一类新型环金属配体——二唑衍生物的化学结构及其性能

合成了5个2,5-二芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物环金属配合物配体,其化学结构经1HNMR、IR和元素分析得到确证。利用紫外光谱、荧光光谱、差热分析(DSC)和循环伏安法测试技术分别研究了它们的光谱性能、热性能和电化学性能。结果表明,该类衍生物在二氯甲烷溶液中的最大紫外吸收波长在268～327nm范围,在二氯甲烷溶液和固体膜中的最大荧光发射波长分别在332～390nm和359～439nm范围;DSC分析结果表明,5个噁二唑衍生物的起始吸热峰位于120～328℃之间,其中对称结构的噁二唑衍生物显示了较高的熔融温度;由循环伏安图和相关计算结果表明,5个噁二唑衍生物的还原电位位于-1.03～-0.98V,其相应的最低非占有分子轨道能级(LUMO)在-3.71～-3.76eV之间。     

吡啶星型分子的双光子上转换荧光特性

用飞秒Ti:sapphire激光测定了一种星型吡啶分子2,5-二{4-{4-[N,N-二(4-吡啶乙烯基)苯基氨基]苯乙烯基}苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(PyPASPO)的双光子吸收截面及上转换荧光光谱.采用非线性透过率法测得二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃溶液中的其双光子吸收截面分别为412.5 和288.8 GM. 系统研究了吡啶星形分子PyPASPO的线性吸收和透过、单光子荧光、荧光寿命及激发-发射三维荧光谱和前线轨道能级. 在800 nm和150 fs钛宝石激光器激发下PyPASPO在二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃溶液中的双光子上转换荧光发射波长分别位于571和 525 nm,在二氯甲烷溶液中单光子荧光峰位于532 nm,荧光寿命为1.24 ns. HOMO和LUMO能级分别为-5.21 eV和-2.92 eV.增大分子内电荷转移有效增强了吡啶星形分子的双光子吸收和双光子上转换荧光发射能力     

2,2'-二苯并噁唑衍生物的合成和光性能研究

合成了16种2,2-二苯并(口恶)唑衍生物,测定了化合物的熔点、红外光谱、紫外吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱以及荧光量子产率,与1,4-二(苯并(口恶)唑1′,3′-基-2′)苯和1,4-二(苯并(口恶)唑-1′,3′-基-2′)乙烯衍生物进行了比较,讨论了它们之间光谱特性的差异.     

5-苯基-2-(2’-苯基(口恶)唑基-5’)1,3,4-(口恶)二唑及其5-对位取代苯基衍生物的研究

合成了十二个未见报道的5-苯基-2-(2’-苯基(口恶)唑基-5’)1,3,4-(口恶)二唑及其5-对位取代苯基衍生物。测试了它们的紫外光谱、荧光光谱、荧光量于产率和激光转换效率,发现化合物的(?)和(?)与 Hammett 取代基常数|σ_p~+|有线性关系,化合物分子受激发后结构的平面性增加。     

1,4-二(2-苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑基-5)苯及其衍生物的研究(Ⅱ)

本文讨论了18种溶剂对1,4-二(2-苯基-1,3,4-(口恶)二唑基-5)苯及2-苯基的对位有叔丁基取代的衍生物的紫外、荧光光谱以及荧光量子产率的影响。     

星型二苯乙烯衍生物的三光子吸收及多光子荧光发射

用飞秒Ti:sapphire激光测定了星型二苯乙烯衍生物2,5-二{4-{2-N,N-二[4-(2-N,N-二苯基氨基苯乙烯基)苯基]氨基苯乙烯基}苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(DPASPO)和1,2,4,5-四(4-N,N-二苯氨基苯乙烯基)苯(PASB)的三光子吸收谱和多光子上转换荧光光谱. 研究了星形八极矩分子DPASPO和PASB的线性吸收、单光子荧光及荧光寿命. 在800 nm波长的飞秒激光激发下, DPASPO和PASB在二氯甲烷溶液中发出很强的黄绿色双光子上转换荧光, 荧光峰分别位于583 nm和547 nm. 在1260 nm波长的飞秒激光激发下, DPASPO和PASB的三光子上转换荧光峰分别位于612 nm和572 nm. 采用非线性透过率法测得DPASPO和PASB最大三光子吸收截面分别为16.69×10^－79 cm⁶•s²和6.81×10^－79 cm⁶•s². 这些二苯乙烯衍生物的三光子吸收截面较大. 在这些星型分子中, 三光子吸收增强来源于二苯乙烯分支的增加, 共轭体系的扩展以及分子内跨越空间电荷离域.     

芳杂环推拉型大分子的多光子上转换荧光性质

用Wittig反应和Heck反应制备了2个新的芳杂环推-拉型荧光大分子聚[(2,5-二苯撑-1,3,4-噁二唑)-4,4'-乙烯撑-交替-N,N'-二(4-苯乙烯撑)]苯胺(P1)和聚[(2,5-二苯撑-1,3,4-噁二唑)-4,4'-乙烯撑-交替-N-乙基-3,6-咔唑乙烯撑](P2). P1和P2的分解温度分别为373和412 ℃, 热稳定性良好. 电化学性能用循环伏安法测定. P1和P2的最高占有分子轨道(HOMO)能级分别为-5.39和-5.81 eV, 最低未占有分子轨道(LUMO)能级分别为-2.81和-3.09 eV. 用飞秒Ti:Sapphire激光器测定了P1和P2的三光子和双光子上转换荧光光谱. 在1250 nm波长激发下, 在四氢呋喃溶液中P1和P2的三光子荧光发射峰分别位于510和491 nm. 在800 nm波长激发下, 在四氢呋喃溶液中P1和P2的双光子荧光发射峰分别位于511和495 nm. 在四氢呋喃溶液中大分子P1和P2单光子荧光发射峰分别位于503 和475 nm, P1和P2的荧光量子产率分别为0.80和0.31. 研究了多光子荧光发射过程的溶剂效应. 结果表明, 溶剂极性增大, P1和P2的多光子荧光发射波长明显红移.     

电致发光材料--二取代噁二唑苯的合成

1　引言有机电致发光显示器件作为一项前景广阔的技术 ,近年来已得到了迅速发展。 1 988年日本九州大学斋藤省吾 [1] 等人首次以口恶二唑衍生物为电子传输材料和采用多杂结构 [2 ] ,获得了发蓝光的器件。其发光辉度更高 ,寿命更长 ,从而推动了有机电致发光材料的研究。口恶二唑类衍生物(Oxadiazole,OXD)是荧光性很强的一类化合物 ,过去用做荧光闪烁剂 [3] ,近年来已用于有机电致发光材料 ,并获得了很好的效果。它们既可作电子传输材料 ,又可作发光材料 ,且波长范围都在蓝光和紫外区。本文设计的 1 ,3-二 (5-对叔丁基苯基 -1 ,3,4-口恶二唑…     

多枝[1,3,4]-噁二唑衍生物的双光子吸收和光功率限幅特性

采用非线性透过率法测定了多枝[1,3,4]-噁二唑衍生物的双光子吸收性质. 测定了化合物的单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱, 在800 nm波长的激光激发下, 9-乙基-3,6-双{5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-[1,3,4] 噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基}-咔唑(3)和三-{5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-[1,3,4] 噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基-4-苯基}-胺(4)能够发出很强的蓝色和黄绿色双光子上转换荧光, 荧光峰分别位于485和547 nm. 这些多枝结构化合物的双光子吸收截面较大(数值超过104 GM), 并具有很强的光限幅效应. 多枝分子中重复单元的推拉电子结构和协同效应有效地增强了分子的双光子吸收性质.     

含芴衍生物的长链端烯β-二酮的合成及其光学性质

通过Claisen 缩合反应, 在强碱叔丁醇钾的作用下,将芴和长链端烯引入β-二酮化合物中,合成了一种新型的含芴的长链端烯β-二酮--1-(9,9-二己基-2-芴基)-12-十三碳烯-1,3-二酮(1),其结构经1H NMR, IR和元素分析表征;其光学性质经UV和荧光光谱测定.1在氯仿中主要以烯醇式存在;1的二氯甲烷溶液在长波区(260 nm～400 nm)呈现强烈的紫外特征吸收;其荧光光谱最大吸收波长422 nm(激发波长350 nm),属蓝紫光范畴.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。