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CO_2排放引起了诸多环境问题,从混合气体中分离、利用CO_2,是近期的研究热点.目前的CO_2捕集和分离技术,大都由于费用高、能耗大等问题难以得到推广.利用多孔材料吸附分离CO_2的方法,因其高效、低能耗、低成本、易再生、易回收等特点得到广泛关注.在实际应用中多孔材料不仅要具备较高的CO_2吸附量、选择性,还要有较好的疏水性能.因此,活性炭被认为是最适合的材料之一.其具有优异的疏水性能,在常压和高压下均呈现出很高的CO_2吸附量,并且容易再生.综述了活性炭材料作为CO_2吸附剂的最新进展,重点介绍活性炭微结构与CO_2吸附性能之间的关系、活性炭表面官能团与CO_2之间的相互作用,最后探讨了目前的研究中存在的问题,并对今后的CO_2吸附分离研究工作进行了展望. 相似文献
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以木屑为原料,在低温条件下一步法制得活性炭基吸附剂,考察了吸附剂制备条件和液-固、气-固吸附条件对吸附剂脱硫性能的影响。结果表明,吸附剂的最佳制备条件为,浸渍液与木屑质量比为1:1,浸渍液中硝酸质量分率为30%、吸附剂表面NiO负载量为5%,常温下浸渍24 h,400℃焙烧3 h。该吸附剂在0.2 g吸附剂/10 mL模拟油、温度为40℃及时间为5 h的液-固吸附脱硫的条件下,脱硫率为28.36%,吸附四次后饱和吸附硫容量可达2.34 mgS/g;在气-固吸附温度为250℃、空速为6.3 h-1的条件下,饱和吸附硫容量为2.37 mgS/g;高温气-固吸附脱硫对吸附剂的影响表明,与脱硫前相比,吸附剂在比表面积、总孔体积、微孔体积均有明显提高,这说明气-固吸附脱硫过程同时实现了活性炭的扩孔活化。甲苯溶剂再生实验表明,经五次再生后吸附剂的再生性能均可达90%以上。 相似文献
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为了选择合适的吸附剂来脱除盐酸溶液中的氯仿,本文测定了几种聚合物吸附剂在298.15 K温度下对水溶液和20%盐酸溶液中氯仿的吸附等温线,考察了其吸附能力,并将其吸附能力与活性炭和固体石蜡进行了比较。所研究的吸附剂包括粉末状氯化橡胶,聚丙烯,氯化聚丙烯,聚氯乙烯,活性炭和固体石蜡。结果表明,这些吸附剂的吸附行为服从Langmuir 方程,其吸附能力的次序为活性炭>聚氯乙烯>氯化橡胶>聚丙烯 >氯化聚丙烯 >固体石蜡。该次序基本上与从聚氯乙烯到固体石蜡吸附剂中氯含量逐渐降低的次序相一致。聚氯乙烯与氯化橡胶的吸附能力与活性炭相当,其饱和吸附量大约为1.4g-CHCl3/g-吸附剂。所有吸附剂对氯仿的吸附能力均随着溶液中盐酸浓度的增加而降低。结果表明,工业级的粉状聚氯乙烯或氯化橡胶可以作为一种有效的吸附剂脱除水溶液中的氯仿,且具有成本低,吸附性好和易于通过热再生循环利用的特点。 相似文献
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吸附树脂和活性炭对气体中苯的吸附研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用了动态吸附实验方法研究了吸附树脂NDA-201和椰壳型活性炭C1对苯蒸汽的吸附行为.对吸附平衡数据采用Dubinill-Astakov方程进行了拟合分析,并根据吸附剂孔结构特征探讨了吸附机理.实验结果表明,两种吸附剂的苯吸附等温线存在交叉现象,对高浓度苯蒸汽吸附治理可采用NDA-201树脂,低浓度则采用椰壳型活性炭C1;Dubinin-Astakov方程能用来对两种吸附剂的等温线进行拟合,表明吸附剂的微孔区域对吸附起着重要作用.微孔体积计算值的比较和特征曲线叠合的程度说明了.Polanyi吸附势理论更适合于描述椰壳型活性炭C1对苯的吸附,这可能是由于椰壳型活性炭C1的孔分布集中于微孔区,而NDA-201树脂除了微孔外还有一定量的中孔和大孔. 相似文献
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从活性炭吸附剂、高分子吸附剂和酶制剂吸附剂三个方面综述了国内外治疗肾脏病所用吸附剂的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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Bao Din Kuok Nguen M. S. Chernov’yants I. V. Burykin A. S. Anokhin 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2012,86(12):1898-1902
The possibility of applying activated carbon and polymeric sorbents poly(4-vinylpyridine), polytrimethylsilylpropyne (PTMSP), bromo-substituted PNMSP (Br-PNMSP), poly(N-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium iodide) for the sorption recovery of iodine from a 0.5 M solution of sodium chloride is studied. The dependence of iodine sorption on the pH of solution, the amount of adsorbent, and the duration of contact between the solution and adsorbent is studied. The highest sorption capacity (G = 616.78 mg/g) is attained by using poly(N-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium iodide) anionite with the addition of iodine to form complex triiodide ions. The dynamics of iodine adsorption on poly(4-vinylpyridine) is described by a kinetic model of pseudosecond order. The composition and structure of the iodine compounds sorbed by polymers and activated carbon are studied by Raman spectroscopy (RS). 相似文献
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采用浸渍法制备了四氟硼酸(HBF4)改性活性炭,并研究了其对模拟油中二苯并噻吩(DBT)的吸附脱除性能。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示热分析仪(TG-DTA)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及N2吸附技术对吸附剂的表面态和孔结构进行了表征,考察了四氟硼酸浓度、热处理温度以及模拟油中DBT浓度对吸附脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,经质量分数0.5%的HBF4溶液浸渍、140 ℃热处理后,在剂油比1:100条件下,活性炭的吸附容量为352 mg/g,较未改性活性炭提高了72.5%。 相似文献
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Loris Pietrelli 《Adsorption》2013,19(5):897-902
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a water-soluble polymer commonly found in industrial and domestic wastewaters. In this study the adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC) of PEG, of different molecular weights, from aqueous solutions was examined to evaluate its applicability to wastewater treatment. Batch kinetic models have been tested to predict the rate constant of adsorption. The amount of PEG adsorbed on activated carbon depends mainly on the pH, the MW and on the solution characteristics. The adsorption at fixed temperature decrease by MW (PEG-8000 < PEG-3350 < PEG-1450) a polymer chain conformation modification can explain these effect. The large values of adsorption capacity (>350 mg/g) at low and high pH values show a great potential for GAC. The adsorption process can be described well with the Langmuir and the pseudo first order equation. The effective intraparticle diffusion coefficients of PEG molecules in the GAC adsorbent varying according to the MW values in the range 8.45 × 10?3–9.71 × 10?7. 相似文献
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Activated carbon is a remarkable adsorbent with high specific surface area and adsorption capacity, and has been widely used in industries and environmental protection. How to develop new type techniques of activated carbon production and prepare high adsorption capacity products are important. 相似文献
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将金属有机骨架材料应用于燃油深度脱硫研究。采用水热法合成了金属有机骨架材料MOF-5,利用XRD、N2吸附和SEM等技术对其结构进行了表征。通过测定固定床吸附穿透曲线,考察了模型燃油类型对MOF-5吸附分离噻吩效果的影响。结果表明,MOF-5对硫化物的吸附容量超过了文献报道;在脂肪油中其穿透容量和饱和容量质量分数分别为0.90%和1.92%,在芳香模型物质中其穿透容量和饱和容量质量分数分别为0.64%和1.72%。通过采用与活性炭分层填装吸附柱技术,解决了溶解水对脱硫的影响,为吸附脱硫技术提供了新思路。 相似文献
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Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), a commercial adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals was treated chemically with potassium
bromate for it’s surface modification and it’s adsorption capacity was investigated with nickel ions. There was an increase
in the adsorption capacity of the modified carbon by 90–95% in comparison to the raw granular activated carbon towards nickel
ion adsorption. Potassium Bromate oxidation treatment was employed for a period of about 30 mins initially followed by 60
mins and the oxidized carbons were adsorbed with nickel ions. Metal sorption characteristics of as received and modified activated
carbons were measured in batch experiments. Batch adsorption was successfully modeled by Langmuir Isotherm Model which indicates
monolayer adsorption. The adsorption isotherms also fit well to the Freundlich Model. Effects of pH of initial solution, time
of oxidation and mode of treatment on the adsorption process were studied. Experimental results showed that metal uptake increased
with an increase in pH and oxidation time. The samples were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) studies and
surface area analyzer. 相似文献
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以糖厂废弃的糖蜜为原料,Na_2CO_3为活化剂,采用一步直接化学活化法制备了糖蜜基活性炭(AC).采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N_2吸附-脱附及元素分析手段对产物进行了表征,证实其为多孔的石墨化碳材料,比表面积高达1023 m~2/g.研究了糖蜜基活性炭对溶液中的重金属离子Pb(Ⅱ)的脱除性能,结果表明:糖蜜基活性炭的吸附容量高于市售活性炭(CC),且所需吸附时间和投炭量均低于市售活性炭;其吸附动力学符合准二级动力学的Langmuir吸附,为单分子层的化学吸附;吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的糖蜜基活性炭可循环再生和重复使用. 相似文献
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