圆管内插入螺旋片状多孔介质的换热性能及场协同分析

采用数值计算的方法,以水为流动介质,研究了圆管内插入螺旋片状多孔介质在充分发展的层流区的换热及流动综合性能,并与环状和圆柱状多孔介质插入物进行了对比,此外,利用场物理量协同原理对计算结果进行了分析。结果表明,在圆管内插入螺旋片状多孔介质可以有效提高换热与流动的综合性能,其PEC达到3.60～3.95.     

螺旋折流片强化壳侧传热的四管模型数值模拟

针对螺旋折流片管壳式换热器的正方形布管方式,建立了相间套螺旋折流片的四管数学物理模型,利用FLUENT软件对该模型的流动与传热情况进行了数值模拟;并与光滑通道中及单管螺旋折流片模型的流动和传热结果进行了对比.结果显示旋向相反的相邻螺旋折流片所诱导的两股旋流通过相互作用可提高通道内流体流速,并有效地形成对相邻传热管外的斜向冲刷,这对于减薄边界层,促进近壁流体与主流区流体的动量和质量交换进而强化传热有明显的作用,算例显示其传热系数可比相同尺寸的光管通道中的情形提高约44%～57%.     

圆管内插入螺旋片强化传热数值模拟及(火积)耗散分析

本文对圆管内插入不同中空比(d~*=d_1/D)空心轴螺旋片的湍流传热过程进行了数值模拟研究,结果显示内插空心轴螺旋片圆管内的传热性能明显得到提升,平均努谢尔特数相比光滑圆管提高了105%~385%;并从((?))耗散与传热效率的角度定量分析了内插螺旋片强化传热机理,结果发现内插螺旋片管内传热效率在91.3%~92.3%之间,均高于光管。     

锅炉炉内含尘气流冲刷管束换热器的流动和传热特性研究

本文通过模型计算和实验对于含尘烟气冲刷圆管和螺旋肋片管的管束换热器的流动和传热特性进行研究。结果表明,换热管束的形式对颗粒的传热强化作用具有明显的影响。颗粒对圆管的传热强化作用必须予以考虑,而对于螺旋肋片管则可忽略。     

螺旋肋片换热器强化传热数值分析及实验

为了研究螺旋肋片换热器的综合性能,建立了单周期三维模型,通过模拟得到了螺旋肋片换热器壳程内流场和温度场,并分析了换热器综合性能的影响因素.在相同的工艺条件下,完成了螺旋肋片和折流杆两种换热器的综合性能对比实验.结果表明,前者比后者具有较高的传热系数和较低的压降,数值结果与实验数据吻合较好.螺旋肋片换热器结构较简单,综合性能优于同类换热器,具有良好的工程应用前景.     

螺旋折流板换热器层流流动与换热的数值模拟

应用多孔介质和分布阻力模型对一螺旋折流板管壳式换热器的壳侧层流流动与换热进行了三维数值模拟,并与该换热器的实验研究结果进行了对比分析,符合程度良好.证明了该方法能有效地模拟螺旋折流板换热器的流动和换热特性.     

定曲率螺旋盘管式汽车尾气余热回收装置的性能研究

为研究汽车尾气余热回收装置不同参数对其性能的影响,对汽车尾气余热回收装置定曲率螺旋盘管换热器建立三维仿真模型,研究了雷诺数在4 000～14 000的范围内,定曲率螺旋盘管换热器盘管直径和螺旋直径两个几何参数对阻力和换热性能的影响。结果表明:改变换热器盘管直径,对换热器流动阻力性能影响不大,换热量随着换热器盘管直径的增加而增加;螺旋直径为70 mm时流动阻力增量最大,换热量随着螺旋直径的减小而增大。     

双螺旋与中间搭接螺旋折流板换热器性能研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了40°螺旋角时螺旋折流板换热器双螺旋和中间搭接两种折流板布置形式对壳程性能与螺旋流动的影响,并与30°和40°螺旋角时单螺旋连续搭接结构的进行了对比.结果表明,40°螺旋角时双螺旋和中间搭接结构会强化壳程流体的螺旋流动,使同流量下壳程换热系数与压降增加,但同压降下的换热系数显著下降且均低于30°螺...     

仿螺旋肋片道流动换热特性的数值研究

运用数值计算的方法对仿螺旋肋片内冷通道内的流动特性和传热特性进行了研究,共建立五组模型,分析了入口冷气雷诺数和肋片排布方式对壁面换热和通道阻力特性的影响规律.研究结果表明:(1)随着肋片与主流方向的夹角α的增大,壁面换热增强,同时通道内平均阻力系数显著增大.(2)随着入口冷气雷诺数的增大,壁面平均努塞尔数Nu增大,平均阻力系数Eu减小.(3)改变肋片倾斜角β可使综合性能提高,且存在最佳值.在研究范围内,α=15°,β=15°时综合性能最好.     

采用深槽螺旋波纹管的折流杆换热器传热与流动数值模拟

本文采用数值计算方法,以水为流动介质,研究了采用螺旋波纹管为换热管的折流杆换热器传热与流动的综合性能,并与传统采用圆管的折流杆换热器进行对比.结果表明,采用螺旋波纹管的折流杆换热器能有效提高综合强化传热性能,其EEC值可达1.28.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.