高效液相色谱法测定制药中间体7-甲氧基-1-萘基乙腈

提出了用高效液相色谱法测定制备抗抑药物中间体7-甲氧基-1-萘基乙腈含量的方法.采用Diamonsil-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,柱温为20℃,用甲醇-水(80+20)的混合液为流动相,流量为0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长为231 nm,进样量为20μL.结果表明:在此色谱条件下,7-甲氧基-1-萘基乙腈与相关杂质得到了分离.7-甲氧-基-1-萘基乙腈的质量浓度在2～48 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为105μg·L-1.在40 mg·L-1浓度水平上平行测定6次,对方法的精密度和回收率做试验,测得其相对标准偏差为0.034%,平均回收率为99.7%.     

高效液相色谱法测定白桦树皮中儿茶素和白桦酯醇的含量

提出了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定白桦树皮中白桦酯醇和儿茶素含量的方法.色谱柱为Shim-pack CLC-ODS C18(150 mm×6.0 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-水(75+25)混合溶液,紫外检测波长为205 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL·min-1,柱压7.747 MPa.儿茶素的线性范围为20.0～400.0 mg·L-1,白桦酯醇的线性范围为15.0～300.0 mg·L-1,儿茶素和白桦酯醇的加标平均回收率分别为95.8%和94.9%,相对标准偏差(n=5)分别为1.67%和2.86%.     

美托拉腙中有机溶剂残留量的测定

建立美托拉腙中异丙醇、乙醇、1,4-二氧六环和正丁醇4种有机溶剂残留量的气相色谱测定方法.用PEG-20M毛细管色谱柱(0.53 mm×30 m),采取程序控制柱温升温,在27.75 min内柱温从40℃经90℃升至180℃.采用FID检测器,检测器温度为250℃,进样口温度为145℃;氮气为载气,流速1.5 mL·min-1;氢气流速为35 mL·min-1,空气流速为350 mL·min-1,尾吹气流速为46 mL·min-1,四种有机溶剂完全分离.所得4种溶剂的线性回归方程证实了峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,其相关系数在0.999 3至0.999 8之间.测定了方法的检出限(S/N=3)依次为0.25,5.89,1.66,2.47 mg·L-1,方法的测定限(S/N=10)依次为17.57,10.99,8.51,6.11 mg·L-1,回收率试验的结果在97.9%～101.5%之间.     

高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中的氯霉素残留

建立牛奶中氯霉素残留的高效液相色谱测定方法。牛奶样品用乙腈提取,超声离心后采用液相色谱柱分离,外标法定量。色谱条件:Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇-水(40∶60,V/V),波长:278nm,流速0.8mL.min-1。线性范围为0.1～10.0 mg·L-1,相关系数R2为0.9995,最低检测限为0.009 mg·L-1。平均回收率在93.0%～97.3%之间,相对标准偏差在3.67%～5.25%之间(n=6),该方法简便、准确,适用于牛奶中氯霉素的检测。     

高效液相色谱电化学检测法测定阿奇霉素及相关组分

提出了用高效液相色谱电化学检测法同时测定阿奇霉素颗粒中阿奇霉素(AZMC)及相关组分(即脱糖氧胺阿奇霉素、阿奇霉素A及N-去甲基阿奇霉素)含量的方法.采用Thermo C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)作固定相分离上述4组分.以20 mmol·L-1磷酸二氢钾(用1 mol·L-1氢氧化钾溶液调pH为7.37)-甲醇(47+53)为流动相,流量为1.0 mL·min-1,电化学检测电位为1.05 V,柱温为35℃.阿奇霉素及相关组分的峰面积值与相应浓度之间的线性范围依次为37.06～593.00,2.63～84.00,9.20～294.50,6.69～107.00 mg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)分别为9.28,1.32,4.60,3.35 mg·L-1.用标准加入法作回收试验,测得平均回收率分别为99.9%,100.6%,99.9%,99.8%.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定α-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-α-[(叔-丁氧基羰基)异丙氧亚胺基]-乙酸

提出了制备头孢类抗生素的中间体α-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-α[(叔-丁氧基羰基)异丙氧亚胺基]-乙酸(ATIA)的反相高效液相色谱测定方法,采用SpherigelTM C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.05 g·L-1四丁基溴化铵的甲醇-水(6+4)溶液为流动相,流速为1 mL·min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长260 nm,以外标法定量.在0.001～1.0 mg范围内,ATIA的质量与峰面积呈线性关系,回归方程为A=31 475.6m+1 786.7,相关系数为0.999 7,以质量为0.06 mgATIA按方法测定6次,算得其相对标准偏差为3.7%,检出限(3S)为0.6μg,回收率的试验结果在98.8%～104.0%之间.     

高效液相色谱法测定血清中番茄红素

血清样品经正己烷萃取和高速离心除去蛋白质后在低温蒸发浓缩,最终用正己烷定容为10 mL,取10μL试液进样作高效液相色谱测定,所用固定相为Shimpack VP-ODS色谱柱,用乙腈与四氢呋喃混合液(体积比55:45)及单纯乙腈作流动相先后进行梯度淋洗.在471nm波长处作吸光光度检测,方法的线性范围为0.01～5.00 mg·L-1番茄红素.按此方法测定了632份健康人血清中蕃茄红素的含量,在0.06～2.94 mg·L-1范围内,中位值为o.45 mg·L-1.对方法的回收率及精密度做了试验,测得回收率在94.4%～99.7%之间,相对标准偏差值(n=6)为7.6%.     

气相色谱法同时测定防晒类化妆品中13种紫外吸收剂北大核心CSCD

采用气相色谱法同时测定防晒类化妆品中13种紫外吸收剂的含量。化妆品样品用甲醇超声提取,用Agilent DB-5色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。13种紫外吸收剂的质量浓度均在10.0～500.0mg·L^(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为2.0～5.0 mg·L^(-1)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为91.0%～106%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.040%～6.3%。     

微波辅助萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定牙膏中二甘醇

提出了气相色谱-质谱法测定牙膏样品中二甘醇的方法。用微波萃取法以无水乙醇作萃取溶剂,在120℃萃取20min,使牙膏样品中二甘醇溶于乙醇中,所得萃取液经脱水后,用气相色谱-质谱法测定其含量。色谱分离选用HP-INNOWAX色谱柱,采用程序升温方式;质谱测定中采用电子轰击离子源及选择离子监测模式。在最佳萃取和测定条件下,方法的线性范围为0.01～50.0mg·mL-1,检出限(3s/b)为0.005mg·mL-1。用1.0mg·mL-1二甘醇标准溶液6份按方法测定,对方法的精密度作了试验,测得相对标准偏差(n=6)小于1.6%。在牙膏样品基体上加入标准溶液作回收试验,测得回收率为95.0%～103.0%。     

液相色谱-质谱法测定墨水中蓖麻油硫酸钠

建立了用液相色谱串联质谱对蓖麻油硫酸钠进行定性定量的分析方法.采用 SR-CN型色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,3.5μm),以甲醇-水(1 1)为流动相,流速500 βL·min-1.质谱测定中采用电喷雾电离源,负离子采集模式,定量离子对m/z 377/297.该方法检出限为0.1 mg·L-1,线性范围0.4～400 mg·L-1.方法用于墨水中蓖麻油硫酸钠的定性定量分析.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.