果表明,相对于水分子与阳离子的作用而言,水分子与阴离子的作用对离子液体结构的影响更大.与此同时,实验测得的[Emim]BF4的红外光谱与计算结果吻合.     

咪唑类离子液体混合物吸收CO2性能研究

结合常规离子液体和功能型离子液体在吸收CO₂方面的优势,将两类咪唑类离子液体进行混合,对其吸收CO₂的效果和再生性能进行了实验研究。结果表明,两类咪唑类离子液体混合后流动性明显改善,与CO₂接触气液传质顺畅;常规离子液体[bmim][BF₄]和[bmim][Tf₂N]与胺功能型离子液体[NH₂e-mim][BF₄]混合物较单一的离子液体吸收CO₂的量大,[bmim][CH₃CO₂]与[NH₂e-mim][BF₄]混合后较单一的[bmim][CH₃CO₂]吸收量有明显的减低;随着常规咪唑类离子液体阳离子碳链增长,混合离子液体吸收CO₂的效果变强;与胺乙基功能型离子液体混合吸收CO₂时,阴离子为[Tf₂N]的常规咪唑类离子液体要比阴离子为[BF₄]的吸收效果好;离子液体混合物吸收CO₂后经再生循环利用10次,混合物质量基本不变,循环使用后吸收CO₂性能为初始吸收性能的75%~85%。     

含胺功能基团离子液体吸收CO2的研究

分别采用传统的加热回流法和微波反应法合成溴化1-(2-胺乙基)-3-甲基咪唑([NH2e-mim]Br)功能离子液体,并对其进行CO2吸收实验.实验结果表明:与加热回流法相比,微波法极大地节省反应时间,且产率高达91.8%.通过吸收和解吸实验发现,在常压298 K的温度下,[NH2e-mim]Br 吸收CO2的物质的量...     

酸性离子液体的合成和光谱表征

合成了基于N-甲基咪唑、2-吡咯烷酮阳离子的两个Br nsted酸性离子液体系列:[Hmim]HSO4/BF4、[Hnhp]HSO4/BF4以及两种—SO3H功能化酸性离子液体1-(3-磺酸基)丙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐([C3SO3Hmim]HSO4)、N-(3-磺酸基)丙基吡咯烷酮硫酸氢盐([C4SO4Hnnp]HSO4)。其中,[Hnhp]HSO4/BF4,[C4SO4Hnnp]HSO4是本实验设计合成的新型酸性离子液体,而咪唑类离子液体用于对照。上述6种离子液体均以核磁共振、电喷雾质谱、红外光谱和紫外光谱分析法对结构加以表征并确认;并以它们作为溶剂和催化剂对乙酸、乙醇酯化反应进行初步试验,结果表明所合成的新型酸性离子液体(尤其是引入磺酸基的)是酯化反应较理想的绿色液体酸催化剂。     

Brönsted酸性离子液体催化酯化反应研究

合成了以2-吡咯烷酮和N-甲基咪唑为阳离子([Hnhp]＋和[Hmim]＋), , 和 为阴离子的一系列Brönsted酸性离子液体. 考察了这些离子液体的热稳定性和酸性. 以乙酸和异戊醇酯化合成乙酸异戊酯的反应考察了不同离子液体分别在不分水与分水条件下的催化效果, 结果表明, 不分水时, 当醇/酸/[Hnhp]HSO4物质的量比为1.2∶1∶0.2, 100 ℃下回流反应2 h, 酯收率可达93.6%, 反应结束后[Hnhp]HSO4体系可以顺利分相, [Hnhp]BF4则不能; 分水时, [Hnhp]BF4可与酯自动分相, 当醇/酸/[Hnhp]BF4物质的量比为1.2∶1∶0.01, 120 ℃下回流反应1.5 h时, 酯收率可达96.8%, 比相同条件下[Hnhp]HSO4的略高. 这两种体系中的离子液体均具有良好的重复使用性能. 实验中还探讨了不同离子液体的酸性和催化酯化反应后与酯产物的分相效果对其催化活性的影响, 结果表明, 离子液体的酸性和与酯的不可混溶性对其在不同体系中酯化反应的催化活性有不同程度的影响. 此外, 在上述不分水酯化条件(醇∶酸∶催化剂物质的量比均为1.2∶1∶0.2, 100 ℃油浴)下回流浸渍6 h比较离子液体[Hnhp]HSO4/BF4, [Hmim]HSO4/BF4和硫酸对奥氏体316不锈钢的腐蚀性, 测得离子液体腐蚀率比硫酸低; 除了[Hnhp]BF4, 离子液体[Hnhp]HSO4, [Hmim]HSO4和[Hmim]BF4的腐蚀性呈现随酸性递减而下降的趋势. 所测离子液体中[Hnhp]BF4腐蚀性最高. [Hnhp]BF4和硫酸中试样的腐蚀率分别为20.1和41.8 g/(m2•h).     

醇与离子液体二元双水相体系萃取盐酸多西环素

基于小分子醇双水相体系和离子液体双水相体系,建立了正丙醇与亲水性离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸[Bmim]BF4和(NH4)2SO4形成的二元双水相体系萃取盐酸多西环素的新方法。考察了(NH4)2SO4含量、正丙醇用量、pH值、离子液体含量以及盐酸多西环素含量对盐酸多西环素分配行为的影响。结果表明:当醇和离子液体二元双水相体系的pH值在4.0～5.0范围内,(NH4)2SO4含量为34%,且盐酸多西环素的质量浓度在25～95 mg/L之间时,该体系对盐酸多西环素的萃取率可达90.26%～95.71%,分配系数可达62.452～149.401。     

Observation of cysteine thiolate and -S...H-O intermolecular hydrogen bond

The cysteine anion was produced in the gas phase by electrospray ionization and investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy at low temperature (70 K). The cysteine anion was found to exhibit the thiolate form [-SCH2CH(NH2)CO2H], rather than the expected carboxylate form [HSCH2CH(NH2)CO2-]. This observation was confirmed by two control experiments, that is, methyl cysteine [CH3SCH2CH(NH2)CO2-] and cysteine methyl ester [-SCH2CH(NH2)CO2CH3]. The electron binding energy of [-SCH2CH(NH2)CO2H] was measured to be about 0.7 eV blue-shifted relative to [-SCH2CH(NH2)CO2CH3] due to the formation of an intramolecular -S-...HO2C- hydrogen bond in the cysteine thiolate. Theoretical calculations at the CCSD(T)/6-311++G(2df,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(2df,p) levels were carried out to estimate the strength of this intramolecular -S-...HO2C- hydrogen bond. Combining experimental measurements and theoretical calculations yielded an estimated value of 16.4 +/- 2.0 kcal/mol for the -S-...HO2C- intramolecular hydrogen-bond strength.     

Quantum chemical modeling of the reduction of cis-diammineplatinum(IV) tetrachloride [Pt(NH3)2Cl4] by methyl thiolate anion

We present here both an ab initio and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) study of the cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl4] complex reduction by methyl thiolate anion, SCH(-3), which is used as a model of glutathione. Geometry and electronic structure of cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl4] are determined without and in aqueous medium. The mechanism of the reaction of reduction is characterized. The calculated activation energy of the reaction compares remarkably well with the experimental value.     

Investigating CN- cleavage by three-coordinate M[N(R)Ar]3 complexes

Three-coordinate Mo[N((t)Bu)Ar]3 binds cyanide to form the intermediate [Ar((t)Bu)N]3Mo-CN-Mo[N((t)Bu)Ar]3 but, unlike its N2 analogue which spontaneously cleaves dinitrogen, the C-N bond remains intact. DFT calculations on the model [NH2]3Mo/CN- system show that while the overall reaction is significantly exothermic, the final cleavage step is endothermic by at least 90 kJ mol(-1), accounting for why C-N bond cleavage is not observed experimentally. The situation is improved for the [H2N]3W/CN- system where the intermediate and products are closer in energy but not enough for CN- cleavage to be facile at room temperature. Additional calculations were undertaken on the mixed-metal [H2N]3Re+/CN- /W[NH2]3 and [H2N]3Re+/CN-/Ta[NH2]3 systems in which the metals ions were chosen to maximise the stability of the products on the basis of an earlier bond energy study. Although the reaction energetics for the [H2N]3Re+/CN /W[NH2]3 system are more favourable than those for the [H2N]3W/CN- system, the final C-N cleavage step is still endothermic by 32 kJ mol(-1) when symmetry constraints are relaxed. The resistance of these systems to C-N cleavage was examined by a bond decomposition analysis of [H2N]M-L1[triple bond]L2-M[NH2]3 intermediates for L1[triple bond]L2 = N2, CO and CN which showed that backbonding from the metal into the L1[triple bond]L2 pi* orbitals is significantly less for CN than for N2 or CO due to the negative charge on CN- which results in a large energy gap between the metal d(pi), and the pi* orbitals of CN-. This, combined with the very strong M-CN- interaction which stabilises the CN intermediate, makes C-N bond cleavage in these systems unfavourable even though the C[triple bond]N triple bond is not as strong as the bond in N2 or CO.     

钴(Ⅲ)络合物氧化对苯二胺类化合物的动力学与机理的研究

本文通过监测氧化中间体半醌(S~+)的吸光度变化跟踪反应进程。用初始速率法处理得到了HAc-NaAc介质中Fe(CN)_6~(3-)(Ox′)催化[CO~Ⅲ(NH_3)_5Cl]~(2+)(Ox)氧化CD-4遵循下列动力学方程: d[S~+]/dt=k_(obs).[Ox′]~(0.90)[Ox]~(0.85)认为Fe(CN)_6~(3-)的再生过程是整个反应的决速步骤。估算了决速步的速率常数k(298K)、活化焓△H~(0≠)和活化熵分别为1.92dm~3·mol~(-1)s~(-1)、23.1kcal/mol和20.5cal/mol.K。以TEPPD代替CD-4、以Fe(CN)_6~(4-)代替Fe(CN)_6~(3-)的实验结果支持了所提出的再生机理的合理性。 实验也得到了[Co~Ⅲen_2Cl_2]~+直接氧化CD-4或TEPPD的动力学方程。测定了反应的活化能。认为PPD氧化为半醌是反应的决速步骤。[Co~Ⅲ(NH_3)_6]~(3+)、[Co~Ⅲ(NH_3)_5Cl]~(2+),[CoⅢen_3]~(3+)、[CoⅢen_2Cl_2]~+氧化PPD的实验结果表明,钴(Ⅲ)络合物的取代活性增加,氧化活性亦增加。     

Cation and anion diversity in [M(dithiooxalate)2]2- salts: structure robustness in crystal synthesis

A series of crystalline salts based on the [M(dto)2]2- (dto = 1,2-dithiooxalate, M = Ni, Pt, Cu) dianion with hydrogen-bond donor cations have been synthesised following a molecular tectonics approach. The chelating M(dto)[dot dot dot]HN supramolecular synthon has been exploited in a systematic study of its robustness. The effects of competition between hydrogen-bond acceptors, of the shape and functionality of the cations and of varying the metal in the anion are discussed. The preparation and structural characterisation of the new crystalline phases [4,4'-H(2)bipy][Pt(dto)2] (2), [HNC5H4CO2H-4]2[Pt(dto)2] (5), [HNC5H4CO2H-3]2[Pt(dto)2] (6), [HNC5H4CH2CO2H-4]2[Ni(dto)2] (7), [HNC(5)H(4)CH(2)CO(2)H-3]2[Ni(dto)2] (8), [HNC5H4CONH2-4]2[Ni(dto)2] (9), [HNC5H4CHNOH-4]2[Ni(dto)2] (10), [HNC5H4CHNOH-3]2[Ni(dto)2] (11), [4,4'-H2bipip][Ni(dto)2] (12), [H2NC5H9CO2H-4]2[Pt(dto)2] (12), [H2NC5H9CO2H-4]2[Cu(dto)2] (14), [H2NC5H9CO2H-3]2[Ni(dto)2][H2O]2 (15), [H2NC5H9CO2H-3]2[Pt(dto)2][H2O]2 (16), [H2NC5H9CO2H-3]2[Cu(dto)2][H2O]2 (17), [H(Me)NC5H9CO2H-4]2[Ni(dto)2][H2O]2 (18) is reported. The charge-assisted NH[dot dot dot]dto synthon is formed in each of compounds 1-20, and is apparently much more robust than the conventional synthons used (such as the carboxylic acid dimer), which have a much lower rate of occurrence. The NH[dot dot dot]dto synthon may be generalised to 3- and 4-pyridinium species and 3- and 4-piperidinium derivatives. In the latter cases branching of the hydrogen-bond networks through the NH2 groups arises. The robustness of the NH...dto synthon allows structures of the form [NH cation]2[M(dto)2] to be regarded as being formed by the packing of neutral supermolecules. Cases of isomorphism (as in 16-18) and latent polymorphism (e.g. in 4 and 6) are noted.     

Photoreductive self-assembly from [Mo7O24]6- to carboxylates-coordinated {Mo142} Mo-blue nanoring in the presence of carboxylic acids

The primary steps of the photoredox reaction between [Mo7O24]6- and carboxylic acid electron (and proton) donors in aqueous solutions are investigated by the chemically induced dynamic electron spin polarization (CIDEP) spectroscopy. The excitation of the O-->Mo ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) bands of [Mo7O24]6- in the presence of CH3CO2H induces the emissive electron spin polarization (ESP) of *CH2CO2 and *CH3 radicals with an accompanying formation of the one-electron reduced species [Mo7O23(OH)]6-, which is demonstrated by the triplet mechanism involving the O --> Mo LMCT triplet states. The prolonged photolysis of the solution containing [Mo7O24]6- and CH3CO2H at pH = 3.4 leads to the formation of the acetate/propionate-coordinated {Mo142} Mo-blue nanoring, [MoV28MoV(I)114O429H10(H2O)(49)(CH3)CO2 triple bond Ac5(C2H5CO2 triple bond Pr)]30- (1a) through the formation of the cis-configured dimeric dehydrative condensation to two-electron reduced Mo-blue [(Mo7O23)2]10- ({Mo14}). 1a is isolated as a [NH4]+/[Me3NH]+-mixed salt which is formulated as [NH4]27[Me3NH]3[Mo(V)28Mo(VI)114O429H10(H2O)49(CH3CO2)5(C2H5CO2)].150 +/- 10H2O (1) by results of elementary analysis, single-crystal X-ray analysis, 1H NMR, IR, and UV/Vis measurements, and manganometric redox titration. Based on the building-block sequence of for 1a, the bottom-up processes from [Mo7O24]6- to the {Mo142} ring in the coexistence of beta-[Mo8O26]4- are discussed by (i) the stabilization of the molecular curvature of {Mo14} through both the intramolecular transfer of monomolybdates and the intermolecular transfer of monomolybdates as degradation fragments of beta-[Mo8O26]4-, to yield {Mo21} and {Mo20} building blocks, (ii) the outer-ring formation resulting from seven successive two-electron-photoreductive condensations among {Mo21} and {Mo20}, and (iii) inner-ring formation resulting from eight successive dehydrative condensations between monomolybdate linkers attached to the neighboring head Mo sites.     

离子液体和醇胺溶液复配脱硫剂吸收H2S及再生性能

将5种离子液体[Bmim]HCO₃, [TMG]L, [MEA]L, [Bmim]Cl和[Bmim]BF₄分别与N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)水溶液混合, 得到新型复配脱硫剂, 考察了离子液体的消泡性能和复配脱硫剂在不同离子液体、 吸收温度以及复配比例下的脱硫性能, 并且对较优脱硫剂进行了再生性能的研究. 采用离子色谱仪对经臭氧深度处理的再生液进行了S\begin{array}{c}{O}_4^{2-}\end{array}离子浓度测试, 并对脱硫剂进行了密度泛函理论研究, 从而进一步分析了吸收机理. 结果表明, 室温下复配脱硫剂脱硫能力大小顺序为[Bmim]Cl-MDEA-H₂O>[Bmim]HCO₃-MDEA-H₂O>[Bmim]BF₄-MDEA-H₂O>MDEA-H₂O>[TMG]L-MDEA-H₂O>[MEA]L-MDEA-H₂O. 离子液体与MDEA结合的稳定性为主要影响因素, [Bmim]HCO₃的消泡能力最强, [Bmim]Cl-MDEA-H₂O, [Bmim]BF₄-MDEA-H₂O和[Bmim]HCO₃-MDEA-H₂O脱硫剂可以通入空气获得基本再生, H₂S与离子液体的结合越稳定, 脱硫效率越高, 但脱硫剂的再生程度会降低.     

Synthesis of [(HIPTNCH2CH2)3N]V compounds (HIPT = 3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) and an evaluation of vanadium for the reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia

Green [HIPTN3N]V(THF) ([HIPTN3N]3- = [(HIPTNCH2CH2)3N]3-, where HIPT = 3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) can be prepared in a 70-80% yield via the addition of H3[HIPTN3N] to VCl3(THF)3 in THF, followed by the addition of LiN(SiMe3)2. From [HIPTN3N]V(THF), the following have been prepared: {[HIPTN3N]VN2}K, [HIPTN3N]V(NH3), [HIPTN3N]V=NH, [HIPTN3N]V=NSiMe3, [HIPTN3N]V=O, [HIPTN3N]V=S, and [HIPTN3N]V(CO). No ammonia is formed from dinitrogen using {[HIPTN3N]VN2}K, [HIPTN3N]V=NH, or [HIPTN3N]V(NH3) as the initial species under conditions that were successful in the analogous [HIPTN3N]Mo system. X-ray structural studies are reported for [HIPTN3N]V(THF) and [HIPTN3N]V(NH3).     

Theoretical study of spin-orbit coupling and intersystem crossing in the two-state reaction between Nb(NH2)3 and N2O

The two-state mechanism of the reaction of Nb(NH2)3 with N2O on the singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces has been investigated at the B3LYP level.Crossing points between the potential energy surfaces have been located using different methods.Analysis of the strain model shows that the singlet state of the four-coordinate(N2O)Nb(NH2)3 complex with N2O bonded via terminal N atom coordination(12) is more stable in the initial stage of reaction,since the bending of the N2O fragment [Edef(N2O) = 86.1 kcal mol-1] results in an energy splitting of the doubly degenerate LUMO;the low-energy LUMO can now strongly couple with the occupied Nb-localized d orbitals,forming a back-bond and transferring charge(q = 0.82 e) from Nb(NH2)3 to the N2O ligand.Going from 32 to 12,the reacting system changes spin multiplicity near the MECP(minimal energy crossing point) region,which takes place with a spin crossing barrier of 9.6-10.0 kcal mol-1.Analysis of spin-orbit coupling(SOC) indicates that MECP will produce a significant SOC matrix element.The value of SOC is 111.52 cm-1,due to the electron shift between two perpendicular φ orbitals with the same rotation direction,and the magnitude of the spin-multi-plicity mixing increases in the small energy gap between high-and low-spin states,greatly enhancing the probability of intersystem crossing.The probabilities of single(P1 ISC) and double(P2 ISC) passes estimated at MECP(SOC = 111.52 cm-1) are approximately 1.17×10-2 and 2.32×10-2,respectively.