关于洛伦兹变换过渡到伽利略变换的条件问题

指出了洛伦兹变换过渡到伽利略变换条件问题上的某些错误认识,讨论了洛伦兹变换过渡到伽利略变换的充要条件.提出了"洛伦兹禁区"概念.     

用伽利略变换审视牛顿力学

用伽利略变换审视了牛顿力学的规律,发现有的规律遵从相对性原理,有的规律不遵从相对性原理.     

由相位不变原理讨论机械波的多普勒效应

本文从不同惯性系中波动相位不变性出发，利用伽利略坐标变换式讨论机械波的多普勒效应。     

量子体系演化的几何相位

量子体系在演化过程中,其状态的时间演化因子除众所周知的由系统能谱决定的动力学相位因子外,还会出现与系统演化路径有关的几何相位因子即Berry相位因子。几何相位的存在已为大量实验所证实,在理论上,已确定了其数学基础是纤维丛理论,并发现它与规范场有某些联系。本文评述了有关几何相位研究工作的进展。     

量子相变与几何相位

量子相变是凝聚态物理中的重要研究课题,而几何相位的发现是近几十年来量子力学中的重要进展,它们毫无关联地各自发展.但最近的研究表明,它们之间有密切联系：多体体系基态的几何相位在量子相变点附近具有标度性;不可收缩的几何相位可用来作为量子相变的标志等.文章将介绍最近在量子相变和几何相位的关系方面的研究进展,并用XY自旋链模型来详细说明.这些结果应会吸引凝聚态和几何相位领域工作的研究人员的关注和兴趣.     

关于Lewis-Riesenfeld相位和量子几何相位

评注了《大学物理》21 23一文关于量子几何相位与Lewis相位论述与《物理学报》48 2018一文的结论有极大不同.指出前者对Lewis导出的相位与量子几何相位关系的错误陈述，而后者的结论是正确的. 关键词： 量子几何相位 不变量方法 Lewis-Riesenfeld相位     

二维光学几何矩变换

提取用于模式识别的不变矩特征量在光学上始终是一个有待进一步研究的问题。本文提出采用单个全息透镜的光学方法实现二维几何矩变换,并成功地提取了一组英文字母的不变矩特征量,所提取的不变矩的确呈现出其平移与转动不变的性质。 关键词：     

S变换引导的窗口傅里叶变换相位提取

提出了一种基于S变换引导的自适应窗口傅里叶变换相位提取方法.通过连续S变换,得到局部条纹的最佳变换窗口,可以保证窗口尺寸随变形条纹的频率变化而自动调整,适合复杂物体的面形测量.计算机模拟和实验验证表明,该方法克服了传统窗口傅里叶变换窗口大小固定的缺点,相位提取的误差由-2～8rad降低为-1～1rad,而且还可以得到被...     

规范场与不可积Beery几何相位因子

证明了在场强为零势不为零的复连通区域 ,规范势沿粒子运动闭合路径的不可积积分是Berry几何相位。说明了由规范势构成的不可积相位因子中一部分是几何Berry相因子 ,并以电磁场为例说明规范场和相位因子的关系。因此不可积Berry相因子最完整地描述了与规范场有关的物理现象     

The geometric phase of the quantum systems with slow but finite rate of the external time-dependent field

With the help of the time-dependent gauge transformation technique, we have studied the geometric phase of a spin-half particle in a rotating magnetic field. We have found that the slow but finite frequency of the rotating magnetic field will make the difference between the adiabatic geometric phase and the exact geometric phase. When the frequency is much smaller than the energy space and the adiabatic condition is perfectly guaranteed, the adiabatic approximation geometric phase is exactly consistent with the adiabatic geometric phase. A simple relation for the accuracy of the adiabatic approximation is given in terms of the changing rate of the frequency of the rotating magnetic field and the energy level space.     

A millimeter-wave geometric phase interferometer

A millimeter-wave interferometer operating purely on the geometric phase is presented. Like its optical counterpart described by Hariharan and Roy, this system uses two circular polarizers with a half-wave section in between. The geometric phase of each signal is determined by the orientation of the half-wave section.     

单模光子在光纤中运动的极化及几何相因子

研究在光纤中运动的单模光子在固定系中的自旋算符表式,在将螺旋度当作不变量的基础上构造使光纤中光子极化面转动的有效哈密顿量,运用与不变量有关的幺正变换方法,获得了光纤中运动光子演化方程(含时薛定谔方程)的精确解,并研究光子在光纤中运动的极化问题,包括几何相因子、总哈密顿量和波函数演化算符的显式. 关键词： 几何相因子 光纤 不变量 幺正变换     

The geometric phase and ray space isometries

We study the behaviour of the geometric phase under isometries of the ray space. This leads to a better understanding of a theorem first proved by Wigner: isometries of the ray space can always be realised as projections of unitary or anti-unitary transformations on the Hilbert space. We suggest that the construction involved in Wigner’s proof is best viewed as an use of the Pancharatnam connection to ‘lift’ a ray space isometry to the Hilbert space.     

Fidelity susceptibility and geometric phase in critical phenomenon

Motivated by recent developments in quantum fidelity and fidelity susceptibility,we study relations among Lie algebra,fidelity susceptibility and quantum phase transition for a two-state system and the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. We obtain the fidelity susceptibilities for SU(2) and SU(1,1) algebraic structure models. From this relation,the validity of the fidelity susceptibility to signal for the quantum phase transition is also verified in these two systems. At the same time,we obtain the geometric phases in these two systems by calculating the fidelity susceptibility. In addition,the new method of calculating fidelity susceptibility is used to explore the two-dimensional XXZ model and the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).     

Dual properties of spacetime under an alternative Lorentz transformation

In flat spacetime, the fourth space coordinate in special relativity (SR) is equivalent to the coordinate time t_E. We will show, however, that this definition of physical time is not unique. Another natural choice of coordinate time, t_A, with absolute synchronization is allowed. Spacetime would exhibit dual properties, namely relativistic and absolute. In an arbitrary inertial frame, the relationship of the above two kinds of coordinate time corresponds to a resynchronization, and the Lorentz transformations can be written in an alternative form, which is called the generalized Galilean transformation (GGT). Although the absolute property is still hidden in nearly all types of experiments, the advantages of the above approach are as follows: (1) It will give us a deeper understanding of SR, including the basis of length contraction, time dilation and the interaction between moving objects and the physical vacuum. (2) It will provide a wider research domain than SR; for example, superluminal motion is predicted and has obtained growing experimental support.     

绝热演化中一般量子态的几何相位

在绝热演化中的几何相位（即Berry相位）被推广到包括非本征态的一般量子态.这个新的几何相位同时适用于线性量子系统和非线性量子系统.它对于后者尤其重要因为非线性量子系统的绝热演化不能通过本征态的线性叠加来描述.在线性量子系统中,新定义的几何相位是各个本征态Berry相位的权重平均.