Recent progress in the synthesis of azoles and related five-membered ring heterocycles using silica-supported heterogeneous catalysts

In the last decade, silica-supported heterogeneous catalysts have emerged as efficient green catalysts for the development of synthetic protocols of bioactive heterocycles. These catalysts possess better significant features when compared with the activities of homogeneous catalysts. Azoles are five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that possess a wide range of medicinal properties. In this review, a summary of the recent progress on silica-supported heterogeneous catalyzed synthetic methods of azoles and related five-membered heterocycles is presented.     

Catalysis and nanoscience

The development of synthetic catalysts is inspired by nature's use of enzymes to achieve high reaction rates and 100% selectivity. These natural catalysts often contain inorganic nanoclusters at the active site, and it is an understanding of the activity and selectivity of these nanoclusters and their interaction with the surrounding protein, which can aid in the design of synthetic catalysts. Since natural and synthetic catalysts are composed of these nanoclusters, the fields of catalysis and nanoscience are inextricably linked.     

负载型烯烃聚合催化剂合成的新方法

介绍了负载型烯烃聚合催化剂合成的新方法,探讨了不同载体负载的Ziegler- Natta催化剂各组分之间的相互作用机理及活性中心的形成途径。对负载茂金属催 化剂的新型载体及新的负载方法进行了评述。     

单原子材料的冷冻合成

近年来, 单原子催化剂因其最大化的金属原子利用效率和高催化性能, 已成为能量存储和转化领域中的研究热点. 单原子催化剂的高活性主要来源于其低配位结构、 量子尺寸效应和原子与载体之间的强相互作用. 因此, 如何根据构-效关系开发通用且简单的制备高效单原子催化剂的方法具有重要的意义. 从实际应用的角度而言, 湿化学法因具有工艺简单和易于大规模生产的特性, 被认为是一种实现工业化制备单原子催化剂的方法, 现已开发了一系列制备负载型单原子催化剂的策略. 本文从独特的抑制反应物前驱体物质形核的角度出发, 总结了冷冻合成方法对形核的抑制机制, 进一步针对不同方面的应用, 探讨了单原子材料的催化机理, 并对其未来的发展进行了展望.     

Shining light on photoredox catalysis: theory and synthetic applications

Photoredox catalysis is emerging as a powerful tool in synthetic organic chemistry. The aim of this synopsis is to provide an overview of the photoelectronic properties of photoredox catalysts as they are applied to organic transformations. In addition, recent synthetic applications of photoredox catalysis are presented.     

非贵金属氧还原催化剂的研究进展

开发可替代铂的非贵金属催化剂是今后燃料电池催化剂的重要发展方向,本文结合课题组研究的工作,总结了近年来非贵金属在氧还原催化方面的研究进展。并着重从材料合成和机理两个方面分析了目前在开发过渡金属氧化物、含过渡金属的氮掺杂碳材料和杂原子掺碳材料中存在的问题,提出了这些非金属催化剂今后的研究重点和努力方向。     

Catalytic,Mild, and Selective Oxyfunctionalization of Linear Alkanes: Current Challenges

Selective catalysts for sustainable oxidation of alkanes are highly demanded because of the abundance of these molecules in the environment, the possibility to transform them into higher‐value compounds, such as chemicals or synthetic fuels, and the fact that, kinetically speaking, this is a difficult reaction. Numerous chemical and biological catalysts have been developed in the lasts decades for this purpose, rendering the overview over this field of chemistry difficult. After giving a definition of the ideal catalyst for alkane oxyfunctionalization, this review aims to present the catalysts available today that are closest to ideal.     

纳米过渡金属催化剂在有机合成中的应用进展

纳米尺度的催化剂具有高的比表面积和表面能, 其催化活性显著高于传统催化剂. 综述了近年来纳米级过渡金属催化剂在有机合成方面的应用, 并对其发展作了展望.     

过渡金属催化合成含氮杂环化合物的研究进展

含氮杂环化合物是一类非常重要的有机杂环化合物,也是有机合成化学的研究热点之一。本文首先简要介绍了含氮杂环化合物在天然产物、合成药物和功能材料中的分布及其广泛应用;然后以不同过渡金属催化剂为线索,按照时间由远至近的顺序分别概述了Pd、Ag、Fe、Ni、Zn、Cu等六类过渡金属催化剂在合成五、六元含氮杂环化合物方面的研究进展,对反应条件、反应特征进行了概括;最后对含氮杂环化合物合成领域的过渡金属催化剂的整体发展趋势进行了归纳总结。     

无溶剂Michael加成反应的新进展

无溶剂参与的Michael加成反应,具有收率高,选择性强,操作简捷和成本低廉的优点,尤其有利于对环境的保护.在无溶剂条件下,各种高效的碱性、酸性催化剂,特别是手性催化剂的使用,不仅实现了有机合成化学方法学的新突破,也拓宽了该类反应的应用范围.简要综述了无溶剂Michael加成反应的新近研究进展,详细讨论了碱性、酸性等催化剂以及无任何催化剂参与的此类反应.     

Bioinspired organocatalytic asymmetric reactions

Several small organic molecule catalysts are reminiscent of natural enzymes in their mode of action and substrate interaction/activation. This striking similarity has been a great source of inspiration for the development of new organocatalytic asymmetric processes. A few representative examples, mostly dealing with catalysts interacting through multiple hydrogen-bonds (synthetic oxyanion holes), are highlighted in this perspective.     

TS-1分子筛的制备及其在环己酮氨肟化工艺中的研究进展

环己酮肟作为一种重要的有机中间体,在合成纤维、医药和日用品等方面有着重要的应用.在环己酮肟众多的合成方法中,环己酮氨肟化反应由于工艺简单、条件温和且无副产物生成,从而成为研究的热点.本文以该化学反应路径为主线,从环己酮肟催化剂的制备及连续化工艺两方面的研究进展进行综述.尽管目前TS-1催化剂已取得较大的进展,但在一定程...     

单原子催化材料在电化学氢循环应用中的研究进展

单原子催化剂(SACs)是一类仅含有孤立的单个金属原子作为催化活性中心的催化材料. 由于其具有100%的原子利用率、 独特的化学结构及优异的催化活性等优点, 近年来在电化学催化和电能转换设备领域备受关注. 本文综合评述了单原子催化材料的设计理念、 合成方法和表征方法, 同时对其在氢电化学循环 (电解水制氢和氢燃料电池领域)的实际应用进行了系统介绍, 并对单原子催化材料的研究和应用前景进行了展望.     

Surface Organometallic Chemistry for Single-site Catalysis and Single-atom Catalysis

Although driven by different research interests, single-site catalysts and single-atom catalysts are both believed to be model systems bridging homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. The two concepts are similar but different. In this review, we will first explain the difference between single-atom catalysis and single-site catalysis, in terms of their goals, synthetic methods and coordination structures of corresponding catalysts. Then, we will introduce the surface organometallic chemistry method, a method traditionally used for synthesizing single-site catalyst. We will explain why it might benefit the single-atom catalysis community. At last, the choice of support to accommodate the method for synthesizing single-atom catalysts will be discussed.     

金属硫(磷)化物用于电化学析氢反应

电化学分解水(Water Splitting)是获得高纯度氢能的重要手段。 因此,开发具有高活性低成本的电化学析氢反应(Hydrogen Evolution Reaction,HER)催化剂成为目前能源环境的研究热点之一。 本文总结了常用于HER反应的过渡金属硫化物以及磷化物非贵金属催化剂材料的合成方法,并且概况了如何构建特殊结构的金属硫化物及磷化物材料以调高材料的HER催化反应性能的方法,为开发其它高活性的非贵金属催化剂提供依据。     

Recent development in heterogeneous metallocene catalysts

The synthetic methods of heterogeneous metallocene catalysts reported so far in academic journals are summarized together with their catalyst performance. Some of our new results in this field are also described in brief.     

对苯二酚合成方法的研究进展

对苯二酚是一种重要的化工原料和中间体。本文综述了目前国内外对苯二酚合成方法的研究进展,特别对苯酚过氧化氢羟基化法这一洁净合成方法及其所用催化剂的种类和性能进行了较为详尽的综述。     

铌硅铝磷分子筛的合成及催化酯化性能研究

合成了铌硅铝磷分子筛NbSAPO-5催化剂,并对其进行了XRD、BET表面吸附、ICP、SEM、NH3-TPD吸附表征,结果表明所合成的分子筛具有AFI的晶体结构;考察了催化剂对合成丙酮酸甲酯反应的催化酯化活性,表明Nb的引入使双功能催化剂的氧化和酯化功能更趋平衡,在改善酯化能力的同时,也使得酸酯总收率大大提高．     

Recent developments in the synthesis of nitrogen containing five-membered polyheterocycles using rhodium catalysts

The nitrogen-, oxygen- and sulfur-heterocycles possess a number of pharmacological activities and recently many reports appeared for the synthesis of these heterocycles. In few past years, metals are applied for the production of these heterocycles. These synthetic strategies involving metal catalysts became highly significant in the synthetic organic chemistry. This review article features the applications of rhodium metal catalysts for the preparation of five-membered N-polyheterocylces.     

AlCl_3催化的有机化学反应

从有机合成化学的角度，按反应类型综述了AlCl_3作为催化剂在有机化学反应 中的应用。结果表明AlCl_3比传统的催化剂在产率、选择性等方面具有更高的效率。