水热法制备微纳结构氧化钨

氧化钨(WOx)无机半导体材料因其独特的物理化学性质及在气敏、光催化、电致变色、光致变色和场发射等领域的广泛应用,得到人们的普遍关注。近年来,研究者采用水热法制备出多种不同尺寸和形貌的氧化钨半导体材料。本文结合本课题组在水热法制备WOx粉体方面的最新工作,综述了近十年水热法制备微米及纳米级氧化钨粉体的研究进展,探讨了原料、辅助试剂、表面活性剂、反应时间、反应温度等条件对水热法制备氧化钨粉体材料的影响。最后,对水热法制备氧化钨粉体的发展趋势进行了展望。     

一种具有高效光致变色性能的WO3/ZnO纳米粒子复合体系

WO3是一种重要的无机光致变色材料,在大屏幕显示和高密度信息存储等领域中具有广泛的应用前景[1～3].与有机光致变色材料相比,WO3稳定性好、成本低,但其光致变色效率较差.为了提高这类无机材料的变色效率,已经提出了各种解决方案并已取得了许多有意义的结果.例如将光响应材料与WO3复合可以有效地抑制光激发后电子的复合过程,从而提高参与变色过程的光生载流子的数量,改善WO3的光致变色性能.利用金纳米粒子对WO3薄膜进行修饰可以使其变色效率提高近2倍[4],而利用TiO2与WO3溶胶复合则可使变色效率提高近40倍[5].本文报道一种新型的WO3/ZnO纳米粒子复合体系.实验结果表明与WO3相比这种新型纳米粒子复合体系的变色效率可提高200倍以上.     

WO_3/4,4'-联苄胺光致变色超晶格薄膜的研究

无机 -有机超晶格薄膜材料的制备以及性质研究是目前国际上的研究热点。基于超分子化学自组装原理 ,利用自组装技术构建含有有机分子的光致变色纳米超晶格薄膜材料 ,是一种研制光致变色功能薄膜材料的新方法。此项研究能够为研制变色响应速度快的、稳定性好的、变色可调控的光致变色器件奠定基础 ,具有深远的意义和重要的科学价值。本文采用溶液中相反电荷聚电解质自组装的方法 ( PEs法 ) [1] ,制备了 WO3/4,4′-联苄胺超晶格薄膜 ;采用紫外可见吸收光谱和小角 X-射线衍射谱对薄膜的层状结构和分子的排列方式进行了研究。1　实验部分1.1　…     

WO3/4,4′-联苄胺光致变色超晶格薄膜的研究

无机-有机超晶格薄膜材料的制备以及性质研究是目前国际上的研究热点.基于超分子化学自组装原理,利用自组装技术构建含有有机分子的光致变色纳米超晶格薄膜材料,是一种研制光致变色功能薄膜材料的新方法.此项研究能够为研制变色响应速度快的、稳定性好的、变色可调控的光致变色器件奠定基础,具有深远的意义和重要的科学价值.本文采用溶液中相反电荷聚电解质自组装的方法(PEs法)[1],制备了WO3/4,4′-联苄胺超晶格薄膜;采用紫外可见吸收光谱和小角X-射线衍射谱对薄膜的层状结构和分子的排列方式进行了研究.     

钨硅酸/有机胺改性的二氧化硅纳米复合薄膜的制备和光致变色性质

光致变色材料由于在信息显示、传感器、调光器件和高密度存储等领域中具有显著的应用前景而备受关注[1] .杂多酸是一类含有氧桥的无机多核配合物 ,可作为电子受体与有机给体形成电子给 -受配合物 ,该类配合物在光激发下可发生电子转移 ,并表现出光致变色性 [2 ,3] .文献 [4,5 ]已报道了以杂多酸为电子受体设计制备光致变色化合物 ,并研究了其在固态和溶液中的光致变色性 ,但由于粉末和溶液本身的局限性而限制了其应用 .本文首次报道了由溶胶 -凝胶法将钨硅酸 ( Si WA)引入到有机胺改性的二氧化硅 ( APS)网络 ,得到 Si WA/APS纳米复合薄…     

有机光致变色材料

有机光致变色材料作为一种新型功能材料,已应用在高科技领域和民用领域.本文简单介绍它的光致变色机理、主要的光致变色体系和有机光致变色材料在各种领域的应用.     

旋转涂布法制备MoO3变色薄膜的研究

近二十年来,过渡金属氧化物半导体薄膜因其具有光致变色/电致变色特性,可作为无机变色材料广泛应用于信息存储、显示以及灵敏器件等方面,而成为材料科学领域的研究热点之一^[1～4].     

三维无机-有机杂化骨架微孔材料──[Co3(BTC)(HBTC)(H2BTC)(C2H4O2)3]·3(DMF)·6(H3O)的合成与结构

沸石和分子筛微孔晶体材料是指以硅酸盐、硅铝酸盐、磷铝酸盐和无机金属磷酸盐为骨架的晶体材料[1,2 ] .最近 ,Yaghi,Williams,Zaworotko,Kitagawa和游效曾等 [3～ 11] 利用刚性和热稳定性较好的有机分子 (如芳香多酸和多碱 )和金属离子作为结构单元 ,制备出了新型无机 -有机杂     

双功能螺吡喃螺噁嗪类光致变色化合物研究进展

光致变色材料在光学镜头、光学信息存储、光分子开关等方面具有广泛的应用.双功能光致变色材料的合成与应用研究越来越受关注.综述了以螺吡喃、螺噁嗪为光致变色基团的双功能光致变色化合体系的研究进展,主要介绍了具有荧光性能、与金属离子络合性能的光致变色体系的研究进展以及应用.     

水热法合成双金属多元型的Mo1.8W16.2O49纳米棒

近年来,纳米材料在电子学[1]、光电子学[2]和存储元件[3]等技术的发展方面起到至关重要的作用。在纳米材料的合成中,过渡金属氧化物的合成越来越受到人们的重视[4,5]。一维过渡金属氧化物纳米材料具有特殊的光学、磁学和电学特性。其中,一维氧化钨(WO3-x,0≤x<3)纳米材料具有很     

Reversible Wettability of Tungsten Trioxide Films with Novel Dandelion‐like Structures

Tungsten trioxide (WO₃) films with novel dandelion‐like structures were prepared by spin‐coating a sol of WO₃ with CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromides) on quartz substrates. The resultant WO₃ films were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), FT‐IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The wettabilities of the WO₃ films were evaluated by contact angle (CA) measurements. It was found that the WO₃ film exhibited superhydrophilicity under UV light irradiation, whereas after storage in the dark for a certain time, it turned to be superhydrophobic.     

Thermal stability of hexagonal tungsten trioxide in air

We studied the thermal stability of different hexagonal tungsten trioxide, h-WO₃ samples, which were prepared either by annealing hexagonal ammonium tungsten bronze, (NH₄)_0.33−xWO_3−y, or by soft chemical synthesis from Na₂WO₄. The structure and composition of the samples were studied by powder XRD, SEM-EDX, XPS and ¹H-MAS NMR. The thermal properties were investigated by simultaneous TG/DTA, on-line evolved gas analysis (TG/DAT-MS), SEM and in situ powder XRD. The preparative routes influenced the thermal properties of h-WO₃ samples, i.e. the course of water release, the exothermic collapse of the hexagonal framework and the phase transformations were all affected.     

Br-掺杂Bi2WO6的水热法合成及其可见光催化性能

以Bi（NO₃）₃·5H₂O和Na₂WO₄·2H₂O为主要原料,采用水热法合成了纯相Bi₂WO₆,并对其进行非金属离子Br^-掺杂改性。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、Raman、PL和DRS研究了Br^-掺杂对Bi₂WO₆的物相结构、形貌和可见光催化性能的影响。结果表明,Br^-掺杂可有效提高Bi₂WO₆的可见光催化性能,当掺杂量（物质的量百分数）为8%时,溴掺杂Bi₂WO₆的光催化性能最好,可见光照射40 min后,可降解96.73%的罗丹明-B,与未掺杂Bi₂WO₆相比,其降解率提高了36.32%。     

Br~-掺杂Bi_2WO_6的水热法合成及其可见光催化性能

以Bi(NO_3)_3·5H_2O和Na_2WO_4·2H_2O为主要原料,采用水热法合成了纯相Bi_2WO_6,并对其进行非金属离子Br-掺杂改性。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、Raman、PL和DRS研究了Br~-掺杂对Bi_2WO_6的物相结构、形貌和可见光催化性能的影响。结果表明,Br-掺杂可有效提高Bi_2WO_6的可见光催化性能,当掺杂量(物质的量百分数)为8%时,溴掺杂Bi_2WO_6的光催化性能最好,可见光照射40 min后,可降解96.73%的罗丹明-B,与未掺杂Bi_2WO_6相比,其降解率提高了36.32%。     

Low-temperature heat capacity of some alkali metal tungstates

Heat capacity measurements have been made on the two triclinic tungstates, Li_0.2WO₃ and Na_0.33WO₃ from 1 to 60 K. In addition to the normal Debye term the data show a large contribution which can be fit to a single Einstein mode associated with the oscillation of the alkali ions in the holes formed by the corner bonding of six WO₆ octahedra. The Einstein characteristic temperatures obtained are 71 ± 2 and 78 ± 2 K for Li_0.2WO₃ and Na_0.33WO₃, respectively. The results are compared with those reported earlier for the hexagonal tungsten bronzes.     

Solvothermal Synthesis of Cs0.33WO3/LDHs Composite as a Novel Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalyst

A novel Cs_0.33WO₃/LDHs (CWLDH) composite was synthesized by simple two steps solvothermal method and first investigated as the photocatalyst for tetracycline (TC) and Congo red (CR) degradation under visible light irradiation. The CWLDH heterostructures catalysts were characterized by XRD, UV–Vis, SEM, XPS and BET. The composite CWLDH showed enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with pure Cs_0.33WO ₃ and NiAl‐LDH under identical experimental conditions. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was mainly attributed to the higher visible light‐absorbing ability, efficient electron–hole separation and prolonged lifetimes of photogenerated charges. The photocatalyst presented a high photocatalytic activity (92%) at the optimum of CWLDH ‐3 and initial TC concentration of 40 mg L⁻¹. Besides, the degradation efficiency of TC is higher than 75% for reused CWLDH after four cycles, demonstrating that it could be used as a potential catalyst with good photocatalytic activity, stability and reusability. According to the experimental results, a possible photocatalytic mechanism of CWLDH was discussed.     

Synthesis of Three‐dimensionally Ordered Macroporous TiO2 and TiO2/WO3 Composites and Their Photocatalytic Performance

This work presents the characterization and preparation of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous TiO₂ and TiO₂/WO₃ composite nanoparticles with enhanced visible‐light‐responsive properties for rhodamine B (Rh B) photodegradation. The 3DOM TiO₂ and TiO₂/WO₃ composites were prepared through a dip‐infiltrating sol‐gel process using a polystyrene (PS) colloidal crystal template. The materials were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, BET, XPS and UV/Vis. The 3DOM TiO₂/WO₃ composite structures ranged from well‐defined 3DOM structures, which are highly ordered and interconnected via small pore windows, to collapsed three‐dimensional structures as the WO₃ content increased. The photoresponse range and specific surface area of the composite increased with less than 0.025 g of WCl₆. The 3DOM TiO₂/WO₃ composite with less than 0.025 g of WCl₆ exhibited a higher catalytic activity than 3DOM TiO₂ for the photocatalytic degradation of Rh B under simulated sunlight illumination.     

稀土离子Tm3+掺杂Bi2WO6的可见光催化性能

以Na₂WO₄·2H₂O和Bi（NO₃）₃·5H₂O为主要原料,采用水热法合成了稀土离子Tm³⁺掺杂的Bi₂WO₆光催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman、PL、DRS研究了Tm³⁺掺杂Bi₂WO₆的物相,微观形貌和可见光催化性能。结果表明,Tm³⁺掺杂有效提高了Bi₂WO₆的光催化性能,当掺杂量为6%时,样品的光催化性能最好,可见光照射30 min后,对罗丹明B的降解效率达到91.27%,而可见光照射5 h后,对焦糖色素的降解效率达45.25%。与未掺杂Bi₂WO₆相比,分别提高了27.78%和35.22%。     

Kinetic study on photochromism of WO3 aqueous sol and its enhancement accompanying spectral changes by the addition of TiO2 aqueous sol

Photochromism of a WO₃ aqueous sol has been investigated in a nitrogen atmosphere under controlled temperature. Effects of ageing of the WO₃ sols, concentrations of WO₃ sols or Cl⁻ ion and temperature on the coloring rate were examined. The coloring rate was the first-order with respect of the WO₃ concentration. The coloring process was accelerated by an addition of TiO₂ aqueous sols. Spectral changes were measured using the mixing sol with various molar ratios (γ) of WO₃ and TiO₂. The absorption spectra changed from those having the single peak at 775 nm to those with two peaks at 640 and 980 nm. Such spectral transformation was ascribed to the structural change of the WO₃ nanoclusters, depending on the γ value and the concentration of Cl⁻ ion.     

Spin Self‐Assembled Clay Nanocomposite Passivation Layers Made from a Photocrosslinkable Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Na+‐Montmorillonite Enhance the Environmental Stability of Organic Thin‐Film Transistors

We investigated the effects of the multilayer polymer‐clay nanohybrid passivation films on the stability of pentacene organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) exposed to air and UV irradiation. Well‐ordered multilayer films were deposited by the spin‐assisted layer‐by‐layer assembly method using photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl alcohol) with the N‐methyl‐4(4′‐formylstyryl)pyridinium methosulfate acetal group (SbQ‐PVA) and Na⁺‐montmorillonite in a water‐based solution process. When photocrosslinked, these SbQ‐PVA/clay multilayers were found to serve as excellent barriers to O₂ and UV‐light. Moreover, when used as passivation layers, they enhanced the stability of pentacene OTFT devices exposed to air and UV radiation.