Q-Switched Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser with Pure Titanium-Film-Based Saturable Absorber

ABSTRACT

We demonstrate the generation of Q-switching pulse train in thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) cavity by employing titanium-based saturable absorber (Ti-SA). The Ti-SA was fabricated by depositing titanium particles molecules using electron beam evaporation on the surface of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. Subsequently, stable Q-switched pulses were obtained within the 1,552 nm pump power range from 272.1 to 467 mW, with repetition rate tuned from 21.8 to 39.1 kHz. At the maximum pump power, the TDFL showed that the pulse duration of 2.22 μs and the maximum pulse energy of 124 nJ.     

Q-Switched Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Black Phosphorus as Saturable Absorber

We demonstrate a Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser(YDFL) using a newly developed multi-layer black phosphorous(BP) saturable absorber(SA).The BP SA is prepared by mechanically exfoliating a BP crystal and sticking the acquired BP flakes onto a scotch tape.A small piece of the tape is then placed between two ferrules and incorporated in a YDFL cavity to achieve a stable Q-switched operation in a 1.0 μm region.The laser has a pump threshold of 55.1 mW,a puise repetition rate that is tunable from 8.2 to 32.9kHz,and the narrowest pulse width of 10.8 μs.The highest pulse energy of 328 nJ is achieved at the pump power of 97.6mW.Our results show that multi-layer BP is a promising SA for Q-switching laser operation.     

Q-Switched Raman Fiber Laser with Molybdenum Disulfide-Based Passive Saturable Absorber

We demonstrate a Q-switched Raman fiber laser using molybdenum disulfide(MoS_2) as a saturable absorber(SA).The SA is assembled by depositing a mechanically exfoliated MoS_2 onto a fiber ferrule facet before it is matched with another clean ferrule via a connector.It is inserted in a Raman fiber laser cavity with a total cavity length of about 8 km to generate a Q-switching pulse train operating at 1560.2 nm.A 7.7-km-long dispersion compensating fiber with 584 ps·nm~(-1)km~(-1) of dispersion is used as a nonlinear gain medium.As the pump power is increased from 395 mW to 422 mW,the repetition rate of the Q-switching pulses can be increased from 132.7 to137.4kHz while the pulse width is concurrently decreased from 3.35μs to 3.03μs.The maximum pulse energy of 54.3nJ is obtained at the maximum pump power of 422 mW.These results show that the mechanically exfoliated MoS_2 SA has a great potential to be used for puise generation in Raman fiber laser systems.     

Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Cadmium Selenide Coated onto Side-Polished D-Shape Fiber as Saturable Absorber

A stable Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser emitting at 1558 nm is demonstrated using a cadmium selenide(CdSe) material coated onto a side-polished D-shape fiber as the saturable absorber(SA). By elevating the input pump power from the threshold of 91 mW to the maximum available power of 136 mW, a pulse train with a maximum repetition rate of 57.44 kHz, minimum pulse width of 3.76 us, maximum average output power of7.99 mW, maximum pulse energy of 0.1391 uJ, and maximum peak power of 36.99 mW are obtained. The signalto-noise ratio of the spectrum is measured to be around 75 dB. This CdSe based SA is simple, robust, and reliable,and thus suitable for making a portable pulse laser source.     

Cadmium Selenide Polymer Microfiber Saturable Absorber for Q-Switched Fiber Laser Applications

We demonstrate the generation of a Q-switching pulse train in an erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL) cavity using a newly developed cadmium selenide(CdSe) based saturable absorber(SA). The SA is obtained by embedding CdSe nanomaterials into a polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) microfiber. It is incorporated into an EDFL cavity to generate a Q-switched laser operating at 1533.6 nm. The repetition rates of the produced pulse train are tunable within 37-64 kHz as the pump power is varied from 34 mW to 74 mW. The corresponding pulse width reduces from 7.96μs to 4.84μs, and the maximum pulse energy of 1.16 nJ is obtained at the pump power of74 mW.     

Q-Switched Large-Mode-Area Yb-Doped Fibre Laser Using GaAs as Saturable Absorber

A passive Q-switched large-mode-area Yb-doped fibre laser is demonstrated using a GaAs wafer as the saturable absorber. A high Yb doping concentration double-clad fibre with a core diameter of 30μm and a numerical aperture of 0.07 is used to increase the laser gain volume, permitting greater energy storage and higher output power than conventional fibres. The maximum average output power is 7.2W at 1080nm wavelength, with the shortest pulse duration of 580ns and the highest peak power of 161W when the laser is pumped with a 25W diode laser operating at 976nm. The repetition rate increases with the pump power linearly and the highest repetition rate of 77kHz is obtained in the experiment.     

Erbium-Doped Zirconia-Alumina Silica Glass-Based Fiber as a Saturable Absorber for High Repetition Rate Q-Switched All-Fiber Laser Generation

We propose and demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL) using an erbium-doped zirconiaalumina silica glass-based fiber(Zr-EDF) as a saturable absorber. As a 16-cm-long Zr-EDF is incorporated into a ring EDFL cavity, a stable Q-switching pulse train operating at 1565 nm wavelength is successfully obtained.The repetition rate is tunable from 33.97 kHz to 71.23 kHz by increasing the pump power from the threshold of 26 mW to the maximum of 74 mW. The highest pulse energy of 26.67 nJ is obtained at the maximum pump power.     

Passively Q-Switched Nd：KLuW Laser with Semiconductor Saturable Absorber

We demonstrate a passively Q-switched Nd：KLu W laser with a semiconductor sat urable absorber mirror （SESAM） at wavelength 1070 nm. At a pump power of 1.3 W, the pulse width is measured to be about 17ns with repetition rate of lOkHz and with the average output power of 260roW. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of Nd：KLuW used for passively Q-switched laser with an SESAM.     

1.15 W Passively Q-Switched Operation Of Tm:YAlO3 Laser with MoS2-Based Saturable Absorber

Journal of Russian Laser Research - In this study, we present a passively Q-switched (PQS) operation of Tm:YAlO3 (Tm:YAP) laser with a MoS2-based saturable absorber (SA). In the PQS mode, an...     

Mode-Locked Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Vanadium Oxide as Saturable Absorber

A mode-locked erbium doped fiber laser(EDFL) is demonstrated using the vanadium oxide(V_2O_5) material as a saturable absorber(SA). The V_2O_5 based SA is hosted into poly ethylene oxide film and attached on fiber ferule in the laser cavity. It shows 7% modulation depth with 71 MW/cm~2 saturation intensity. By incorporating the SA inside the EDFL cavity with managed intra-cavity dispersion, ultrashort soliton pulses are successfully generated with a full width at half maximum of 3.14 ps. The laser operated at central wavelength of 1559.25 nm and repetition frequency of 1 MHz.     

Passively Q-Switched Nd:YVO_4 Laser Using a Gold Nanotriangle Saturable Absorber

A passively Q-switched Nd:YVO_4 laser at 1064 nm is demonstrated based on a gold nanotriangle saturable absorber(GNT SA).Under a pump power of 3.82 W,the maximum average output power of 218mW is achieved,corresponding to a slope efficiency of 12.9%.The minimum pulse width is 165ns and the maximum pulse repetition rate is 300kHz at the pump power of 3.48 W.Our results prove that the GNT SA is a promising saturable absorber for near-infrared lasers.     

Passively Q-Switched Ho:SSO Laser by Use of a Cr~(2+):ZnSe Saturable Absorber

A cw operation and a passively Q-switched(PQS) Ho:SSO laser(Cr~(2+):ZnSe as a saturable absorber) end-pumped by a Tm:YAP laser operating at near room temperature are reported. It is the first time to report a PQS Ho:SSO laser. For the cw mode, a maximum cw output power of 3.0 W is obtained, corresponding to a slope effciency of31.4%. For the PQS mode, a Cr~(2+):ZnSe is used as the saturable absorber, with transmission of 88.4% at 2112 nm.A maximum pulse energy of 1.29 mJ is obtained, corresponding to the pulse repetition frequency of 2.42 kHz. In this study, we change the distance between:Cr~(2+):ZnSe and the output mirror to research the pulse characteristic of the PQS Ho:SSO laser. The minimum pulse width of 73.5 ns is obtained, corresponding to the pulse energy of0.9 mJ and the pulse repetition frequency of 2.65 kHz.     

A Single-Longitudinal-Mode Passively Q-Switched Nd:YVO_4 Laser Using Black Phosphorus Saturable Absorber

A black phosphorus(BP) saturable absorber(SA) solution with different concentrations(1.0 and 0.5 mg/ml) is fabricated with the liquid-phase exfoliation method. By using the BP-SA, a compact diode-pumped passively Q-switched Nd:YVO_4 laser is demonstrated. One reflecting Bragg gratings is used as the output coupler for mode selection. By inserting those BP-SA solutions in the laser cavity, the maximum single longitude mode,Q-switched output powers of 126 mW at 692.5 kHz and 149 mW at 630.3 kHz are achieved at the pump power of 8.0 W, corresponding to the pulse durations of 144 ns and 196 ns, respectively. Moreover, longitudinal-mode characteristics of Q-switched output laser in different optical cavity lengths based on two-kind BP-SA solution concentrations are investigated. Our results show that BP-SA could also be developed as an effective SA for the Q-switched, single longitudinal mode pulse laser.     

Harmonic Mode-Locked Er-Doped Fiber Laser Based on a Microfiber-Based PbS Nanoparticle Saturable Absorber

Lead sulfide (PbS) is a nanomaterial with excellent optical and chemical properties, such as a narrow bandgap (0.37 eV), high thermal damage threshold, and high stability. Obviously, it is appropriate as a saturable absorber (SA) device for ultrafast photonics. However, PbS nanoparticles (NPs) as the SA of ultrashort harmonic mode-locked pulse still haven't been demonstrated at present. In this paper, the PbS NPs are made into an SA-device-based microfiber by optical deposition method and connected in an integrated Erbium-doped fiber laser. And both characteristics and nonlinear optical properties of PbS NPs have been systemically investigated. A fundamental frequency mode-locked pulsed laser is proposed, whose central wavelength is 1560 nm, and the pulse width is 1 ps. In addition, high repetition rate operations are achieved, with a maximum repetition rate of 833 MHz. This is the first time that PbS NPs are used to generate 96th-order harmonic mode-locking, and the corresponding pulse duration is 987 fs. It is demonstrated that PbS NPs are a kind of SA photonic material with excellent performance. It can improve the communication capacity by applying fiber communication, and it has potential application value even in material processing and optical comb.     

Indium Tin Oxide Coated D-Shape Fiber as a Saturable Absorber for Generating a Dark Pulse Mode-Locked Laser

A dark pulse mode-locked laser is experimentally demonstrated using the indium tin oxide(ITO) coated Dshape fiber as a saturable absorber(SA).Using the polishing wheel technique,a D-shape single mode fiber was fabricated.A 60-nm-thick layer of ITO was deposited over the D-shape fiber using the electron beam deposition method.The SA has a saturation intensity of 40.32 MW/cm² and a modulation depth of 3.5%.A stable dark pulse mode-locked laser was observed at a central wavelength of 155...     

基于两滤波器级联和饱和吸收体的单纵模双波长光纤激光器

提出和证实了一种光纤环形激光器. 将一个带通滤波器与一个带阻滤波器级联,用一段保偏掺铒光纤作为饱和吸收体,得到了一种单纵模双波长光纤激光器. 结果表明,该激光器波长间隔为0.4 nm,边模抑制比大于49 dB.如果将两个波长进行差拍,该激光器有潜力得到49.85 GHz的微波信号.     

Femtosecond Fiber Laser Based on BiSbTeSe2 Quaternary Material Saturable Absorber

Topological insulator materials, including Bi₂Te₃, Sb₂Te₃, Sb₂Te₃, and Bi₂Se₃, have attracted some attention due to their narrow band gaps, high carrier mobility, wide spectral absorption ranges and other characteristics.We report a new multi-compound topological insulator material BiSbTeSe₂ that, compared with the traditional topological insulator composed of two elements, can integrate the physic...     

Dual-Wavelength Passively Q-Switched Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser Based on Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Saturable Absorbers

We report on generation of a dual-wavelength, all-fiber, passively Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser using aluminum oxide nanoparticle(Al_2 O_3-NP) thin flm. A thin film of Al_2 O_3 was prepared by embedding Al_2 O_3-NPs into a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as a host polymer, and then inserted between two fiber ferrules to act as a saturable absorber(SA).By incorporating the Al_2 O_3-PVA SA into the laser cavity,a stable dual-wavelength pulse output centered at 1050 and 1060.7 nm is observed at threshold pump power of 80 mW. As the pump power is gradually increased from 80 to 300 mW, the repetition rate of the generated pulse increases from 16.23 to 59 kHz, while the pulse width decreases from 19 to 6μs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration for this type of SA operating in the 1 μm region.     

High-Power Passively Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser at 1112 nm with a Cr~(4+):YAG Saturable Absorber

A high-power passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 1112 nm with Cr~(4+):YAG as a saturable absorber is demonstrated.Under 808 nm diode-direct pumping,the maximum average output power of 2.73 W is achieved at the pump power of 16.65 W,corresponding to an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 16.4%.At the same time,the pulse width,pulse repetition rate,single pulse energy and peak power are 27.2ns,9kHz,303.3μJ and11.2kW,respectively.As far as we know,the result gives the highest average output power at 1112 nm generated by an 808 nm diode-end-pumped Nd:YAG laser.