Heat transfer analysis in the flow of Walters' B fluid with a convective boundary condition

Radiative heat transfer in the steady two-dimensional flow of Walters' B fluid with a non-uniform heat source/sink is investigated. An incompressible fluid is bounded by a stretching porous surface. The convective boundary condition is used for the thermal boundary layer problem. The relevant equations are first simplified under usual boundary layer assumptions and then transformed into a similar form by suitable transformations. Explicit series solutions of velocity and temperature are derived by the homotopy analysis method(HAM). The dimensionless velocity and temperature gradients at the wall are calculated and discussed.     

Mixed Convection in Viscoelastic Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Sheet

An investigation is carried out on mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible and electrically conducting viscoelastic fluid over a linearly stretching surface in which the heat transfer includes the effects of viscous dissipation, elastic deformation, thermal radiation, and non-uniform heat source/sink for two general types of non-isothermal boundary conditions. The governing partial differential equations for the fluid flow and temperature are reduced to a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations which are solved analytically using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Graphical and numerical demonstrations of the convergence of the HAM solutions are provided, and the effects of various parameters on the skin friction coefficient and wall heat transfer are tabulated. In addition, it is demonstrated that previously reported solutions of the thermal energy equation given in [1] do not converge at the boundary, and therefore, the boundary derivatives reported are not correct.     

Heat transfer analysis in the flow of Waiters＇ B fluid with a convective boundary condition

Radiative heat transfer in the steady two-dimensional flow of Walters＇ B fluid with a non-uniform heat source/sink is investigated. An incompressible fluid is bounded by a stretching porous surface. The convective boundary condition is used for the thermal boundary layer problem. The relevant equations are first simplified under usual boundary layer assumptions and then transformed into a similar form by suitable transformations. Explicit series solutions of velocity and temperature are derived by the homotopy analysis method （HAM）. The dimensionless velocity and temperature gradients at the wall are calculated and discussed.     

Convective Heat and Mass Transfer in Magneto Jeffrey Fluid Flow on a Rotating Cone with Heat Source and Chemical Reaction

The present paper addresses the megnetohydrodynamic Jeffrey fluid flow with heat and mass transfer on an infinitely rotating upright cone. Inquiry is carried out with heat source/sink and chemical reaction effects. Further, constant thermal and concentration flux situations are imposed. Optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM) is employed to achieve series solutions of the concerned differential equations. Important results of the flow phenomena are explored and deliberated by means of graphs and numerical tables. It is perceived that thermal boundary layer thickness possess contrast variations for the heat source and heat sink, respectively. The chemical reaction enhances the heat transfer rate but decline the mass transfer rate. Moreover, the precision of the existing findings is verified by associating them with the previously available work.     

低温装置中温度测量的热沉问题

文中讨论了低温装置中的热沉问题。为减少因电引线导热对温度计的热负荷 ,提高温度测量的精度 ,在温度计的引线中加入热沉将是非常必要而且有效的手段。文中解决了不同边界条件下所需的热沉长度的求解问题 ,并讨论了其实际应用     

Computation of Hele-Shaw flows with free boundaries

A novel method for calculation of Hele-Shaw flows with receding free boundaries is presented. The method is applied to flows with suction from a point sink and to flow in a channel with parallel walls. In each case the unknown fluid region is mapped conformally onto the unit disc, the free boundary being mapped onto the unit circle. This mapping, which is a function of position and time, is calculated numerically at points on the unit circle using a version of the boundary integral method. The free boundary is thus found without explicit calculation of the pressure at internal points, and the computation times are much less than those for other numerical methods for this problem. Numerical results are compared with explicit analytic solutions for several test problems.     

Stability of low oscillations in a two-layer inviscid fluid by vertical moving in gravity

The development of small oscillations in a system formed by a heavy layer of an ideal incompressible fluid covering a half-space of an ideal fluid with another density is studied. The entire system is moved as a rigid entity in the vertical direction according to some prescribed law. The apparatus of linearization of the equations and the boundary conditions is used. The investigation of the characteristic equations shows that the gravitational stability depends on the condition on the upper boundary of the layer, namely, the presence of free boundary of the layer or the condition of impenetrability through the rectilinear boundary. The qualitative estimates for the growth or decay of the initial perturbations are presented analytically.     

On the Boundary Integral Equations for a Two-Dimensional Slowly Rotating Highly Viscous Fluid Flow

In this paper, the two-dimensional slowly rotating highly viscous fluid flow in small cavities is modelled by the triharmonic equation for the streamfunction. The Dirichlet problem for this triharmonic equation is recast as a set of three boundary integral equations which however, do not have a unique solution for three exceptional geometries of the boundary curve surrounding the planar solution domain. This defect can be removed either by using modified fundamental solutions or by adding two supplementary boundary integral conditions which the solution of the boundary integral equations must satisfy. The analysis is further generalized to polyharmonic equations.     

Arnold's method for asymptotic stability of steady inviscid incompressible flow through a fixed domain with permeable boundary

The flow of an ideal fluid in a domain with a permeable boundary may be asymptotically stable. Here the permeability means that the fluid can flow into and out of the domain through some parts of the boundary. This permeability is a principal reason for the asymptotic stability. Indeed, the well-known conservation laws make the asymptotic stability of an inviscid flow impossible, if the usual no flux condition on a rigid wall (or on a free boundary) is employed. We study the stability problem using the direct Lyapunov method in the Arnold's form. We prove the linear and nonlinear Lyapunov stability of a two-dimensional flow through a domain with a permeable boundary under Arnold's conditions. Under certain additional conditions, we amplify the linear result and prove the exponential decay of small disturbances. Here we employ the plan of the proof of the Barbashin-Krasovskiy theorem, established originally only for systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom. (c) 2002 American Institute of Physics.     

加装导流罩的大功率LED强化换热特性研究

针对大功率LED光源存在的散热问题,在风冷散热条件下,对加装导流罩的大功率LED散热器进行优化设计。在肋片结构参数固定的条件下,利用流体分析软件对导流罩的内径、高度、进气口直径以及散热器肋片夹角进行优化。通过改变这些参数来改变散热片表面气体流体的流形、风速等值,最终改变肋片表面对流换热系数。获得的导流罩和肋片夹角参数:导流罩高度85 mm,进气口直径76 mm,出气口直径83 mm,散热器肋片夹角9。通过优化使散热器温度有一定程度的降低,为大功率LED灯具散热设计提供了一种优化方案。     

Sources of spurious force oscillations from an immersed boundary method for moving-body problems

When a discrete-forcing immersed boundary method is applied to moving-body problems, it produces spurious force oscillations on a solid body. In the present study, we identify two sources of these force oscillations. One source is from the spatial discontinuity in the pressure across the immersed boundary when a grid point located inside a solid body becomes that of fluid with a body motion. The addition of mass source/sink together with momentum forcing proposed by Kim et al. [J. Kim, D. Kim, H. Choi, An immersed-boundary finite volume method for simulations of flow in complex geometries, Journal of Computational Physics 171 (2001) 132–150] reduces the spurious force oscillations by alleviating this pressure discontinuity. The other source is from the temporal discontinuity in the velocity at the grid points where fluid becomes solid with a body motion. The magnitude of velocity discontinuity decreases with decreasing the grid spacing near the immersed boundary. Four moving-body problems are simulated by varying the grid spacing at a fixed computational time step and at a constant CFL number, respectively. It is found that the spurious force oscillations decrease with decreasing the grid spacing and increasing the computational time step size, but they depend more on the grid spacing than on the computational time step size.     

自由汇流旋涡Ekman抽吸演化机理

自由汇流旋涡形成过程中有抽吸现象发生, 是一个比较复杂的气液两相耦合过程, 其中所涉及的Ekman层耦合及演化机理具有重要的科研价值与实际意义. 针对上述问题, 提出了一种自由汇流旋涡Ekman抽吸演化机理建模与分析方法. 基于多相流体体积VOF模型与湍动能-耗散(k-ε)模型, 建立了面向汇流旋涡Ekman抽吸演化的两相动力学模型. 基于上述模型, 分析初始转动速度分量、排流量与Ekman抽吸过程的内在联系, 并揭示相关流场分布规律. 研究结果表明: 初始扰动不同, 汇流旋涡的吸气孔、抽气孔距离容器底面边界的高度保持不变; 初始扰动加强, 吸气阶段转速增加, Ekman边界层厚度及抽吸高度增加, 抽吸、贯穿阶段Ekman抽吸现象减弱; 初始扰动恒定, Ekman抽吸高度保持不变, 与排流量变化无关. 研究结果可为自由汇流旋涡形成机理方面的研究提供有益参考, 也可为冶金、化工领域的旋涡抑制控制提供技术支持.     

Unsteady MHD Non-Darcian Flow over a Vertical Stretching Plate Embedded in a Porous Medium with Thermal Non-Equilibrium Model

An analysis is performed to study the influence of local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) on unsteady MHD laminar boundary layer flow of viscous, incompressible fluid over a vertical stretching plate embedded in a sparsely packed porous medium in the presence of heat generation/absorption. The flow in the porous medium is governed by Brinkman-Forchheimer extended Darcy model. A uniform heat source or sink is presented in the solid phase. By applying similarity analysis, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of time dependent non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations and they are solved numerically by Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method along with shooting technique. The obtained results are displayed graphically to illustrate the influence of different physical parameters on the velocity, temperature profile and heat transfer rate for both fluid and solid phases. Moreover, the numerical results obtained in this study are compared with the existing literature in the case of LTE and found that they are in good agreement.     

The solution of the diffusion equation with a sink term using the radiation boundary condition

The diffusion equation with an added sink term describing the energy transfer by a dipole-dipole mechanism was solved under steady state conditions using the radiation boundary condition. An equation for the non-radiative energy transfer rate constant between organic fluorescent molecules was obtained. This general equation contains the particular cases of a total reflecting boundary condition and the so-called Smoluchowski boundary condition already obtained by other authors.     

高效微射流阵列冷却热沉的阻力特性

微射流阵列冷却热沉是利用射流冲击在驻点区能产生很薄的边界层来提高换热效率,合理的布置射流孔,可以极大的提高被冷却表面温度分布的均匀性。本次研究设计的热沉是5层结构的模块式铜微射流阵列冷却热沉(微射流孔直径d=0．15 mm),以氮气和去离子水为工质对阻力特性进行了实验研究,并与微射流阵列冷却热沉的理论计算进行了比较。结果表明,在微射流热沉中,热沉的实验压降值低于计算值,热沉总阻力主要是由局部阻力引起的,占到热沉总阻力的90％。     

给定边界条件下定常态制冷循环的最优化

给定边界条件下定常态制冷循环的最优化陈林根，孙丰瑞，龚建政，陈文振，赖锡棉（武汉海军工程学院三系，武汉海军工程学院基础部武汉４３００３３）关键词：有限时间热力学，卡诺制冷机，布雷顿制冷机，最优化一、前言实际工程问题主要是在给定的循环型式和运行边界条件...     

A posteriori error estimation and adaptive mesh refinement for a multiscale operator decomposition approach to fluid–solid heat transfer

We analyze a multiscale operator decomposition finite element method for a conjugate heat transfer problem consisting of a fluid and a solid coupled through a common boundary. We derive accurate a posteriori error estimates that account for all sources of error, and in particular the transfer of error between fluid and solid domains. We use these estimates to guide adaptive mesh refinement. In addition, we provide compelling numerical evidence that the order of convergence of the operator decomposition method is limited by the accuracy of the transferred gradient information, and adapt a so-called boundary flux recovery method developed for elliptic problems in order to regain the optimal order of accuracy in an efficient manner. In an appendix, we provide an argument that explains the numerical results provided sufficient smoothness is assumed.     

A New Method for Analysis of the Fluid Interaction with a Deformable Membrane

The lattice Boltzmann cellular automaton method has been successfully extended for analysis of fluid interactions with a deformable membrane or web. The hydrodynamic forces on the solid web are obtained through computation of the fluid flow stress at the moving boundary using the lattice Boltzmann method. Analysis of solid boundary deformation or vibration due to hydrodynamic force is based on Newtonian dynamics and a molecular dynamic type approach.     

On the damping of unsteady flow by compliant boundaries

This paper concerns unsteady motion of an incompressible inviscid fluid near a flexible surface which, in responding to the surface pressure field, absorbs energy. The modification of the flow consequent on energy removal at the boundaries is examined. Energy absorption always occurs when the mechanical surface properties include an element of dissipation. But surface dissipation is not essential; surface waves have a similar property. Unsteady fluid induced forces excite surface waves which carry with them energy that must have originated in the flow. The question of how flow characteristics change as energy is gradually given up to the boundary is examined through a particular model problem from which it becomes evident that surface motion draws vorticity towards the surface. The model chosen is that of a rectilinear vortex adjacent to a weakly responding boundary. Surface motion induces a velocity perturbation which is shown to move the vortex towards the surface whenever the fluid gives energy to that surface.     

一种改进的光滑粒子流体动力学前处理方法

为了便于对任意边界形状的计算域快速地布置均匀粒子,提出了一种改进的光滑粒子流体动力学前处理方法.该方法是在2012年Colagrossi等提出的算法基础上进行改进后得到的.Colagrossi等提出的算法能够计算一些简单外形分布比较均匀的粒子.然而当光滑长度与初始粒子间距的比值较大时该方法在计算过程中会出现较强的数值震荡问题,收敛速度慢;而且在计算过程中可能会遭遇流体粒子穿透固体壁面的问题.本文通过引入未知因素修正的平滑粒子动力学模型来提高计算稳定性,并通过对边界附近的流体粒子施加边界力来避免流体粒子穿透固体壁面.算例验证结果表明,利用改进后的光滑粒子流体动力学前处理方法能够快速地对各种边界形状的计算域分布均匀粒子,并且避免了流体粒子穿透固体壁面的问题.