Exact Solution of Two-Site Bose-Hubbard Model with Generic Open Boundaries

The Bose-Hubbard model is a paradigm for the study of strongly correlated bosonic systems. We study the two-site Bose-Hubbard model with generic integrable open boundaries specified by the most general non-diagonal reflecting matrices. Besides the inhomogeneous parameters, the model itself has three free boundary parameters, which break the U(1)-symmetry, in other words, break the particle number conservation. The Hamiltonian H under these circumstances is constructed. With the help of the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz method, we successfully obtain the corresponding Bethe Ansatz equations as well as the eigenvalues.     

Spectral Degeneracies in the Totally Asymmetric Exclusion Process

We study the spectrum of the Markov matrix of the totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) on a one-dimensional periodic lattice at arbitrary filling. Although the system does not possess obvious symmetries except translation invariance, the spectrum presents many multiplets with degeneracies of high order when the size of the lattice and the number of particles obey some simple arithmetic rules. This behaviour is explained by a hidden symmetry property of the Bethe Ansatz. Assuming a one-to-one correspondence between the solutions of the Bethe equations and the eigenmodes of the Markov matrix, we derive combinatorial formulae for the orders of degeneracy and the number of multiplets. These results are confirmed by exact diagonalisations of small size systems. This unexpected structure of the TASEP spectrum suggests the existence of an underlying large invariance group.     

Analytical Bethe Ansatz,Canonical Bäcklund Transformation and Q-Operator For A New Discrete Integrable Heirarchy

A new discrete heiarchy of integrable equations is generated from a new Lax Operator and a canonical Bäcklund transformation of the system is derived using Sklyanin’s formalism, based on the classical r-matrix. By quantising the system a quantum analogue of the corresponding canonical Bäcklund transformation is obtained and certain properties of the associated Q-operator are examined. Finally the analytical Bethe Ansatz is used to solve for the spectrum.     

The Neumann Type Systems and Algebro-Geometric Solutions of a System of Coupled Integrable Equations

A system of (1+1)-dimensional coupled integrable equations is decomposed into a pair of new Neumann type systems that separate the spatial and temporal variables for this system over a symplectic submanifold. Then, the Neumann type flows associated with the coupled integrable equations are integrated on the complex tour of a Riemann surface. Finally, the algebro-geometric solutions expressed by Riemann theta functions of the system of coupled integrable equations are obtained by means of the Jacobi inversion.     

A New Asymmetric Long-Range Model and Algebraic Bethe Ansatz

A new integrable long-range model is derived from a new asymmetric R-matrix recently discussed by Bibikov in relation to a XXZ spin chain in an external magnetic field. The algebraic Bethe Ansatz is used to derive the eigenvalues and equations for the eigen momenta both for the usual and long-range model.     

Pseudo-differential equations,and the Bethe ansatz for the classical Lie algebras

The correspondence between ordinary differential equations and Bethe ansatz equations for integrable lattice models in their continuum limits is generalised to vertex models related to classical simple Lie algebras. New families of pseudo-differential equations are proposed, and a link between specific generalised eigenvalue problems for these equations and the Bethe ansatz is deduced. The pseudo-differential operators resemble in form the Miura-transformed Lax operators studied in work on generalised KdV equations, classical W-algebras and, more recently, in the context of the geometric Langlands correspondence. Negative-dimension and boundary-condition dualities are also observed.     

Quantum fields presentation and generating functions of symplectic Schur functions and symplectic universal characters

This paper is concerned with construction of quantum fields presentation and generating functions of symplectic Schur functions and symplectic universal characters. The boson-fermion correspondence for these symmetric functions have been presented. In virtue of quantum fields, we derive a series of infinite order nonlinear integrable equations, namely, universal character hierarchy, symplectic KP hierarchy and symplectic universal character hierarchy, respectively. In addition, the solutions of these integrable systems have been discussed.     

Existence of Solutions to the Bethe Ansatz Equations for the 1D Hubbard Model: Finite Lattice and Thermodynamic Limit

In this work, we present a proof of the existence of real and ordered solutions to the generalized Bethe Ansatz equations for the one dimensional Hubbard model on a finite lattice, with periodic boundary conditions. The existence of a continuous set of solutions extending from any U>0 to U=∞ is also shown. We use this continuity property, combined with the proof that the norm of the wavefunction obtained with the generalized Bethe Ansatz is not zero, to prove that the solution gives us the ground state of the finite system, as assumed by Lieb and Wu. Lastly, for the absolute ground state at half-filling, we show that the solution converges to a distribution in the thermodynamic limit. This limit distribution satisfies the integral equations that led to the Lieb-Wu solution of the 1D Hubbard model.     

Functional Relations and Bethe Ansatz for the XXZ Chain

There is an approach due to Bazhanov and Reshetikhin for solving integrable RSOS models which consists of solving the functional relations which result from the truncation of the fusion hierarchy. We demonstrate that this is also an effective means of solving integrable vertex models. Indeed, we use this method to recover the known Bethe Ansatz solutions of both the closed and open XXZ quantum spin chains with U(1) symmetry. Moreover, since this method does not rely on the existence of a pseudovacuum state, we also use this method to solve a special case of the open XXZ chain with nondiagonal boundary terms.     

具有非对角开边界的SU(2)不变Thirring模型的精确解

利用量子反散射方法研究了1+1维时空中具有非对角开边界条件下的SU(2)不变Thirring模型. 于辅助空间引入独立于谱参量的规范变换,找到了适当的Fock真空态. 通过Bethe Ansatz方法得到了系统相应转移矩阵的本征值和本征态,及其谱参数所满足的Bethe Ansatz方程,并讨论了体系的边界自由度. 关键词： SU(2)不变Thirring模型')" href="#">SU(2)不变Thirring模型 非对角开边界 量子反散射方法     

Bethe Ansatz and the Spectral Theory of Affine Lie Algebra-Valued Connections I. The simply-laced Case

We study the ODE/IM correspondence for ODE associated to \({\widehat{\mathfrak{g}}}\)-valued connections, for a simply-laced Lie algebra \({\mathfrak{g}}\). We prove that subdominant solutions to the ODE defined in different fundamental representations satisfy a set of quadratic equations called \({\Psi}\)-system. This allows us to show that the generalized spectral determinants satisfy the Bethe Ansatz equations.     

Bargmann Symmetry Constraint for a Family of Liouville Integrable Differential-Difference Equations

A family of integrable differential-difference equations is derived from a new matrix spectral problem. The Hamiltonian forms of obtained differential-difference equations are constructed. The Liouville integrability for the obtained integrable family is proved. Then, Bargmann symmetry constraint of the obtained integrable family is presented by binary nonliearization method of Lax pairs and adjoint Lax pairs. Under this Bargmann symmetry constraints, an integrable symplectic map and a sequences of completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems in Liouville sense are worked out, and every integrable differential-difference equations in the obtained family is factored by the integrable symplectic map and a completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian system.     

The SYM integrable super spin chain

Recently it was established that the one-loop planar dilatation generator of super-Yang–Mills theory may be identified, in some restricted cases, with the Hamiltonians of various integrable quantum spin chains. In particular Minahan and Zarembo established that the restriction to scalar operators leads to an integrable vector chain, while recent work in QCD suggested that restricting to twist operators, containing mostly covariant derivatives, yields certain integrable Heisenberg XXX chains with non-compact spin symmetry . Here we unify and generalize these insights and argue that the complete one-loop planar dilatation generator of is described by an integrable super spin chain. We also write down various forms of the associated Bethe ansatz equations, whose solutions are in one-to-one correspondence with the complete set of all one-loop planar anomalous dimensions in the gauge theory. We finally speculate on the non-perturbative extension of these integrable structures, which appears to involve non-local deformations of the conserved charges.     

Diagonalization of an Integrable Discretization of the Repulsive Delta Bose Gas on the Circle

We introduce an integrable lattice discretization of the quantum system of n bosonic particles on a ring interacting pairwise via repulsive delta potentials. The corresponding (finite-dimensional) spectral problem of the integrable lattice model is solved by means of the Bethe Ansatz method. The resulting eigenfunctions turn out to be given by specializations of the Hall-Littlewood polynomials. In the continuum limit the solution of the repulsive delta Bose gas due to Lieb and Liniger is recovered, including the orthogonality of the Bethe wave functions first proved by Dorlas (extending previous work of C.N. Yang and C.P. Yang).Work supported in part by the Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT) Grant # 1051012, by the Anillo Ecuaciones Asociadas a Reticulados financed by the World Bank through the Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnología, and by the Programa Reticulados y Ecuaciones of the Universidad de Talca.     

Solutions of convex Bethe Ansatz equations and the zeros of (basic) hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials

Via the solutions of systems of algebraic equations of Bethe Ansatz type, we arrive at bounds for the zeros of orthogonal (basic) hypergeometric polynomials belonging to the Askey–Wilson, Wilson and continuous Hahn families.

     

Review of AdS/CFT Integrability, Chapter III.6: Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz

The aim of the chapter is to introduce in a pedagogical manner the concept of Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz designed to calculate the energy levels of finite volume integrable systems and to review how it is applied in the planar AdS/CFT setting.     

Finite size effects in the spin-1 XXZ and supersymmetric sine-Gordon models with Dirichlet boundary conditions

Starting from the Bethe Ansatz solution of the open integrable spin-1 XXZ quantum spin chain with diagonal boundary terms, we derive a set of nonlinear integral equations (NLIEs), which we propose to describe the boundary supersymmetric sine-Gordon model BSSG⁺ with Dirichlet boundary conditions on a finite interval. We compute the corresponding boundary S matrix, and find that it coincides with the one proposed by Bajnok, Palla and Takács for the Dirichlet BSSG⁺ model. We derive a relation between the (UV) parameters in the boundary conditions and the (IR) parameters in the boundary S matrix. By computing the boundary vacuum energy, we determine a previously unknown parameter in the scattering theory. We solve the NLIEs numerically for intermediate values of the interval length, and find agreement with our analytical result for the effective central charge in the UV limit and with boundary conformal perturbation theory.     

可积开边界条件下的q形变玻色子模型

利用代数Bethe Ansatz方法在可积开边界条件下推广了q形变玻色子模型，得到可积开边界条件下此模型的哈密顿量及其本征方程.该工作可为在更小尺度下研究具有相互作用的玻色子系统提供有效的理论基础. 关键词： 代数Bethe Ansatz q形变玻色子模型')" href="#">q形变玻色子模型 开边界 可积系统     

Thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz analysis in an SU(2)×U(1) symmetric σ-model

Four different types of free energies are computed by both thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz (TBA) techniques and by weak coupling perturbation theory in an integrable one-parameter deformation of the O(4) principal chiral σ-model (with SU(2)×U(1) symmetry). The model exhibits both ‘fermionic' and ‘bosonic' type free energies and in all cases the perturbative and the TBA results are in perfect agreement, strongly supporting the correctness of the proposed S matrix. The mass gap is also computed in terms of the Λ parameters of the modified minimal subtraction scheme and a lattice regularized version of the model.     

The Gauge–Bethe Correspondence and Geometric Representation Theory

The Gauge/Bethe correspondence of Nekrasov and Shatashvili relates the spectrum of integrable spin chains to the ground states of supersymmetric gauge theories. Up to now, this correspondence has been an observation; the underlying reason for its existence remaining elusive. We argue here that geometrical representation theory is a mathematical foundation of the Gauge/Bethe correspondence, and it provides a framework to study families of gauge theories in a unified way.