Application of high-resolution electron microscopy for visualization and quantitative analysis of strain fields in heterostructures

The general principles, possibilities, and limitations of the classical geometric phase method have been considered. A new generalizing approach, implying analysis of all available spatial frequencies of a high-resolution electron microscopy image, is developed to expand the possibilities of the geometric phase method. Test models of strained Si-GeSi-Si heterostructures are developed and the effect of scattering by phonons and the surface amorphous layer on visualization of lattice distortions is studied within these models. A simple method is proposed for measuring elastic strains in multicomponent heterostructures with pseudomorphic layers.     

Anaglyph stereo visualization by the use of a single image and depth information

In this paper, an anaglyph stereo visualization is studied by the use of a single image and depth information. The present technique allows the stereo visualization of the target image without binocular camera, which has been used for generating the standard anaglyphs. Three test cases are shown in this work, which covers the generation of monochrome anaglyph from given geometrical information, and that of monochrome and color anaglyph from depth information evaluated from other imaging devises, which are placed in parallel. The experimental depth information of the target image is evaluated from the correlation-based template matching analysis of the random dot patterns optically projected on the target objects. Examples of anaglyph stereo visualization are shown for scientific art, such as the monochrome cube, monochrome plaster figure and the color artificial flowers. These results indicate that the present technique of anaglyph stereo visualization through the depth information is very useful and widely applicable to the general three-dimensional visualization.     

Application of tangential geometry of the acousto-optical interaction to visualization of phase objects

A method of visualization of phase objects is described based on selective properties of the Bragg diffraction of light by ultrasound. The main attention is focused on specific features of visualization in tangential geometry of the acousto-optical interaction. It is shown that, in the optimized case, the light intensity distribution in the visualized image is proportional to the phase gradient. The resolution and contrast of the visualized image are analyzed numerically. Potentialities of the method are illustrated by examples of computer simulation of the visualization effect.     

干涉高光谱图像的空间域显示方法

成像光谱数据在空间域的显示,对与用户的图像解译和信息提取有着至关重要的作用。目前,对于成像光谱数据空间域显示方法的研究主要集中在光谱域数据立方体,针对干涉型成像光谱数据的研究很少。干涉型成像光谱数据的空间域图像显示通常采用的方法是将干涉数据反演,然后采用光谱域图像显示的方法进行显示。干涉型成像光谱数据反演至光谱域计算复杂,耗时长,这对于干涉型光谱数据的空间域实时显示提出了巨大挑战。文章提出了干涉型光谱成像数据的空间域图像实时显示方法,该方法采用不同的光程差权重实现了干涉数据立方体的灰度显示和真彩色显示,推荐了三组权重系数用于干涉数据立方体的显示。将传统并与经过光谱反演的空间域显示方法进行比较,结果表明,在相同空间域显示效果下,该显示方法可大大提高显示速度,并且显示时间随数据立方体的尺寸增长速度缓慢可以满足系统的实时性需要。     

Optical superimposition of infrared thermography through video projection

This paper presents a novel infrared thermography visualization technique where a sequence of captured thermal images is optically and simultaneously superimposed onto the target object via video projection in real time. In conventional thermography visualization, observers have to frequently move their eyes from the object to a 2D screen where a thermal image is displayed. In contrast, the heat distribution of the object’s surface emerges directly onto its physical surface in the proposed method. As a result, the observer can intuitively understand the object’s heat information just by looking at it in the real space. This paper explains the methods of geometric registration and radiometric compensation of the captured thermal image, which are required before video projection. Furthermore, several projection results are shown to validate the intuitiveness and usefulness of the proposed visualization method.     

Sub-pixel processing for super-resolution scanning imaging system with fiber bundle coupling

A multilayer fiber bundle is used to couple the image in a remote sensing imaging system.The object image passes through all layers of the fiber bundle in micro-scanning mode.The malposition of adjacent layers arranged in a hexagonal pattern is at sub-pixel scale.Therefore,sub-pixel processing can be applied to improve the spatial resolution.The images coupled by the adjacent layer fibers are separated,and subsequently,the intermediate image is obtained by histogram matching based on one of the separated image called base image.Finally,the intermediate and base images are processed in the frequency domain.The malposition of the adjacent layer fiber is converted to the phase difference in Fourier transform.Considering the limited sensitivity of the experimental instruments and human sight,the image is set as a band-limited signal and the interpolation function of image fusion is found.The results indicate that a super-resolution image with ultra-high spatial resolution is obtained.     

Spatial structure of acousto-optic phase matching in uniaxial crystals

The spatial structure of Bragg angles and the transfer functions of an acousto-optic cell are calculated for the cases of isotropic and anisotropic light diffraction in a uniaxial crystal. Their change with ultrasound frequency is traced. The possibility of image processing by acousto-optic filtration of the spatial spectrum of an image is considered. The results of experimental visualization of the transfer functions of a calcium molybdate crystal cell are presented.     

A robust security framework for 3D images

Abstract  

Three-dimensional (3D) visualization of spatial and non-spatial data is a well-established practice having numerous applications. The cheapest and the most efficient way to 3D visualization is 3D images/Anaglyphs. 3D images contain 3D information of the objects present in the image. These images are easily obtained by superimposing left and right eye images in different color in a single image. In this paper, a novel security framework, viz., watermarking scheme, is presented to ensure their security. The proposed security framework is employed in fractional Fourier transform domain of secret color channel followed by the embedding using singular value decomposition. The secret channels (SEC) are obtained by applying reversible integer transform on the RGB channels. The experimental results prove the robustness and imperceptibility of the proposed watermarking scheme.     

NATURAL CONVECTION IN ROTATING DRUMS WITH INNER SURFACE HEATING

Two flow visualisation techniques, microencapsulated liquid crystal and tracer methods, are employed to observe the thermal and fluid flow fields, respectively, in a liquid that is enclosed in a rotating drum with inner surface heating. The flow patterns and temperature distribution thus obtained are correlated to determine the conditions for formation of thermally stratified layers. A method is developed to construct a three-dimensional structure of a hot plume ascending from the heating surface by synthesizing three flow structures on three mutually perpendicular cross sections (x-y, y-z, and z-x planes) obtained by the flow visualization technique. The method may be extended to obtain the real-time imaging of a three-dimensional hot plume. A combination of the results from the two tests on the heat and fluid flow fields opens a new dimension in the study of natural convection in a rotating system. Additionally, the temperature-time history inside the Eckman boundary layers is monitored to aid in the understanding of transient thermal behavior and rotational effects on the Eckman boundary layers. The conditions for the incipience of thermally stratified layers are disclosed.     

Self-diffusion of rodlike viruses through smectic layers

We report the direct visualization at the scale of single particles of mass transport between smectic layers, also called permeation, in a suspension of rodlike viruses. Self-diffusion takes place preferentially in the direction normal to the smectic layers, and occurs by quasiquantized steps of one rod length. The diffusion rate corresponds with the rate calculated from the diffusion in the nematic state with a lamellar periodic ordering potential that is obtained experimentally.     

Light intensity and image visualization of GDI injector sprays according to nozzle hole arrangements

The light intensity measurement and image visualization of multi-hole injection spray due to different hole arrangements and hole numbers were investigated. The light intensities and behavior characteristics of the GDI spray were analyzed through the axial and diagonal spray penetration, cone angle, and spray area from the spray images by using the image visualization system and image analysis system. The atomization performance of GDI injectors was analyzed by the local and overall Sauter mean diameter (SMD) measurement.     

Images of fluid flow: Art and physics by students

In Spring 2003, a new experimental course on flow visualization was offered to a mixed class of Fine Arts Photography and Engineering students. Course content included fluid flow physics, history of photography with respect to the relationship of science and art, as well as flow visualization and photography techniques. Issues such as “What makes an image art? What makes an image scientific?” were addressed. The class focused on studio/laboratory experiences for mixed teams of students. In Spring 2004 these concepts were distilled into an engineering outreach experience for middle school girls. The spectacular images resulting from these experiments show that flow visualization can be both performed and appreciated by a broad spectrum of people. Thus flow visualization may represent a new bridge between scientists and non-scientists.     

基于潜在低秩表示与复合滤波的红外与弱可见光增强图像融合方法

针对传统红外与弱可见光图像融合算法中存在的亮度与对比度低、细节轮廓信息缺失、可视性差等问题,提出一种基于潜在低秩表示与复合滤波的红外与弱可见光增强图像融合方法.该方法首先利用改进的高动态范围压缩增强方法增强可见光图像提高亮度;然后利用基于潜在低秩表示与复合滤波的分解方法分别对红外与增强后的弱可见光图像进行分解,得到相应的低频和高频层;再分别使用改进的对比度增强视觉显著图融合方法与改进的加权最小二乘优化融合方法对得到的低频和高频层进行融合;最后将得到的低频和高频融合层进行线性叠加得到最终的融合图像.与其他方法的对比实验结果表明,用该方法得到的融合图像细节信息丰富,清晰度高,具有良好的可视性.     

The effectiveness of thin layers as ultrasonic visualization media

A theoretical investigation is presented which examines the effect of introducing a thin layer into a previously established ultrasonic field, present within a liquid. The wave system induced within the layer is investigated and the distrubance to the field estimated.Various conclusions derived from the theory are discussed in relation to relevant ultrasonic visualization techniques, which ultilize thin layers.     

Measurements of the diffusion coefficient of nanoparticles by selective plane illumination microscopy

A laser-based selective plane illumination microscope is developed for the visualization of polystyrene nanospheres about 100 nm in diameter in water at a distance more than 600 μm from microcell walls. The contrast and brightness of particle images are high enough to record them by a video camera with a frame rate of up to 60 frames per second without using an image intensifier. The diffusion coefficients of monodisperse polystyrene nanospheres obtained using this microscope and the image processing software developed by the authors are presented. The measured diffusion coefficients provide the possibility to determine nanosphere diameters with a relative error not exceeding 5%.     

流速比对颗粒在液固两相平板混合层中沉降的影响

本文采用流动显示的方法对平板混合层中上下层流体速度比对固体颗粒在混合层中沉降的影响进行了研究。实验中分别采用粒径小于 ４０ ｕｍ,粒径 ９８～１０４ｕｍ,粒径 １５４～１６０ｕｍ的玻璃微珠以及环氧树脂作为固相颗粒,对这些颗粒在速度比分别为１：１．２、１：２和１：２．８的液相混合层中的运动进行了显示。结果表明混合层中大涡结构对固体颗粒的沉降具有迟滞作用,其作用程度取决于混合层中上下层流体速度比。速度比越大,颗粒的沉降越慢。     

一种人眼感知驱动的成分分解色调映射算法

从人眼亮度感知特性出发,提出了一种人眼感知驱动的成分分解色调映射算法。通过非线性全局亮度校正函数调整整体亮度;通过引导滤波将图像分解为基本层与细节层,并在基本层结合人眼感知特性进行动态范围压缩;对Stevens效应下的细节层进行效果增强,使映射后的图像细节更加丰富。对比传统算法,不同场景的实验结果显示,该算法的主观质量与客观指标均有所提高,在主观质量上能体现HDR图像高亮度光源照射的场景特点,细节表现更加清晰,图像层次感有所提高;在客观指标上,信息熵平均提高0.2291,TMQI值平均提高0.0889。     

A new method for deconvoluting coded aperture images of three dimensional X-ray objects

Three-dimensional objects are coded using a non-redundant distribution of X-ray sources. The deconvolution of the image is performed by means of an incoherent optical processing system using a zoom-lens and a point-hologram. The method is capable of decoding the layers of the original object starting with a self-luminous image generated for example by an X-ray image intensifier tube.     

多孔介质体干燥过程中含水率分布的可视化研究

工业中应用广泛的食品干燥等干燥现象,多是含水多孔介质体的干燥。本文利用可视化实验,研究了含水多孔介质体的干燥现象。并利用实验拍摄的数字图像进行分析和含水率计算,提出干燥过程中含水率分布图像化的方法,并讨论了将此图像化方法应用于含水多孔介质体干燥的可行性。     

Three-dimensional imaging and visualization of partially occluded objects using axially distributed stereo image sensing

In this Letter, we propose a multiperspective three-dimensional (3D) imaging system using axially distributed stereo image sensing. In this proposed method, the stereo camera is translated along its optical axis and multiple axial elemental image pairs for a 3D scene are collected. The captured elemental images are reconstructed in 3D using a computational reconstruction algorithm based on ray back-projection. The proposed method is applied to partially occluded object visualization. Optical experiments are performed to verify the approach.