H2O2氧化法制备Fe3O4纳米颗粒及与共沉淀法制备该样品的比较

在近中性条件下，利用H₂Ｏ₂氧化Fe(OH)2胶体成功制备了Fe₃ Ｏ₄纳米颗粒.分别利用透射电镜(TEM)，x射线衍射仪(XRD)，振动样品磁强计(VSM)和超导量子干涉仪（SQUI D）对样品的形貌，结构，宏观磁性进行了表征和测量.TEM图像表明样品为球形颗粒，直径 大小约18nm，且分布较均匀.XRD结果表明样品为立方尖晶石结构.穆斯堡尔谱测量表明样品 室温下对应两套六线谱，样品的晶体结构存在缺陷，内磁场略小于块体Fe₃Ｏ4的值. 宏观磁测量表明样品的饱和磁化强度可达67×10^-3A·m²/g，在20 K出现了Verw ey转变.选择该法制备的Fe₃Ｏ₄纳米颗粒与共沉淀法得到的样品作 了磁性比较.宏观磁 测量表明共沉淀法制备的样品在外磁场为1T时仍未饱和，磁化强度仅为46×10^-3A·m²/g，在178K出现了超顺磁转变温度，且在测量温度范围内没有发现Verwe y转变. 关键词： 亚铁磁 超顺磁 穆斯堡尔谱     

Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2复合纳米结构的尺寸与磁性调控

采用共沉淀法和溶剂热法制备了不同尺寸的Fe3O4纳米粒子,通过Stöber法和溶胶-凝胶法在Fe3O4磁核上包覆SiO2和TiO2壳层获得不同尺寸的Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2复合纳米结构．采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对其结构、形貌和磁性进行了研究．结果表明,大尺寸复合纳米粒子包覆均匀,分散性好,饱和磁化强度较大,有利于TiO2光催化剂的磁回收与再利用．     

有机盐制备的Fe3O4-葡聚糖纳米粒子的磁性能及表征

利用葡糖酸铁(C12H22FeO14·2H2O)和柠檬酸铁(C6H5O7Fe·5H2O)参与的化学共沉积法制备出单分散核心氧化铁的平均粒径为4.1nm,葡聚糖厚度约为11nm,总体平均粒径为26nm的Fe3O4葡聚糖复合纳米粒子.研究结果表明,复合粒子Fe3O4葡聚糖具有超顺磁性.制备过程中没有N2保护,得到的Fe3O4无机粒子的晶体结构几乎没有发生变化,证明了有机盐的抗氧化性,合成的Fe3O4葡聚糖复合纳米粒子具有较好的磁性能.其在室温下(300K)的饱和磁化强度为52emu/g,低温下(5K)的饱和磁化强度为63emu/g.并利用TEM、XRD、DLS和VSM(振动样品磁强计)等手段对其粒结构、形态、粒径和磁性能进行了表征.     

CoFe2O4/空心微球复合体的制备与吸波性能

采用化学共沉淀法,在空心微球上包覆一层CoFe2O4,得到一种低密度的空心磁性微球．磁测量结果表明,磁场下退火制备的CoFe2O4样品反位缺陷减少,从而导致饱和磁化强度随退火磁场的增强而增大．吸波性能测试结果表明,包覆结构的CoFe2O4/空心球样品是一种轻质的微波吸收材料.     

CoFe_2O_4/空心微球复合体的制备与吸波性能

采用化学共沉淀法,在空心微球上包覆一层CoFe2O4,得到一种低密度的空心磁性微球.磁测量结果表明,磁场下退火制备的CoFe2O4样品反位缺陷减少,从而导致饱和磁化强度随退火磁场的增强而增大.吸波性能测试结果表明,包覆结构的CoFe2O4/空心球样品是一种轻质的微波吸收材料.     

低温固相反应法制备的NiFe2O4纳米颗粒的结构与磁性

采用低温固相反应法制备了晶粒尺寸在8-47 nm之间的NiFe2O4纳米颗粒系列样品,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨中子粉末衍射谱仪、振动样品磁强计和超导量子干涉仪等对样品的晶体结构、宏观磁性和纳米颗粒的表面各向异性进行了分析研究.XRD和中子衍射测量结果显示纳米颗粒的晶格常数略高于块体材料,样品的氧参量表明纳米颗粒的晶格畸变程度没有块体材料严重.相对块体材料,纳米颗粒具有较小的磁化强度、较大的矫顽力和各向异性能密度.纳米颗粒从多畴转变为单畴的临界尺寸约为40 nm,超顺磁性临界尺寸约为16 nm.     

Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@TiO_2复合纳米结构的尺寸与磁性调控

采用共沉淀法和溶剂热法制备了不同尺寸的Fe_3O_4纳米粒子,通过Stber法和溶胶-凝胶法在Fe_3O_4磁核上包覆SiO_2和Ti O2壳层获得不同尺寸的Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ti O2复合纳米结构.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对其结构、形貌和磁性进行了研究.结果表明,大尺寸复合纳米粒子包覆均匀,分散性好,饱和磁化强度较大,有利于TiO_2光催化剂的磁回收与再利用.     

用水热法合成掺杂Pr~(3+)的NiPr_xFe_(2-x)O_4纳米颗粒及其表征

采用水热法制备了掺杂Pr3+的NiPrx Fe2-x O4(x=0.0,0.01,0.025,0.05,0.075,0.1,0.15)纳米颗粒.实验结果表明制备的样品是立方体结构的纳米颗粒,当掺杂量为0x≤0.1时Pr3+能成功掺杂到NiFe2O4尖晶石晶格内,但掺杂量x0.1(x=0.15)时会出现杂峰.随着掺杂量从0增加到0.1,样品的平均晶粒尺寸从47nm减小到18nm,饱和磁化强度从55A·m2/kg单调减小至37A·m2/kg,矫顽力从4.7×103 A/m减小到3.4×103 A/m.饱和磁化强度减少的原因主要是由于室温下无磁性的Pr3+代替NiFe2O4中的Fe3+造成的.     

磁流体制备及性质研究

采用化学共沉淀法制备了纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒,将其均匀分散在载液中获得磁流体.给出了表征所制备样品的宏观和微观特性图谱,探究了样品的磁热效应、法拉第效应和克尔效应,并制作了磁流体薄膜显示器.通过对磁流体样品的分析,获得其最佳的油酸钠包裹量为0.0216g/mL,样品颗粒小,稳定性高,磁热效应明显.研究发现磁流体薄膜的透射率随磁场变化明显,测量费尔德系数时必须考虑透射率的影响.磁流体样品存在异常克尔信号.     

简单的方法制备°-Fe2O3纳米粒子及其磁性质和电化学性质

报道了制备磁性Fe2O3纳米粒子的一种简单易行的方法．利用部分还原共沉淀法， 以Na2S2O4作为还原剂， 用FeCl3先制备出Fe2O3纳米微粒， 再在空气中直接煅烧， 成功地制备出粒径较均匀(约13 nm)的磁性Fe2O3微粒． 实验发现Na2S2O4在部分还原共沉淀法中起到了去氧剂兼还原剂的特殊作用．研究表明， 样品在室温下具有铁磁性， 其饱和磁化强度和矫顽力分别为70 emu/g和164 Oe； 产物具有好的电化学性质，在3.0?0.3 V(相对于金属锂)、0.2 mA/cm2时，样品的首次放电容量可达到933 mAh/g．同时还讨论了放电过程中金属锂与Fe2O3的反应机理．     

Polarisation resistance of the O2, Au/O2− and H2-H2O, Au/O2− electrode systems

Gold electrodes with known contact geometries were studied using impedance spectroscopy. From these data it was possible to determine the specific polarisation conductivity per unit length of three-phase boundary (TPB). The values were found to be (3÷22)×10⁻⁴ S·cm⁻¹ dependent on the electrode history in pure oxygen at 977 °C and 2×10⁻⁶ S·cm⁻¹ at 977 °C in “pure” hydrogen (P_O2=10⁻²⁰ atm at 1001 °C). The results are compared with previous data obtained for platinum electrodes.     

对含Y_2O_3和Gd_2O_3的La_2O_3-B_2O_3-BaO玻璃化学稳定性研究

本文研究了含Ｙ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３的Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＢａＯ玻璃的耐水性和耐酸性。结果表明，比硅酸盐玻璃化学稳定性差的Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＢａＯ玻璃，可以适量的用Ｙ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３取代Ｌａ２Ｏ３，可得以改善     

Mixed conductivity of glasses in the P2O5-V2O5-Na2O system

The conductivity of glasses in the P₂O₅−[(1−x) V₂O₅−x Na₂O] system is studied as a function of temperature and composition. For all compositions, the conductivity variations as a function of temperature follow an Arrhenius type relationship: . The activation energies and pre-exponential factors corresponding to the V₂O₅ richest compositions are lower than that corresponding to the ionic ones. Isothermal variations of the conductivity as a function of composition show a deep minimum for a molar ratio x near 0.65. On either side of this minimum, the conductivity is mainly electronic (x<0.7) or ionic (x>0.8). The variations are interpreted assuming a prevailing diluting effect of the non predominantly present oxide without any interactions between the electronic and ionic charge carriers. Paper presented at the 5th Euroconference on Solid State Ionics, Benalmádena, Spain, Sept. 13–20, 1998.     

Surface complexes between O2, H2O and lithium

The He(I) photoelectron spectra of lithium and its surfaces as a function of exposure to O₂ or to H₂O are reported in this paper. The spectra provide evidence for the formation of a stable complex between H₂O and lithium rather than for formation of a product such as LiOH. The spectral evidence for the H₂O/Li complex is supported by calculations using several ten atom models of binding sites on unreconstructed lithium surfaces bearing H₂O in various conformations.     

Raman Scattering of H2O/D2O Solutions

The stretching vibrations of water are perfect characteristics of the hydrogen bond. Studying their frequency shift, changes of intensities, broadening of the bands and appearence of submaxima we can receive very important structural information about the groups involved in H-bonding and about the bond itself. The observed Raman spectra, however, are rather complicated because the OH and OD stretching bands are always superpositions of several bands due to intra- and intermolecular coupling, effect of Fermi resonance etc. The     

Spectroscopic studies on Li2O–MgO–Bi2O3–B2O3 glasses

MgO-Li₂O-Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ glasses were prepared by melt quench technique and analyzed with the help of refractive index, optical, IR, and Raman spectroscopy studies. The present glasses exhibited the mixed modifier effect (MME) through refractive index change non-linearly. The variation in the indirect optical band gap and band tailing in MgO content have been discussed with the glass structure. Based on the obtained values of α_o2-, optical basicity, and interaction parameters, the present glasses were termed as very semi covalent acidic oxide glasses. Raman and Infrared spectra reveal that these glasses are built up of BO₃, BO₄ units of B₂O₃ and octahedral [BiO₆], pyramidal [BiO₃] units of Bi₂O₃ were observed.