硼氢化反应机理Ⅳ——甲基腈硼氢化反应的反应途径解析(英文)

利用量子化学从头计算法ＲＨＦ／４－３１Ｇ基组对ＣＨ３ＣＮ＋ＢＨ３反应进行了理论研究．ＩＲＣ分析表明：甲基腈与甲硼烷通过“类四中心”过渡态,直接加成生成产物．计算的活化能是３４６２６８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．计算发现在反应途径中,ＢＨ３分子片随着与ＣＨ３ＣＮ分子片的接近经历一个由电子受体到电子授体的变化,并用前线轨道理论作了解释．     

聚合手性Salen-V(Ⅴ)配合物催化醛的不对称三甲基硅氰化反应

以聚合手性salen-V()为催化剂,对醛的三甲基硅氰化反应进行了研究,在-20℃和1.2%催化剂量下,以苯甲醛为底物获得了91%的ee值和98%的转化率,对其它几种芳香醛和脂肪醛也取得较好的反应结果.催化剂可以方便地回收,重复使用8次仍然保持很好的反应活性和对映体选择性.     

碘催化的无溶剂三组分Strecker反应合成α-氰基化合物

醛、胺与三甲基硅氰在无溶剂条件下,通过碘催化的三组分Strecker反应合成了α-氰基化合物,收率86%～99%,其结构经1H NMR,IR和元素分析表征.     

高效和可重复使用的Zr-MCM-41催化剂催化Strecker反应合成氨基腈类化合物(英文)

The synthesis and characterization of Zr-MCM-41 nanoreactors and their catalytic activity in the synthesis of new amino nitrile derivatives by the Strecker reaction in high yields and in short reaction times is reported.     

双芳烃桥连salen配体的合成及其钛配合物在硅腈对醛的不对称加成反应中的应用

新型双芳烃桥连的salen钛配合物是一种高活性的催化三甲基硅腈对醛不对称加成反应的催化剂,底物与催化剂用量比率可达1 000:1.由(R,R)-1,2.环已二胺和3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛合成的催化剂4在催化三甲基硅腈对醛不对称加成反应中达到87%的对映选择性.     

手性Schiff Base-Ti(OR)4配合物催化醛的不对称硅腈化反应

设计合成了新型手性Salen-Ti(OR)₄配合物催化剂,用其催化一系列醛的不对称硅腈化反应,得到了e.e.值为22.4%～87.1%的氰醇.催化剂中抗衡离子的Lewis碱强烈地影响催化活性,但对反应的对映选择性影响很小,并探讨了其不对称催化反应机理.     

手性Schiff Base—Ti（OR）4配合物催化醛的不对称硅腈化反应

设计合成了新型手性Ｓａｌｅｎ－Ｔｉ（ＯＲ）配合物催化剂，用其催化一系列醛的不同对称硅化反应，得到了ｅ，ｅ值为２２．４％～８７．１％的氰醇，催化剂中抗衡离子的Ｌｅｗｉｓ碱强烈地影响催化活性，但对反应的对映选择性影响很小，并探讨了其不对称催化反应机理。     

甲硅硫醛(H2SiS)脱氢反应的反应路径解析

本文用内禀反应坐标(IRC)方法讨论了甲硅硫醛分子的脱氢反应机理. 在RHF/4-31G基组上对此反应做了量子化学从头计算和反应路径解析, 得到H_2SiS的平衡几何、过渡态结构、反应势能曲线、活化能, 反应热以及沿反应坐标一些物理量的变化, 并对平衡几何和过渡态做了振动分析. 同时, 计算了反应的频率因子A和在500 K时的活化熵△S≠。     

聚合手性Salen-V（V）配合物催化醛的不对称三甲基硅氰化反应

以聚合手性salen-V(V)为催化剂，对醛的三甲基硅氰化反应进行了研究，在-20℃和1．2％催化剂量下，以苯甲醛为底物获得了91％的ee值和98％的转化率，对其它几种芳香醛和脂肪醛也取得较好的反应结果．催化剂可以方便地回收，重复使用8次仍然保持很好的反应活性和对映体选择性．     

改进的锂卤交换法合成N-Boc-6-氨甲基烟醛

含酰胺基团的芳卤化合物锂卤交换制备芳醛化合物往往会失败或收率极低,本文采用改进的锂卤交换法成功地合成了单胺氧化酶抑制剂的关键中间体N-Boc-6-氨甲基烟醛。以5-溴-2-氰基吡啶为原料,通过"一锅法"直接将氰基还原成氨基的同时接上Boc保护基,随后在正丁基锂和异丙基氯化镁的作用下发生金属卤素交换反应,再与DMF反应,最终成功合成目标化合物N-Boc-6-氨甲基烟醛,总收率为70.5%。产物经~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR分析确证为目标产物。与文献报道的路线相比,该合成路线大大缩短。     

Highly chemoselective and efficient Strecker reaction of aldehydes with TMSCN catalyzed by MgI2 etherate under solvent-free conditions

Abstract

Strecker reaction of various substituted aromatic aldehydes, heteroaromatic aldehydes, aliphatic aldehydes and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) was realized in the presence of 5?mol % of MgI₂ etherate in a mild, efficient and highly chemoselective manner under solvent-free conditions.     

Synergistic substrate and catalyst effects in the addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to imines derived from lactic acid

Trimethylsilylcyanide was added to various imines derived from (2S)-ethyl lactate in the presence of Lewis acids to provide both syn- and anti- β-hydroxy-α-aminonitrile stereoisomers. Syn-products were found to be the major in most instances, however, anti-products were formed in good yield and selectivity in the presence of ZnI₂ & BF₃·OEt₂ and N-(−)-α-methylbenzyl substituents via double stereo differentiation.     

Asymmetric Strecker synthesis by addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to aldehyde SAMP-hydrazones

The asymmetric 1,2-addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to aldehyde SAMP-hydrazones in the presence of titanium tetrachloride and diethylether in dichloromethane at −100°C up to room temperature, removal of the chiral auxiliary and acid hydrolysis affords α-amino acids in high enantiomeric excesses (ee=94-97%).     

Rhodium(III) iodide hydrate catalyzed three-component coupling reaction: synthesis of α-aminonitriles from aldehydes, amines, and trimethylsilyl cyanide

Aryl imines formed from aldehydes and amines undergo smoothly in situ nucleophilic addition with trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) in the presence of catalytic amount of hydrated rhodium(III) iodide to afford the corresponding α-aminonitriles in excellent yield. The low catalytic loading (2 mol %), mild experimental conditions, and short reaction time (mostly within 13 min) represent the key features of this novel catalytic system.     

Three-component coupling of aldehyde, alkyne, and amine catalyzed by silver in ionic liquid

A three-component coupling of aldehyde, alkyne, and amine was developed by using gold, copper, or silver as catalysts in ionic liquid.     

Highly efficient three-component Strecker-type reaction catalyzed by MgI2 etherate under solvent-free conditions

A concise, straightforward and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of α-aminonitriles by an one-pot three-component condensation of aldehydes or ketones, amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide catalyzed by MgI₂ etherate under solvent-free conditions. This protocol has some advantages such as mild reaction condition, simple work-up, short reaction time and high product yields.     

Niobium(V) chloride‐catalyzed synthesis of α‐aminonitriles with simultaneous reaction of aldehydes,amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide

A simple and efficient one‐pot method has been developed for the synthesis of α‐aminonitriles by concurrent reaction of aldehydes, amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide with a catalytic amount of NbCl₅ (10 mol%) in CH₃CN at room temperature. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis of new tridentate chiral aminoalcohols by a multicomponent reaction and their evaluation as ligands for catalytic asymmetric Strecker reaction

A one-step, multicomponent Mannich-type reaction between phenols, paraformaldehyde, and β-aminoalcohols in the presence of LiCl afforded N-2-hydroxybenzyloxazolidines with high ortho-selectivity. Hydrolytic or reductive ring opening of the oxazolidines provided a series of N-salicyl-β-aminoalcohols in 84-92% overall yield. The synthesized compounds were evaluated as ligands for a titanium-catalyzed catalytic asymmetric Strecker reaction. The reaction employing 10 mol % of catalyst provided the Strecker products in excellent yields and up to 98% ee.     

Highly enantioselective aza-henry reaction of ketimines catalyzed by a chiral bifunctional thiourea-tertiary amine derived from quinine

We have developed a highly enantioselective aza-Henry reaction of aryl α-ketoester-derived N-Ts ketimines with a wide range of substrate scope by a simpler bifunctional thiourea-tertiary amine catalyst derived from quinine. A variety of ketimines were investigated and corresponding products were obtained in excellent yields (up to 99% yield) with excellent enatioselectivities (up to 99% ee).